Effe ffect of of Bac acillus lar arvicide deon on em emer - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Effe ffect of of Bac acillus – lar arvicide deon on em emer ergent nt aq aqua uatic Chi Chirono nomidae in n a a tem temperate-wetlan and ec ecos osystem (Otta ttawa, a, Cana Canada) LIAM J. EPP U OTTAWA 2019

Non-target Organisms: Chi Chironomidae • Broad Spectrum vs. Selective insecticides • May harm non non-ta target t organism sms s (NTO) O) 4,5,6,7 • Chironomidae are closely related to mosquitoes (Culici cidae) Insecta Nematocera • Dominate wetland insect communities 2 3 • > 65 species in Ontario wetlands • Re Remova val would disr srupt or shift trophic c relationsh ships s 9,10,11 2 Lepper & Taylor (1998), 3 Webb (1969), 4 Dickman (2000), 5 Hershey et al. (1998), 6 Lundstrӧm et al. (2010b), 7 Lagadic et al. (2016), 8 Poulin (2012), 9 Lundstr ӧ m et al. (2010a), 10 Östman et al. (2008); 11 Duguma et al. (2015), Photo: Toronto Star

Non-target Organisms: Chi Chironomidae • Broad Spectrum vs. Selective insecticides • May harm non non-ta target t organism sms s (NTO) O) 4,5,6,7 • Chironomidae are closely related to mosquitoes (Culici cidae) Insecta Nematocera • Dominate wetland insect communities 2 3 • > 65 species in Ontario wetlands • Re Remova val would disr srupt or shift trophic c relationsh ships s 9,10,11

Expe periment ntal Des Design Emerg rgence ce Tra rap SOUTH MARCH HIGHLANDS CARP (CTRL) CONSERVATION FOREST (BTI/BTI2) • 15 15 BTI-tr treate ted (red) in Kanata & 15 CTRL ponds (green) near Carp • 9 9 BTI-tr treate ted, , 6 BTI2 (yellow) previously treated & 15 CTRL ponds

Results

Chironom ronomidae dae Emergenc ergence (y+1)) 1)) 10 (y og 10 e (log ance undanc Abund May Sept Week ek of Year ear CHI Individuals/Site/Week: 25.9 (BTI) & 38.7 (CTRL) 2018 p=0.003

Direc rect effec ects? Treatment Period Mid- June → August (May → Mid -June) CHIRONOMIDAE CULICIDAE

Annual nual Chiro ronom nomidae dae Emerge ergenc nce 1)) (y+1)) 10 (y og 10 e (log undance Abundanc

Redun dundanc ancy Anal nalysis: Combi bini ning ng Emerge ergenc nce e with h Env nvironm ronment ent ALL YEARS Ento & Environ Triplot RDA 1.0 BTI BTI2 Water.Temperature..Celcius CTRL 0.5 Average.Water.Depth..cm CHI CHI COL ARA RDA2 Conductivity..uS.cm OTH DIP HYM EPH ORT 0.0 ODO PLE HEM LEP CUL CUL -0.5 BOL -1.0 -2 -1 0 1 2 RDA1 • GLMM → Linear Modeling that accounted for intra -site variability dropped TREATMENT EFFECT in all models!

Biodi divers Species/ Taxa- Richness Shannon Diversity ersity P= 0.057

Conc Conclusion • Differences observed in Chironomidae counts are statistically attributed to DEPTH & other factors • Bti – effect was systematically removed from best-fit CHI emergence response models • Elevated Biodiversity in 2018 at BTI sites • Consistent increases in CHI counts suggest no shortage of food for insectivores

Questio ions? Thank you!

Supplementary Material

ARA CHI COL 0.7 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.4 CUL DIP EPH 0.7 1.0 Abundance [log10(y+1)] Treatment 1.0 BTI 0.5 BTI2 0.5 CTRL 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.3 HYM LEP ODO 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 Year

Dissolved.Oxygen..mg.L pH Conductivity..uS.cm 80 1500 8 60 7 1000 6 40 5 500 20 4 3 0 0 15 20 25 30 35 40 15 20 25 30 35 40 15 20 25 30 35 40 Water.Temperature..Celcius Average.Water.Depth..cm Ammonia.NH3..mg.L Measurement 30 60 Year 2 2016 40 20 2017 1 20 2018 10 0 0 15 20 25 30 35 40 15 20 25 30 35 40 15 20 25 30 35 40 Nitrate.NO3..mg.L Sulphate.SO4..mg.L Surface.Area..m2 2.0 90000 20 1.5 60000 1.0 10 30000 0.5 0.0 0 0 15 20 25 30 35 40 15 20 25 30 35 40 15 20 25 30 35 40 Year

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