Ethiopian Renaissance and TVET Reform at a Glance September 2014
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect Outline 1. Background 2. TVET Strategy Aims, Principles & Key Issues Outcome Based Approach GTP Priority Sectors 3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect 1. Background 2. TVET Strategy Aims, Principles & Key Issues Outcome Based Approach GTP Priority Sectors 3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
Growth will be realized under the influence of Globalization Our goal is implemented at the era where Globalization laws are prevailing at international level, This implies, to continue as a country in a globalized world, competitiveness is required; if not Failed State position is inevitable, High performing human resource development and being technology innovator are pivotal factors,
Per Capita High Ethiopian Renaissance Income Income (‘000 ‘000 US$) $) 10 Upper Middle Income 5 Lower Middle Income Low 1 Income 0.1 25 55 Yrs. 02/03 07/08 12/13 17/18 22/23 27/28 32/33 37/38 42/43 47/48 52/53 57/58 Risk falling to the Middle-Income Trap Risk falling to the Low-Income Trap Challenge to expand Productive Capacities Challenge to imitate a wide range of into new Products, Technologies and different Products & Technologies manage the Transformation Process
Per Capita High Ethiopian Renaissance Income Income (‘000 ‘000 US$) $) 10 Upper Middle Income 5 Lower Middle Income Low 1 Income 0.1 25 55 Yrs. 02/03 07/08 12/13 17/18 22/23 27/28 32/33 37/38 42/43 47/48 52/53 57/58 TVET Led by Industry TVET Fully led by Industry TVET Led by & Education & Education & (Chambers) Training Sector Training Sector
Background (up to 2005/ 2006) Though TVET development growth continued in 2002/ 03, Core Problems persisted (e.g.) Training: Not focused towards Industry’s & Development Program’s Demand , Training provisions: Only Formal Training & center based, All Training areas: Time Bound, Quality Assurance: Centralized Curriculum, Trained graduates: Couldn’t get employment, Industries: Not competitive (locally, internationally), Stakeholders participation: Non-existent,
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect 1. Background 2. TVET Strategy Aims, Principles & Key Issues Outcome Based Approach GTP Priority Sectors 3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
National TVET Strategy 2007/8 Aim Principles Centers of Technology Transfer, Creating Life – Long – Learning, One Coherent Outcome - Based TVET System Flexible Training Provision, which includes Co-operative & In-Company Training Delivery, Formal, Non-Formal, Informal, Stakeholders’ Participation, Initial & Further Training Decentralization, for All Sectors Integration of all sectors to the TVET system, Key Issues 1 Policy & System Development 2 Occupational Standards, Assessment & Certification 3 Human Resource Development 4 Institutional Capacity Development 5 Cooperative & In - Company Training 6 Industry Extension & Technology Transfer
Outcome-Based TVET System Industry Industry Demand Occupational Assessment & Standard Certification led (Industry & Setting Development Programs ) Supply Cooperative & TVET In-Company Training (Competent led Provision (70/30) in Workforce & Industry & TVET Technology)
Priority Sectors of the Growth & Transformation Plan Priority Sec Sector Priority Sec Sector 3.5 Air Transport 1. Agriculture 3.6 Energy 1.1 Crop Production 3.7 Water and Irrigation Construction 1.2 Animal Production 3.8 Water Resource/Utility and Irrigation 1.3 Natural Resources Development & 3.9 Information & Communication Conservation Technology 2. Industry Development 3.10 Urban Development & Construction 4. Education & Training 2.1 Leather 2.2 Textile and Garments 5. Health 2.3 Metals 2.4 Cement 6. Culture, Sport & Tourism 2.5 Sugar 7. Trade 2.6 Chemical Manufacturing 2.7 Agro-Processing 8. Mining and Extractive 2.8 Wood & Bamboo Processing 9. Labor Affairs & Social 3. Economic Infrastructure Service 3.1 Road Construction 3.2 Railway Construction & Transport 3.3 Road Transport 3.4 Maritime Transport & Operation
A Concerted Effort Towa rds Demand Driven Technology Transfer and R&D
The Growth & Transformation Plan (GTP) Highly labor-intensive construction projects: The “Cobblestone Project”, (now fully private), The 85 thousand km universal rural road access program, inter-regional road initiatives, (becoming private), The Grand Renaissance Dam, (Government), 3 expansion and 9 new Sugar Manufacturing Plants with expected demand for competent workforce around 500 thousand in the area of house construction , sugar plantation and sugar manufacturing plant erection, (60/ 40: Gov./ Pvt.)
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect 1. Background 2. TVET Strategy Aims, Principles & Key Issues Outcome Based Approach GTP Priority Sectors 3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
Assure and sustatin International Competitiveness Education, Training, Research y Extension Industr try E Demand of Competent Competent Workforce & VET TVE Workforce & Competitive Technology MSE aining Cooperativ ive T Trainin pply Dir irect t Suppl Micro, Small, Industry Medium & Large Enterprises Sub-Co Contract acting Culture/ Economi mic c Industry Mine Trade Health Agriculture Infrastructure Tourism GTP Priority Sectors Market Competitive Product & Services
Education &Training and Research Institutions’ Linkage Investigate Industry’s demand and its problems, analyze existing world best practices & approaches and revise and improve present education and training system, Associate directly with development and produce competent workforce which can suitably contribute to growth, Facilitate requirements for teachers and students to participate in technology adaptation and transfer inside industry, Accumulate technological capability which can determine fast and continuous growth,
Education, Training and Research Institutes Coordination o UNI & Sector Bureaus in collaboration with TVET analyze Value Chain for identified Industry based on GTP Identifying process constrains Technology demand UNI / Research Identification o UNI / Research & Select best Sector Bureaus demanded Technology, conduct impact formulate design assessment & Best & develop blue identify new Impact Technology print Assessment Identification demands & Analysis o TVET selects competent o TVET produce MSEs, capacitate them prototype based on and transfer best formulated design & technology accordingly blue print o UNI Research, TVET & o Competent multipliers Prototype Technology the development through industry Development Transfer sector from the extension support economic corridor supervision enter to conduct series of tests manufacturing on the prototype
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect 1. Background 2. TVET Strategy Aims, Principles & Key Issues Outcome Based Approach GTP Priority Sectors 3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
General TVET Data (status: April / May 2013) Public TVET No Key Issues Planned Achieved % Institutions 1 Industry Lead Assessors’ Develp’t (L3 & 4) 2,708 2,410 89 Oromia 126 2 Accredited Industry Competency 178 258 145 Amhara 67 Assessment Centers (medium & big) Tigray 27 3 Industry Workers’ Competency Assessm’t SNNPR 23 Medium & Big Industries 145,176 81,262 60 Addis 32 MSE Operators 309,580 44,404 14.4 Farmers Ababa 1,621,908 44,022 2.7 Dire 2 4 TVET Trainees’ Competency Assessment Formal Training Dawa 174,821 121,990 70 Short Term Training 66.272 51,842 78.2 Afar 4 5 Cooperative Training Coverage 300,132 247,289 82 Beni-S 4 Gumuz 6 Short Term Demand Oriented Training 2,488,339 1,950,677 78 Gambela 2 7 Industry Extension Service to MSE 608,952 559,674 91.9 Somali 6 Operators Harari 2 9 Technology Transferred to MSEs 1,417 1,432 101 10 Wealth Generated by MSEs (Eth. Birr) 126.0 Mil. 138Mil. 109 TVET Institutions Nationwide 13,533 Current trainees Trainers in 9 Regions Public 365 Enrollment 404,041 Private 538 C Level = 9,596 Male: 50.2% NGO 31 B Level = 3,533 Female: 49.8% Total 934 A Level = 404
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