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Figure 1. Lights at Night, 2008 1992 2008 Digital Number High : - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Robinson projection Figure 1. Lights at Night, 2008 1992 2008 Digital Number High : 63 Low : 0 0 25 50 100 km Universal Transverse Mercator projection Universal T ransverse Mercator projection Figure 2. Long-Term Growth: Korean

  1. Robinson projection Figure 1. Lights at Night, 2008

  2. 1992 2008 Digital Number High : 63 Low : 0 0 25 50 100 km Universal Transverse Mercator projection Universal T ransverse Mercator projection Figure 2. Long-Term Growth: Korean Peninsula

  3. 1997 Digital Number High : 63 Low : 0 Universal Transverse Mercator projection 1998 0 50 100 200 km Changes < -4 -3 - 3 > 4 35.2 35 34.8 Actual ln(GDP) ln(GDP) predicted by lights 34.6 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Figure 3. Asian Financial Crisis: Java, Indonesia

  4. 1993 1994 Digital Number High : 63 0 10 20 km Low : 0 Universal Transverse Mercator projection 1996 27.5 27 26.5 Actual ln(GDP) ln(GDP) predicted by lights 26 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Year Figure 4: Genocide event: Rwanda Figure 4. Genocide Event: Rwanda

  5. Panel A. GDP versus lights: overall panel ln(GDP) net of country and year fixed effects 0.5 0 − 0.5 Bandwidth = 0.8 − 1 − 1 0 0.5 1 − 0.5 ln(lights / area) net of country and year fixed effects

  6. Table 2—Baseline Results for the World: 1992–2008; Growth in Real GDP ( constant LCU ) ln ( GDP ) ln ( GDP ) ln ( GDP ) ln ( GDP ) ln ( GDP ) ln ( GDP ) ln ( GDP ) ln ( GDP ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) ( 6 ) ( 7 ) ( 8 ) ln ( lights / area ) 0.277*** 0.2618*** 0.2662*** 0.286*** 0.282*** 0.166*** 0.284*** [ 0.031 ] [ 0.0344 ] [ 0.0314 ] [ 0.034 ] [ 0.046 ] [ 0.051 ] [ 0.030 ] ln ( lights / area ) sq. − 0.0058 [ 0.0060 ] ln ( count 0.0115* top-coded + 1 ) [ 0.0059 ] ln ( unlit ) − 0.0124 [ 0.0122 ] Spatial Gini 0.165 [ 0.194 ] ln ( KWH ) 0.283*** 0.201*** [ 0.047 ] [ 0.041 ] Observations 3,015 3,015 3,015 3,015 1,853 1,853 1,853 3,015 Countries 188 188 188 188 128 128 128 188 ( Within country ) R 2 0.769 0.769 0.770 0.769 0.757 0.767 0.782 0.770 notes: All specifjcations include country and year fjxed effects. Column 8 excludes regions with gas fmares. Robust standard errors, clustered by country, are in brackets. *** Signifjcant at the 1 percent level. ** Signifjcant at the 5 percent level. * Signifjcant at the 10 percent level.

  7. Table 3—Lights Up / Down, Time Trend, Long Difference Fixed Country Demeaned Long Long effects time trend plus / minus difference difference ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) ln ( lights / area ) 0.277*** 0.180*** 0.320*** 0.302*** [ 0.031 ] [ 0.036 ] [ 0.037 ] [ 0.037 ] ⎮ + ∆ ln ( lights / area )⎮ 0.274*** [ 0.039 ] ⎮ − ∆ ln ( lights / area )⎮ − 0.279*** [ 0.056 ] ln ( top-coded + 1 ) 0.021 [ 0.015 ] ln ( unlit ) − 0.0077 [ 0.0242 ] Time effects Yes Yes In demean No No Country effects Yes Yes In demean No No Observations 3,015 3,015 3,015 170 170 Countries 188 188 188 170 170 ( Within country ) R 2 0.769 0.904 0.209 0.279 0.288 notes: Robust standard errors ( clustered by country except in column 2 ) in brackets. In columns 4 and 5, long dif- ferences are formed by averaging the fjrst and last two years of levels data. *** Signifjcant at the 1 percent level. ** Signifjcant at the 5 percent level. * Signifjcant at the 10 percent level.

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