EPSCoR Project Research Components and Budget Overview University of - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

EPSCoR Project Research Components and Budget Overview University of Alaska Task 1: Development of Task 3: Cold Climate Operation Task 4: Social, Economic, Task 2: Technical Issues Associated Statewide Wind Energy gy M. Cullin M Cullin – UAA SOE (lead) UAA SOE (lead) and Political Challenges and Political Challenges with High Penetration of Wind ith Hi h P t ti f Wi d Database K. Keith – UAF ACEP G. Fay – UAA ISER (lead) G. Holdmann – UAF ACEP (lead) G. Fay – UAA ISER (lead) Joey Yang – UAA SOE M. Berman – UAA SER R. Wies ‐ UAF INE K. Keith – UAF ACEP S. Colt – UAA ISER R Peterson ‐‐ UAF INE J. Jensen ‐ Alaska Energy B. Muhando – UAF ACEP Authority State Agencies and World Class Utility Partners Industry Partners Outreach TDX Power Laboratories Northern Power Systems Alaska Energy Authority Kotzebue Electric Ass. NREL Sustainable Automation Renewable Energy Alaska Project Kodiak Electric Ass. SNL PowerCorp UAF Cooperative Ext. Services Alaska Village Electric Coop, Etc. Other Labs Prudent Energy Rural Campuses Other Universities HOMER Energy, Etc. gy, Funding in Match (through Additional competitively Task EPSCoR Budget AEA/DOE) awarded complementary funds Task I $300,000 N/A $75,000 Task II Task II $1 179 690 $1,179,690 N/A N/A ~$833 000 $833,000 Task III $200,000 ~$300,000 N/A Task IV $434,829 N/A N/A Project Management $583,656 ~$110,000 $60,000

1. Overview of Task II 1. Overview of Task II • The Task: Address technical issues associated with high penetration of wind. • Research Components: Research Components: 1. Develop transformative and efficient energy technologies to address high wind penetration challenges in Alaska: a) Operation in diesel ‐ off mode, b) Advanced energy storage 2. Wind power for space heating and transportation applications (smart grid applications, hybrid/electric transportation) 3. Advanced modeling ‐ wind analysis, design, and integrated modeling by an objective third party. d li b bj ti thi d t

1.1 High Wind Penetration in AK Isolated communities utilizing commercial wind ‐ diesel hybrid systems in Alaska systems in Alaska New State Energy Plan released in January 2009 shows strong wind potential in 116 communities (http://www.aidea.org/aea /)

1.2 Challenges to HP Systems Deployment in AK Technical Policy • Lack of dispatchable load and • High capital cost and general discounting of sustainability controllers to allow higher ‐ p penetration systems y • Perceived risk and associated higher financial costs • Perceived risk and associated higher financial costs • Lack of an established technology • Limited funding to support the development of track record diesel alternative systems • High and undocumented g installation and operation expenses • Limited capacity of the grid Institutional Institutional • Lack of trained personnel and the ability to keep trained personnel in communities • Environmental siting or other development concerns • Environmental, siting, or other development concerns.

1.3 Technical Solutions to High Penetration Challenges 1. Innovative technologies for grid ‐ forming g g g • Power electronic converters and other devices to enhance participation of the systems in voltage management and frequency control q y • Additional reactive power control and fault ‐ ride ‐ through capability, etc 2 2. Advanced energy storage Ad d • Batteries provide two specific advantages: a) Frequency stabilization (ms to seconds) q y b) Load shifting (minutes to hours) 3. Diesel ‐ off mode operation

2. Implementation of Task II.1 2. Implementation of Task II.1 • Approach: 1. Installation of a test bed to assess options for wind diesel hybrid power systems in Alaska to wind ‐ diesel hybrid power systems in Alaska to operate in a diesel ‐ off mode by testing state ‐ of ‐ art power electronics devices. p 2. Design control strategies, and identify suitable power electronic components and advanced power electronic components and advanced storage technologies for wind ‐ diesel systems in AK.

2.1 Test Bed for Diesel ‐ off Mode Operation • Test Bed Equipment 1. Wind Turbine Simulator, 100 kW, induction generator, 3 ‐ phase 480 VAC 2. Lead ‐ Acid Battery Bank, 336 VDC, 896 Ah nominal capacity 3. Grid ‐ Forming Power Converter, 200 kVA, 480 VAC, 60 Hz g , , , 4. Transformer, Isolation, 225 kVA, 480/277 V.

Test Bed (cont’d)

Diesel ‐ off Mode Operation (cont’d) Converter control algorithms are designed for operation under the following conditions: Diesel OFF state Diesel OFF state — no diesel gensets no diesel gensets online, the converter has to establish the grid frequency; the voltage regulator on the converter controls the field current so as to maintain the desired AC bus voltage. Diesel ‐ ON state — inverter operates in parallel with diesel gen ‐ sets and the WT. parallel with diesel gen sets and the WT. The energy produced from the WTs acts as a negative load, the diesel gen ‐ sets follow the load, and any excess power is used to charge batteries, if present, or is h b tt i if t i dissipated by the dump load.

2.2 Energy Storage Options by Time Scale and Complexity Viable technologies for Alaska:

Flow Battery Storage Testing @ACEP +ve Electrolyte: Vanadyl/vanadium sulphate ‐ ve Electrolyte: Hypovanadous V II /Vanadous V III Sulphate Electrolyte operating temp. range: 10 to 35 degC Allowable storage temp. range: ‐ 25 to 75 degC

Advanced Storage Analysis: 3. Recap • Battery performance testing Battery performance testing involves characterization in Diesel ‐ off Mode Analysis: relation to manufacturer’s • Short term Analysis: specifications. Aim is to verify p y Grid ‐ forming: Over voltage, under suitability for AK climate o voltage, over frequency, under ‐ Cycle life o frequency, trip tests, harmonics, DC Discharge rate current injection, unintentional o islanding, synchronization Duty cycle o Real and reactive load sharing Environmental conditions (temp., o o pressure, vibration, etc) • Long term research will be • Battery qualification will be based defined based on additional on equipment, personnel, funding: Satndby losses (if any) Grid simulation, o o Capacity Low load operation, secondary load o o management and prioritization, etc. Accelerated life and storage analysis o Controlled battery o charging/discharging g g/ g g 1. Adoption and field trials 1. Adoption and field trials Emission issues, etc 2. Reduction in cost of energy o