Faculty, TAs and Staff Faculty : Prof. Ratul Dasgupta TAs : Rupak - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Faculty, TAs and Staff  Faculty : Prof. Ratul Dasgupta  TAs : Rupak Kumar (rupakkumar 001 @gmail.com) Anshu Shukla (anshu.shukla. 27 @gmail.com) Vankudooth Naresh ( 123020042 @iitb.ac.in)  Staff Members : Amit Shinde Jayesh Koli

Principles to be Illustrated  To visually observe laminar and turbulent flow patterns  To determine the critical Reynolds number for transition from laminar to turbulent flow  To determine the friction factor and to verify the relationship between f and Re.

Background Theory  Fluid flows can be largely divided into two types: laminar and turbulent  Laminar flow is at low fluid velocities where there is no lateral mixing and layers slide over each other  Turbulent flow is at high fluid velocities, the flow is irregular and eddies disrupt the flow  The Reynolds number is used to estimate the type of flow. It measures the magnitude of turbulence

Theory Contd.  Reynolds number is the ratio of the inertial force to the viscous force  The flow is considered to be laminar for Reynolds number less than 2100  Flow is turbulent for Reynolds number greater than 4100  For the intermediate numbers the flow is considered to be transient  Friction factor is the ratio of the wall shear stress to the product of the density and velocity head

Schematic of Apparatus

Procedure Measure the height of fluid Now gradually increase the flow (H 1 ) in tank I and (H 2 ) in tank rate and record the same no. of II. readings in the different regions. Measure the volumetric flow Gradually decrease the flow rate. rate of fluid .Take three Record three readings in the different readings by either turbulent, three in the transient keeping the volume constant or and three in the laminar regions. time constant. Decrease the flow rate and Record the volumetric flow rate wait till the fluid level and add dye to observe the flow stabilizes in tank II. pattern.

Data to be collected For each reading collect the following data:  Height of water in tank 1  Height of water in tank 2  Volume of water collected  Time taken to collect water sample

Data Analysis Measure the difference Measure the in height of the fluid in Evaluate velocity of volumetric flow the two tanks and the fluid, v = Q/A calculate the pressure rate Q. difference. Check if the flow is Calculate friction turbulent or laminar Calculate Reynold's factor, f obs = and calculate number, Re = pvD/µ ∆Pg c D/2pLv 2 theoritical friction factor. If laminar flow, f = 16/Re If turbulent flow, f = 0.0014 + (0.125/Re 0.32 )

Marking Scheme  Pre Viva : 10 marks (MCQs + Short answer questions)  Lab Performance : 10 marks  Report : 25 marks ( 15 marks + 10 marks)  Post Viva : 25 marks  Endsem : 30 marks

Thank You