Example exploration Beijing R.W. Oldford Air quality in Beijing - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Example exploration Beijing R.W. Oldford

Air quality in Beijing Problem Interest lies in understanding the quality of air in Beijing, China.

Air quality in Beijing Problem Interest lies in understanding the quality of air in Beijing, China. A measure of that quality is PM2.5 which determines an Air Quality Index .

Air quality in Beijing Problem Interest lies in understanding the quality of air in Beijing, China. A measure of that quality is PM2.5 which determines an Air Quality Index . This is a measure of atmospheric p articulate m atter having diameter less than 2.5 µ m (diameter of a human hair is ≈ 50 − 70 µ m).

Air quality in Beijing Problem Interest lies in understanding the quality of air in Beijing, China. A measure of that quality is PM2.5 which determines an Air Quality Index . This is a measure of atmospheric p articulate m atter having diameter less than 2.5 µ m (diameter of a human hair is ≈ 50 − 70 µ m). Plan The plan is to regularly (hourly) collect data on pm2.5 and meteorological variates in Beijing over a sustained time period (a few years).

Air quality in Beijing Problem Interest lies in understanding the quality of air in Beijing, China. A measure of that quality is PM2.5 which determines an Air Quality Index . This is a measure of atmospheric p articulate m atter having diameter less than 2.5 µ m (diameter of a human hair is ≈ 50 − 70 µ m). Plan The plan is to regularly (hourly) collect data on pm2.5 and meteorological variates in Beijing over a sustained time period (a few years). Air quality can be measured at the US Embassy in Beijing and meteorological date from the Beijing Capital International Airport.

Air quality in Beijing Problem Interest lies in understanding the quality of air in Beijing, China. A measure of that quality is PM2.5 which determines an Air Quality Index . This is a measure of atmospheric p articulate m atter having diameter less than 2.5 µ m (diameter of a human hair is ≈ 50 − 70 µ m). Plan The plan is to regularly (hourly) collect data on pm2.5 and meteorological variates in Beijing over a sustained time period (a few years). Air quality can be measured at the US Embassy in Beijing and meteorological date from the Beijing Capital International Airport. Data Hourly data between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014 were collected (available in 2017 from the UCI Machine Learning Repository and on the course website as “BeijingAir.csv”).

Air quality in Beijing Problem Interest lies in understanding the quality of air in Beijing, China. A measure of that quality is PM2.5 which determines an Air Quality Index . This is a measure of atmospheric p articulate m atter having diameter less than 2.5 µ m (diameter of a human hair is ≈ 50 − 70 µ m). Plan The plan is to regularly (hourly) collect data on pm2.5 and meteorological variates in Beijing over a sustained time period (a few years). Air quality can be measured at the US Embassy in Beijing and meteorological date from the Beijing Capital International Airport. Data Hourly data between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014 were collected (available in 2017 from the UCI Machine Learning Repository and on the course website as “BeijingAir.csv”). A single table of 43,824 rows (each hour) and 12 measurements (+ the row number).

Air quality in Beijing Problem Interest lies in understanding the quality of air in Beijing, China. A measure of that quality is PM2.5 which determines an Air Quality Index . This is a measure of atmospheric p articulate m atter having diameter less than 2.5 µ m (diameter of a human hair is ≈ 50 − 70 µ m). Plan The plan is to regularly (hourly) collect data on pm2.5 and meteorological variates in Beijing over a sustained time period (a few years). Air quality can be measured at the US Embassy in Beijing and meteorological date from the Beijing Capital International Airport. Data Hourly data between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014 were collected (available in 2017 from the UCI Machine Learning Repository and on the course website as “BeijingAir.csv”). A single table of 43,824 rows (each hour) and 12 measurements (+ the row number). Questions What is the target population?

Air quality in Beijing Problem Interest lies in understanding the quality of air in Beijing, China. A measure of that quality is PM2.5 which determines an Air Quality Index . This is a measure of atmospheric p articulate m atter having diameter less than 2.5 µ m (diameter of a human hair is ≈ 50 − 70 µ m). Plan The plan is to regularly (hourly) collect data on pm2.5 and meteorological variates in Beijing over a sustained time period (a few years). Air quality can be measured at the US Embassy in Beijing and meteorological date from the Beijing Capital International Airport. Data Hourly data between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014 were collected (available in 2017 from the UCI Machine Learning Repository and on the course website as “BeijingAir.csv”). A single table of 43,824 rows (each hour) and 12 measurements (+ the row number). Questions What is the target population? The study population?

Air quality in Beijing Problem Interest lies in understanding the quality of air in Beijing, China. A measure of that quality is PM2.5 which determines an Air Quality Index . This is a measure of atmospheric p articulate m atter having diameter less than 2.5 µ m (diameter of a human hair is ≈ 50 − 70 µ m). Plan The plan is to regularly (hourly) collect data on pm2.5 and meteorological variates in Beijing over a sustained time period (a few years). Air quality can be measured at the US Embassy in Beijing and meteorological date from the Beijing Capital International Airport. Data Hourly data between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014 were collected (available in 2017 from the UCI Machine Learning Repository and on the course website as “BeijingAir.csv”). A single table of 43,824 rows (each hour) and 12 measurements (+ the row number). Questions What is the target population? The study population? The sample?

Air quality in Beijing - data PM2.5 concentration is measured in µ g per cubic metre.

Air quality in Beijing - data PM2.5 concentration is measured in µ g per cubic metre. For example, the PM2.5 concentration can be as low as 5 µ g/ m 3 or less on a very clear, non-hazy, day.

Air quality in Beijing - data PM2.5 concentration is measured in µ g per cubic metre. For example, the PM2.5 concentration can be as low as 5 µ g/ m 3 or less on a very clear, non-hazy, day. It also matters how long the PM2.5 concentration stays at a particular level.

Air quality in Beijing - data PM2.5 concentration is measured in µ g per cubic metre. For example, the PM2.5 concentration can be as low as 5 µ g/ m 3 or less on a very clear, non-hazy, day. It also matters how long the PM2.5 concentration stays at a particular level. For example, a 24-hour concentration of PM2.5 greater than 35.4 µ g/ m 3 is considered unhealthy.

Air quality in Beijing - data PM2.5 concentration is measured in µ g per cubic metre. For example, the PM2.5 concentration can be as low as 5 µ g/ m 3 or less on a very clear, non-hazy, day. It also matters how long the PM2.5 concentration stays at a particular level. For example, a 24-hour concentration of PM2.5 greater than 35.4 µ g/ m 3 is considered unhealthy. The health effects of various ranges have been described by the US Environmental Protection Agency as follows: PM2.5 Air Quality Index PM2.5 Health Effects Precautionary Actions 0 to 12.0 Good: 0 to 50 Little to no risk. None.

Air quality in Beijing - data PM2.5 concentration is measured in µ g per cubic metre. For example, the PM2.5 concentration can be as low as 5 µ g/ m 3 or less on a very clear, non-hazy, day. It also matters how long the PM2.5 concentration stays at a particular level. For example, a 24-hour concentration of PM2.5 greater than 35.4 µ g/ m 3 is considered unhealthy. The health effects of various ranges have been described by the US Environmental Protection Agency as follows: PM2.5 Air Quality Index PM2.5 Health Effects Precautionary Actions 0 to 12.0 Good: 0 to 50 Little to no risk. None. 12.1 to 35.4 Moderate: 51 to 100 Unusually sensitive individuals may expe- Unusually sensitive people should consider rience respiratory symptoms. reducing prolonged or heavy exertion.

Air quality in Beijing - data PM2.5 concentration is measured in µ g per cubic metre. For example, the PM2.5 concentration can be as low as 5 µ g/ m 3 or less on a very clear, non-hazy, day. It also matters how long the PM2.5 concentration stays at a particular level. For example, a 24-hour concentration of PM2.5 greater than 35.4 µ g/ m 3 is considered unhealthy. The health effects of various ranges have been described by the US Environmental Protection Agency as follows: PM2.5 Air Quality Index PM2.5 Health Effects Precautionary Actions 0 to 12.0 Good: 0 to 50 Little to no risk. None. 12.1 to 35.4 Moderate: 51 to 100 Unusually sensitive individuals may expe- Unusually sensitive people should consider rience respiratory symptoms. reducing prolonged or heavy exertion. 35.5 to 55.4 Unhealthy for Sensitive Increasing likelihood of respiratory symp- People with respiratory or heart disease, Groups: 101 to 150 toms in sensitive individuals, aggravation the elderly and children should limit pro- of heart or lung disease and premature longed exertion. mortality in persons with cardiopulmonary disease and the elderly.