Emily Grace Important step in writing a research paper. Rather - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Chris Emily Grace

 Important step in writing a research paper.  Rather than gathering books and copying pages upon pages of text.  NOTECARDS!

 Note-taking seems like a tedious effort, but it really does pay off in the end.  It is like having a conversation.

 Plagiarism is the act of using someone else’s words and thoughts if they were your own.

 Handing in someone else’s work and claiming it as your own.  Using information of ideas that are not common knowledge without acknowledging the source.  Handing in a same paper for more than one class.  Using the exact language or expressions from a source and not quoting and citing the source.  Rewriting a passage from a source by changing small parts while using the same form.

 Always use quotation marks when borrowing terms or phrases.  Make a habit of using tags in your work to signal the reader where you got the information from.  Always cite borrowed material.

 If the material is something that is widely known to the audience, it doesn’t need to be cited.  Always ask if unsure.

 Helpful when note-taking for a research paper!

 1) For most of the last 500 years, imitation was the sincerest form of architectural flattery

 2) According to the National Institute of Health,  Percentage of U.S. born Mexican Americans who have suffered from some psychological disorder: 48  Percentage of Mexican immigrants who have: 29  Percentage of Mexico City residents who have: 23

 3) Houseflies not only defecate constantly, but do so in liquid form, which means they are in constant danger of dehydration.

 4) An increasing number of Americans have come to view Islam as a religion that encourages violence while a declining number say Islam has a lot in common with their own religion, The public remains divided over whether churches should stay out of politics, even as large numbers say they are comfortable with expressions of faith by political leaders.

 It is a “reduction of longer material into some brief statement that captures a basic idea, argument or theme from the original.”  It is just striping the material into the basics.  Cannot misrepresent material.

 *No more than 10 or 20 percent quoted material in a piece of work.*  Quote accurately.  Make sure it’s clear in your notes that what you’re jotting down is quoted material.  Beware of distorting a quote by using it out of context.

 May be hard to express the same emotions or feelings.  Author’s language may be hard to reproduce.  It is impossible to say it any other way!

 When we are taking notes, it’s important to listen to what the author or person is saying.  It is also important that we think for ourselves about what that person was saying and give our own take on it.  Remember that making knowledge is like having a conversation, you have to listen to what is known to find out something new.

 Many people use the note card method for taking notes, but this isn’t the best way to encourage dialogue.  You should take notes any way that involves one of two methods: listening and responding, or collecting and evaluating.  Going back and forth between information and what you think about that information will help with knowledge making.

 There are many different reasons for using a source but there are 4 main motives for using one.  If a source can extend your thinking.  If a source can provide necessary background.  If a source can support or exemplify a point you want to make.  And if a source can present opportunities for analysis and interpretation.

Notes from Source Fastwrite Response  Compile your notes from  Comment on them. a source- paraphrases,  Can be open ended: summaries, quotes. What was confusing  Collect material that’s about what you read? relevant to your project. Surprising? How might this be useful in your paper? What purpose might it serve?

 Make sure you write down material carefully and accurately.  Don’t forget to include the page number from the source of the borrowed material or idea. (Keep up with this as you go)  Use your notes in the left column as a trigger for writing in the right column.  Make sure to complete bibliographic information first.  Use questions to keep you writing and thinking.  Make the information yours; this form of note taking will remind you when you neglect your own thinking.

Unlike index cards, double- WARNING entry journals don’t organize your information well. This may take time and work to piece together information as you draft your paper.

Notes from the Source Freewrite  Let’s see. So the “spheres” of  “…today the once distinct showing films in theaters and spheres of theatrical and in home video have been home exhibition have “conflated.” What I think he means is that movies are now been radically conflated.” produced with both means of showing them in mind, which would seem to have implications for how they’re made these days.  (This is very informal, uses I , and own way to say things.)

 This is an alternative to the double-entry journal, still promoting a similar “conversation” between source and writer.  It begins and ends with a fastwrite, giving the researcher the last word.  More adaptable for those who prefer to write on computers.

Project: Research Paper Title Citation: Take down the full bibliographic information of the source. Date: 02/09/2012 What Strikes Me Most: A fastwrite, open-ended response to the reading. What strikes you as most important? What surprises you most? What do you remember best? Source Notes: Quotations, summaries, paraphrases, or key facts you collect from the reading. The Source Reconsidered: A second, more focused fastwrite about what stands out in the notes you took.

 This is an episodic approach to reading for research.  It document’s the writers narrative thoughts about the subject; developing several layers of response to each reading and re-reading.  It can begin to look like a research log.  The number of layers depends on the value of the source to the project.

Focusing Question: Source: First Layer: Story the Source- Read the source carefully from beginning to end, marking up your personal copy with underlining, etc. Then, tell the story of the text and how it developed: How did the piece begin? And then where did it go from there? How did it end? Second Layer: Rapid Summary- Reread selectively; circle or mark the lines or passages that seem most important or relevant to your project. Then, in your own words, summarize your understanding of what the source says about your topic. Third Layer: Narrative of Thought- Reflect on how this source has contributed to your thinking about the topic.

 Google Notebook Create a Google account. 1. Follow the “more” link on the Google homepage to 2. “even more”. Then scroll down to the “notebook” function. Start piecing together to research you have so far 3. by cutting and pasting text from the Internet site you’re using. Use the “comments” feature - making observations 4. will lighten your workload later. Use the “add labels” function to organize your info. 5. You can divide your notes into different categories 6. using the “add section” link. The search function at the top of the notebook lets 7. you hunt down a specific phrase in your notebook.

 Don’t give up on a narrow focus until you’ve dub more deeply for information!  Advanced Library Searching Techniques Vary search terms- try using other search terms 1. suggested by your research so far. You may also try searching using the names of people who have published on your topic. Search other databases- Academic Search Premier, and 2. InfoTrac Psychology are good sites. Check bibliographies- Scan the titles in the 3. bibliographies that seem promising. Use a bibliographic index- Bibliographic Index Plus 4. Consider using interlibrary loan services- often available 5. online. Troll government documents- www.firstgov.gov 6.

Vary search terms- Try searching using the phrase in 1. “quotation marks”. Also, consider doing Web searches on the names of experts on your topic. Use advanced search features- things like phrase 2. searching with operators like AND and OR. Use multiple search engines- Go beyond Google; try 3. Yahoo!, Ask.com, and specialized search engines relevant to your subject. Search the invisible Web- Direct search: 4. http://www.freeprint.com/gary/direct.htm, Infomine: http://informine.ucr.edu/, and Invisible Wed Directory: http://www.invisible-web.net/

1. Search Blogs- bloggers are observers of new developments, breaking news stories, and cutting- edge opinion. 2. Search Images- can dramatize your essay. 3. Listen to archived radio or podcasts- NPR.org 4. Check out YouTube- along with http://www.truveo.com/ 5. Search iTunes U- use a keyword search using “power search”. Results can include lectors, opinions, and reports