Development of efficient bioflocculants by exploring the microbial diversity of South African Eastern Cape Province for novel bioflocculants (SANCOOP Application Number: ES516874) ANTHO AN HONY Y I O I OKOH OH, PhD hD, FW FWIS ISA Unive versity rsity of of Fo Fort Ha Hare, So South h Af Africa & DR AR ARINZE ZE S OK S OKOL OLI GenØk -Nor orwegi egian an Centre tre fo for B Bios osaf afety, ty, Trom omsø sø, , Nor orway ay
First Black University in South Africa – 100 years Located in the Eastern Cape Province Highly politically conscious university – Nelson Mandela. Govan Mbeki. Robert Mugabe etc Campuses in Alice, East London and Bisho Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG) SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
Ge GenØk nØk – Centre for Biosafety, Tromsø, Norway
PARTNERS Prof AI Okoh (PI) SOUTH AFRICA University of Fort Hare Dr AS Okoli (PI) NORWAY GenØk -Norwegian Centre for Biosafety, Tromsø
Other members of the team • Prof UU Nwodo • Anne I Myhr • Prof LV Mabinya • Lise Nordgård • Dr K Okaiyeto • Mr N Ntozonke • Miss N Ntsangani • Miss B Makapela
Water = 70% 1% Freshwater OUR PLANET 2% Frozen
Inorganic flocculants e.g aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride Synthetic organic flocculants e.g polyacrylamide derivatives and polyethylene amine Natural flocculants e.g Moringa oleifera , chitosan, sodium alginate, and microbial flocculants ( Bioflocculant )
Senile dementia (Alzheimer disease) Cancer and neuro-toxicity Recalcitrance
Bioflocculants are environmentally safe, non-toxic and biodegradable
PROJECT AIM To investigate the microbial biodiversity of South African (SA) Eastern Cape Province (ECP) for novel, environmentally safe, efficient and cost effective bioflocculants that can serve as alternatives to the hazardous inorganic and synthetic organic flocculants
PROJECT SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES To isolate actinobacteria from water and sediments samples of some marine environments in the EC Province of SA To screen and optimize efficient bioflocculant producers for maximal production of bioflocculants as axenic and consortia cultures To characterize and evaluate the flocculation efficiencies of purified bioflocculants in comparison with commercially available flocculants; To identify impacted proteins/genes and molecular pathways for bacteria bioflocculant production in comparison with selected genetically modified bioflocculant producers Effects of glyphosate and AMPA (aminomethyl phosphonic acid) on the molecular pathways of bacteria bioflocculant production To identify preliminary conditions for industrial scale production of the most efficient bioflocculant
WORK PACKAGES Work Package 1: Isolation and screening of actinobacteria for bioflocculant production ( Task Leader: Professor Okoh ) Work Package 2: Purification and characterization of bioflocculants from the actinobacteria isolates ( Task Leader: Professor Okoh ) Work Package 3: Evaluation of the flocculation efficiencies of purified products in comparison with commercially available flocculants used in water/wastewater treatments ( Task Leader: Professor Okoh ) Work Package 4: Identification of proteins and molecular pathways of bioflocculant production, and in comparison with selected genetically modified bioflocculant producers. ( Task Leader: Dr. Okoli ) Work Package 5: Validation of central component proteins of identified significant pathways and networks; systematic functional analysis of validated components; use knockout and revertant mutations for the identification of specific essential genes ( Task Leader: Dr. Okoli )
RESEARCH OUTPUTS SUMMARY Journal articles: 6 International Conference papers National Conference papers Graduation: 1 PhD and 3 MSc
MBF-W7 exhibited excellent flocculating activity for kaolin clay suspension at 0.2 mg/ml over a wide pH range of 3 – 11; with the maximal flocculation rate of 85.8% in the presence of Mn 2+ . It maintained and retained high flocculating activity of over 70% after heating at 100 ° C for 60 min. MBF-W7 showed good turbidity removal potential (86.9%) and chemical oxygen demand reduction efficiency (75.3%) in Tyhume River.
Comparison with conventional flocculants Flocculants Wastewater/ Optimum Turbidity COD Flocculation water removal (% ) reduction (%) efficiency (%) dose (mg/ml) Bioflocculant C1 Brewery 0.3 94.1 ± 0.4 a 99.7 ± 0.1 a 94.3 ± 0.3 a 87.5 ± 1.5 b 99.8 ± 0.0 a 78.4 ± 5.0 b Dairy 98.9 ± 0.1 c 65.8 ± 1.8 b 96.5 ± 2.1 a River 92.3 ± 3.1 a Bioflocculant C2 Brewery 0.1 97.1 ± 0.1 a 99.9 ± 0.0 a Dairy 85.7 ± 0.4 b 99.7 ± 0.0 a 82.8 ± 1.9 b River 98.7 ± 0.6 c 74.4 ± 6.1 b 98.2 ± 1.4 c Bioflocculant C3 Brewery 0.2 93.9 ± 1.2 a 99.7 ± 0.0 a 92.0 ± 1.4 a Dairy 88.3 ± 1.8 b 99.9 ± 0.0 a 91.0 ± 1.8 a River 98.6 ± 2.3 c 63.5 ± 2.3 b 96.0 ± 2.6 a Bioflocculant C4 Brewery 0.2 96.3 ± 0.5 a 99.7 ± 0.1 a 93.2 ± 1.3 a Dairy 84.2 ± 3.6 b 99.8 ± 0.0 a 85.0 ± 2.2 b River 99.1 ± 0.2 b 66.3 ± 9.4 b 98.9 ± 0.9 c Polyacrylamide Brewery 0.3 85.4 ± 0.1 a 99.6 ± 0.0 a 66.1 ± 0.4 a 72.5 ± 1.6 b 98.0 ± 0.2 a 67.3 ± 1.1 a Dairy 48.8 ± 7.2 c 68.8 ± 1.7 b 70.8 ± 0.6 b River AlCl 3 Brewery 1 87.0 ± 0.1 a 98.0 ± 0.0 a 75.1 ± 0.3 a Dairy 71.4 ± 0.5 b 98.6 ± 0.2 a 67.0 ± 0.1 a River 35.1 ± 9.9 c 70.0 ± 2.7 b 57.4 ± 0.1 b
Summary Microbes are important sources of bioflocculants that could stand as alternatives to hazardous chemical flocculants. Bioflocculants mostly produced during active growth. Bioflocculants vary in chemical compositions. Genes of different metabolic pathways of Bacillus spp bioflocculant production have been identified: validation studies are ongoing Perturbed bacterial pathways by glyphosate & aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) identified – how is bioflocculant production affected?: studies underway
Benefits of Collaboration * Capacity building through research and education: a collaborative initiative between University of Fort Hare, Arctic University of Norway and GenØK Enabled submission of a joint proposal to the "UTFORSK - Application 2014" for "UTF-2014/10068 - C A doctoral student spent some time in Genok to develop new skills in proteomics Our Norwegian partner (Dr AS Okoli) also visited our lab for joint experimental works
Staff and Student Exchange Name Place visited Prof LV Mabinya Genok Biosafety Centre, Tromso Prof UU Nwodo Genok Biosafety Centre, Tromso Prof AI Okoh Genok Biosafety Centre, Tromso Mr N Ntozonke Genok Biosafety Centre, Tromso Prof AS Okoli University of Fort Hare
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Conta Con tact ct: Prof Pr of Ant Antho hony ny I I Ok Okoh oh Email: Email: ao aokoh oh@u @ufh.ac.za; fh.ac.za; www.ufh.ac.za/cen www .ufh.ac.za/centr tres es/aemr /aemreg/ g/ www www.mr .mrc.ac c.ac.z .za/Micr a/Microb obial/Mi ial/Micr crob obial. ial.ht htm
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