Slide 1 / 43 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Progressive Science Initiative This material is made freely available at www.njctl.org and is intended for the non-commercial use of students and teachers. These materials may not be used for any commercial purpose without the written permission of the owners. NJCTL maintains its website for the convenience of teachers who wish to make their work available to other teachers, participate in a virtual professional learning community, and/or provide access to course materials to parents, students and others. Click to go to website: www.njctl.org Slide 2 / 43 Evolution Multiple Choice Review www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 43 1 There are approximately 8.7 million species living on Earth. What constitutes a single species? A Organisms that live in the same area and that compete with each other. B Organisms that have the same adaptations and that compete with each other. C Organisms that can produce viable offspring, whether or not they live in the same environment. D Organisms that have exactly the same alleles, and produce either viable or sterile offspring.
Slide 4 / 43 2 Traits which benefit an organism in its environment are referred to as adaptations. Which of the following is accurate regarding adaptations? A They are entirely the result of genetics. B They are the result of genetics and environment. C They can all change within a single organism’s lifetime. D They occur only when a new species arises. Slide 5 / 43 3 The theory of acquired characteristics can be attributed to A Charles Darwin B Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Gregor Mendel C Both Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin D Slide 6 / 43 4 Which of the following is accurate regarding the impact of the environment upon the inheritance of traits?? A Environmental factors can regulate the expression of traits. B Environmental factors can change the inheritance of traits. C Environmental factors cannot affect the expression of traits. D The only factor that impacts traits or their expression are genes.
Slide 7 / 43 5 During Darwin’s travels and investigations while aboard the H.M.S. Beagle, he noted that there were distinct variations in the beaks of finches. What was his hypothesis regarding these differences? A The differences were due to changes in behaviors of the finches. B The differences were because they arrived as separate species. C The differences were the result of acquired characteristics, based on each finch species food source. D The differences were due to changes over time, based on each finch species food source. Slide 8 / 43 6 The images below represent the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bird. How does these structures relate to one another? A They are analogous to one another. They are homologous to one another. B They are vestigial to one another. C The are identical to one another D Slide 9 / 43 7 Some organisms have structures or organs that seem to serve no useful purpose. For example, humans have a tailbone at the end of the spine that is of no apparent use. However, the tailbone of a possum, and some monkeys, is more fully structured and has a definite purpose. What conclusion is supported by this? A Possums and monkeys are more closely related to each other than to humans. B Possums, monkeys and humans have a common ancestor. C Monkeys and humans do not share a common ancestor. D These analogous structures do not support any evolutionary relationship.
Slide 10 / 43 8 The image below represents one area of study within evolution. What is this area of study? A Vestigial structures Comparative anatomy B Comparative embryology C Comparative mutations D Slide 11 / 43 9 What is the connection between apoptosis and evolution? Apoptosis is programmed cell death, which allows for reabsorption of structures not found in a fully developed A organism, as well as the development of some traits and structures, revealed during evolutionary studies. Apoptosis is programmed cell death, which results in the B addition of structures that can sometimes be confusing during evolutionary studies. Apoptosis is programmed cell death, which results in the death of an organism that is not viable within the C environmental surroundings, leading to the loss of species. Apoptosis is programmed cell death, which allows for mutations to be carried forward that may well results in a D new species, discovered through evolutionary studies. Slide 12 / 43 10 What characteristic of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) allows it to play a strong role in evolutionary studies? The genetic code for ribosomal RNA contains numerous introns, therefore we can utilize alternative RNA splicing to A track and study evolutionary relationships. B rRNA mutates frequently, therefore we can utilize these changes to track and study evolutionary relationships. rRNA is found throughout the cell, therefore we can utilize C its concentration within the cell to track and study evolutionary relationships. D rRNA mutates very rarely, therefore we can utilize its consistency to track and study evolutionary relationships.
Slide 13 / 43 11 What is meant by “molecular homology”? A Studying relationships between organisms at the molecular level. B Studying similarities between organisms in utero. C Studying similarities in the functions of related structures between species. D Comparing and contrasting the functions of different enzymes within a species. Slide 14 / 43 There are two graphs shown below that represent some ways in which natural selection affects populations. Respond to the next three questions based upon these graphs. Graph 2 Graph 1 Slide 15 / 43 12 There are snails that show variation in the color of their shells. Over time, those snails with very light shells and those with very dark shells become more numerous. Which of the graphs above reflect this type of selection process and what is this called? A Graph 1; directional selection Graph 1; disruptive selection B Graph 2; directional selection C Graph 2; stabilizing selection D
Slide 16 / 43 13 There are rabbits that show variations in size, from very small to large, when full grown. Over time, however, the population changes so that the variation in size becomes very minimal. Which graph reflects this change and what is this called? A Graph 1; directional selection Graph 1; disruptive selection B Graph 2; directional selection C Graph 2; stabilizing selection D Slide 17 / 43 14 Which of the two graphs shown above, would most likely (given the proper circumstances) give rise to two different species over time, and why? A Graph 1, because once organisms differ greatly in one trait they are a new species. B Graph 2, because those with variations will have to become a new species C Graph 1, because there are two distinct separate groups with this trait D Graph 2 because once a population has one variation of a trait, mutations will cause a new species. Slide 18 / 43 15 Below is a graph showing when mating activity occurs for both wood frogs and leopard frogs. This is an example of which type of reproductive isolation, that may lead to speciation? A temporal geographic B mechanical C behavioral D http://ib-bioplans.wikispaces.com/Species+and+Speciation+(D2)?newwindow=true
Slide 19 / 43 16 Bowerbirds (shown below) construct elaborate bowers and decorate them with different colors in order to woo females. The Satin bowerbird (left) builds a channel between upright sticks, and decorates with bright blue objects, while the MacGregor’s Bowerbird (right) builds a tall tower of sticks and decorates with bits of charcoal. This is an example of which type of reproductive isolation, that may lead to speciation? http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_44 A temporal geographic B mechanical C behavioral D Slide 20 / 43 17 Suppose a river forms through a squirrel’s habitat separating the population. Because they cannot cross the river, they are reproductively isolated. This is an example of which isolating mechanism? A temporal geographic B mechanical C behavioral D Slide 21 / 43 18 The study of population genetics refers to the examination of which of the following? A The occurrence of dominant and recessive genes in a variety of species. B The occurrence of mutations within one species throughout the world. C The frequency of alleles and how they change within a population over time. D The frequency of mutations when different species attempt to reproduce.
Slide 22 / 43 19 The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium measures microevolution. What is microevolution? A How evolution is occurring on a small scale. B How co-evolution between species is occurring. C Which type of reproductive isolation is occurring. D How many mutations are occurring on a small scale. Slide 23 / 43 20 Using the population described below and the Hardy-Weinberg equation, what is the frequency of the recessive allele? In a population of 16 pigs, 4 express the recessive phenotype of a black coat. The remaining 12 pigs are pink. A 0.75 B 0.125 0.25 C 0.50 D Slide 24 / 43 21 Using the population described below and the Hardy-Weinberg equation, what is the frequency of the dominant allele? In a population of 16 pigs, 4 express the recessive phenotype of a black coat. The remaining 12 pigs are pink. A 0.75 0.125 B 0.25 C 0.50 D
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