Education at a Glance OECD Indicators 2019
OUTLINE
Tertiary education
Completion and attainment
In Israel, 60% graduate by the end of the theoretical duration of the programme compared to 39% on average Figure B5.1a Completion rate of full-time students who entered a bachelor's or equivalent programme (2017) % Completion rate by the theoretical duration Completion rate by the theoretical duration plus three years 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 United Kingdom Ireland Lithuania Israel Canada Norway Finland Sweden France Average Switzerland United States Iceland New Zealand Australia Estonia Brazil Flemish Comm. (Belgium) Portugal Netherlands French Comm. (Belgium) Austria Slovenia Chile
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 % 0 Korea in all OECD and partner countries Tertiary attainment has expanded in the past decade Canada Japan Norway Ireland United Kingdom Trends in tertiary educational attainment of 25-34 year-olds, 2008 and 2018 Israel Belgium Australia Lithuania United States Sweden France Spain Netherlands Luxembourg 2008 Switzerland Finland Denmark Estonia OECD average Iceland Austria 2018 EU23 average Poland Slovenia Latvia Greece Costa Rica Hungary Germany Portugal Italy Slovak Republic Czech Republic Table A1.2 Mexico Turkey Brazil
The gap is closing among younger adults OECD.Stat Share of tertiary-educated adults by age group, 2018 56% 51% 48% 48% 44% 42% 33% 27% 25-34 years 35-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years Israel OECD average
Good labour market outcomes
Percentage of NEETs (neither employed nor in education or training) among 25-29 year-olds, by educational attainment (2018) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 % 0 Greece Turkey NEET Those with tertiary education are less likely to be Italy South Africa Slovak Republic Below upper secondary Spain Chile1 Colombia Mexico Costa Rica Brazil Estonia Russian Federation France Belgium OECD average Upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary EU23 average Australia Poland Canada Israel Denmark Ireland Czech Republic Portugal Argentina Latvia Finland United States Slovenia Hungary Austria Luxembourg New Zealand United Kingdom Germany Tertiary Switzerland Lithuania Sweden Fig.A2.4 Norway Netherlands Iceland
Earnings increase with higher tertiary attainment … Figure A4.1 Relative earnings of tertiary-educated adults compared to those with upper secondary education, by tertiary attainment level (2017) Bachelor's or equivalent Short-cycle tertiary Master's, doctoral or equivalent Index 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 Chile Costa Rica Mexico Ireland Portugal United States Germany Hungary Lithuania Canada Spain Israel France Korea OECD average Czech Republic United Kingdom Poland Luxembourg Switzerland EU23 Average Latvia Australia Netherlands Estonia New Zealand Greece Finland Slovak Republic Belgium Norway Sweden Denmark Austria
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 Index Relative earnings of tertiary-educated adults compared to those with upper secondary education, by age group (2017) Chile … and with professional experience Colombia Ireland Costa Rica Portugal Hungary Mexico Slovak Republic Germany Czech Republic Lithuania 45-54 year-old workers Turkey France Spain United States Netherlands Poland OECD average Switzerland Austria Korea 25-34 year-old workers EU23 Average Luxembourg Israel Canada United Kingdom Greece Australia Latvia Italy Finland Denmark Norway Figure A4.2 Belgium New Zealand Sweden Estonia
The rewards are not all financial
Tertiary-educated adults are more likely to participate in cultural and sporting activities … Figure A6.2 Participation in cultural or sporting activities in the previoius 12 months, by educational attainment (2015 or 2017) Tertiary Upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary Below upper secondary % % 100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 Norway Sweden Netherlands Portugal Germany Estonia Belgium Spain Iceland Switzerland Finland Luxembourg France Denmark Czech Republic Slovenia United Kingdom Average Austria Ireland Latvia Lithuania Slovak Republic Poland Hungary Greece Italy New Zealand Israel Russian Federation International Social Survey European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions Programme
…and are also more likely to keep improving their skills through continuous adult learning Figure A7.1 Participation of 25-34 year-olds in education and training, by educational attainment(2016) Tertiary % % Upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary Below upper secondary 100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 Switzerland Netherlands Sweden Austria Norway France Italy Portugal Slovenia Luxembourg Ireland Germany United Kingdom Hungary Denmark Czech Republic Average Finland Latvia Belgium Spain Slovak Republic Estonia Turkey Poland Lithuania Greece United States New Zealand Chile Korea Canada Israel Costa Rica Japan Australia Russian Federation Adult Education Survey (AES) Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) or national surveys
Fields of study by level of tertiary education
The choice of the field of study changes at the doctoral level OECD.Stat Distribution of graduates, by field of study and tertiary level of education (2017) % 100 Agri., forestry, fisheries and veterinary 90 Natural sciences, mathematics and statistics 80 Information and Communication Technologies 70 Arts and humanities 60 50 Health and welfare 40 Eng., manufacturing and construction 30 Education 20 Business, administration and law 10 Social sciences, journalism and information 0 Doctoral or equivalent Bachelor’s or equivalent Master’s or equivalent level level level
Student mobility has increased
The number of international students has more than doubled in less than 20 years Figure B6.2 Growth in international or foreign enrolment in tertiary education worldwide (1998 to 2017) OECD Non-OECD Millions of students 5.5 Total, 5.3 5.0 4.5 4.0 Non-OECD, 1.6 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 OECD, 3.7 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 0 2 4 6 8 % Luxembourg =44 =47 Australia since 2010 in most OECD countries The share of international students has increased New Zealand United Kingdom Switzerland Austria Canada Czech Republic Netherlands Incoming student mobility in tertiary education in 2010 and 2017 Denmark France Hungary EU23 Total Ireland Belgium 2017 Germany Estonia Finland 2010 (or closest available year) Latvia Slovak Republic Iceland Sweden Portugal OECD Total Italy United States Saudi Arabia Lithuania South Africa Poland Russian Federation Slovenia Greece Spain Norway Israel Korea Turkey Mexico Chile Figure B6.1 China Brazil Colombia India
Main message Tertiary attainment rates for younger adults are not as far above the OECD average as for the older generation, but labour market advantages remain strong
Early childhood education and care
100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 % 0 high and keeps increasing Participation in early childhood education and care is United Kingdom France Israel Change in enrolment rates of children aged 3 to 5 years (2005, 2010 and 2017) Belgium Ireland Denmark Iceland Spain Norway 2017 Germany New Zealand Korea Netherlands Sweden Italy Latvia Hungary Portugal Japan Estonia EU23 average 2010 Slovenia Austria Czech Republic Luxembourg OECD average Lithuania Brazil Australia Mexico Russian Federation Poland Finland Chile 2005 Argentina Slovak Republic Indonesia United States Greece Figure B2.2 Colombia Costa Rica Switzerland Turkey Saudi Arabia
Enrolment rates of children under the age of 3 in all early childhood education and care (ECEC) services, 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 % 0 Emphasise on the early stages of ECEC Iceland (0 years) Note: Figures in parentheses refer to the age when ECEC systems start offering intentional education objectives. Luxembourg (0 years) Netherlands (3 years) Norway (0 years) Korea (0 years) Israel (0 years) Under the age of 3 Denmark (26 weeks) New Zealand (0 years) Sweden (1 year) Slovenia (11 months) Australia (0 years) Colombia (0 years) Under the age of 1 Germany (0 years) by age (2017) Portugal (0 years) Spain (0 years) France (2-3 years) OECD average EU23 average Age 1 Finland (9 months) Japan (3 years) Latvia (1.5 years) Estonia (0 years) Age 2 Lithuania (0 years) Brazil (0 years) Chile (3 months) Austria (0 years) Russian Federation (0 years)1 Hungary (20 weeks) Poland (3 years) Figure B2.1 Costa Rica (0 years) Mexico (1.5 months) Turkey (m)
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