Done by: Thandokuhle Manzi
The Study Area • Cato Manor is a working class area located seven kilometers from Durban's city center. • It is characterized by an array of housing settings which range from proper housing to government built houses(RDP houses), informal settlements to Tin houses (transit camps, provided by the government). • Mostly Africans are situated within the area but a few Indians are present as they have formed shops that locals can purchase from daily. • Cato Manor is though separated into three sections which are Umkhumbane, Cato crest and Wiggins.
Sample spread
Who were interviewed during the sample? Sample Profile • The survey was conducted within Categories (% sample) a range of informal settlement dwellers to those with provided RDP houses-30m square houses Women 71 with prepaid meters, flush toilets Men 29 and shower • The majority of respondents are Age (% sample) women whom are mainly house- 20 to 29 22.1 heads, pensioners, care takers and unemployed. 30 to 39 30.7 • 67.9% participants are single 40 to 49 27.1 • 24.3% Married 50 and above 20.1
There is little mobility as residents relocate within Cato Manor • A small proportion of 5% have lived in Cato Manor there whole lives • 33.6% have lived in the same household for 11-15 years • 16.4% have live 6-10 years and 9.3% have lived 1 to 5 years • 75.8% own their households • 21.1% live in rented rooms
Some residents reside in Cato Manor due to short distance to city center Reasons for settling in Cato Manor (%) Employment 52.5 RDP houses 32.4 Violence 9.4 Family Issues 5.7
Sources of income • 39% participants depend on Total household income (Rands) % Social Grants as there main source of income. 500-1000 27.9 • 12% are in the informal 1001-1500 28.6 trade sector • 35% are formally employed 1500+ 19.3 • 65% are unemployed Participants who didn’t • 9% have no sources of feel comfortable to answer 24.2 income
Water and Sanitation
Accessibility to drinking water • 64.2% are satisfied with the quality of water • 42% have private access to water for domestic usage • 27.5% use communal taps and 29.7% purchase water from water vendors. • There seems to be a fare share in the ways that people within the settlement receive water as most have their own taps or buy water from vendors and even use the communal tap
Situation of drinking water in Cato Manor • 32.6% Cato Manor residents pay between 0-R5 per month. • Only 2.2% receive free water. • Different tariffs are charged for domestic use based on the type of water connection they have and also the amount of water they use in a 30 day period. • Households with a full pressure water connection pay a fixed charge (based on the size of the water meters) if monthly consumption is greater than 6kl. • Each unit is allocated 9kl of free basic water for each 30 day period.
Most individuals in Cato manor are fortunate enough to have flush toilets though in some areas of the community a large proportion of people are still using the old fashion system of digging pits to get rid of their waste Maintenance of toilets % Toilet system used % No Facility/flying Private owner 3.6 toilets 0.7 Public/shared Household 33.6 latrine 24.3 Group of Flush 48.6 households 9.3 Individual pit latrine 26.4 Government 53.6
Sanitation Cont.… • 52.9% households have access to clean toilets • Only 0.7% pay to use sanitation infrastructure • Participants indicated that they preferred flush toilets
Many members of the community believe that proper toilet services should be provided by the government as it is only a basic human right and thus this service should be provided Sewage system • Of the 21.8% who use the used % pit latrine: Connection to -29.6% have it emptied public sewer 38.3 -33.7% dig new pits Informal connection to public sewer 33.6 Septic tank/Soak pit 33.6 Pit latrine 21.8
Methods of disposing water and Drainage over flow Methods of disposing grey What do you do when drainage water overflows? Drainage over flow % Disposed grey water % Poured into an open Nothing 35.7 drainage channel 51.3 Repairs done by the Pour it into the road individual 36.6 pavement 30 Community alias 1.8 Pour it into the pit latrine 15.8 Private company 8 Government 17.9 Flush down the toilet 2.9
Disposal of Garbage Garbage collected at a public spot. • The situation of garbage is Mode of disposing refuse worst in informal settlement from this household % surrounding as they do not Dump/ burn it on open have an organized mode of land 13.3 refuse collection resulting to Bring it to a public the polluting of collection point 25.8 Umkhumbane river bank Community brings it to a public spot 40.1 City collection system 8.3 Organised private collection 12.5
Health Care • Cato Manor Community • It directly serves a Health Centre is situated population of 70 000 at Umkhumbane; it has people a total of 16 beds in Medical Outpatient Unit • Access is made easy by the fact that the facility is situated within the catchments area near informal and formal houses
Health and Illness • 56.9% have not experienced any severe health threats for the past 6 months. • Majority 90.3% visited a government hospital whenever they fell ill. • 55.8% do not pay for medical attention • 60.2% are satisfied by the services you received
Education
Education is seen as an important tool to eradicate the continuous poverty cycle experienced in Cato Manor • Majority 60% participants have secondary education • 24.3% have primary education • An astonishing 7.9% have a tertiary degree or diploma • 7.9% have never had any education opportunities
• 71.6% participants pay for their children’s education
Most parents work in low paying jobs therefore it would be tough for them to send their children to school. • 80.5% children attend public schools
HOUSING AND RESIDENCY • 75.8% participates own their houses • 21.1% are renting rooms • 53% rent backyard rooms for monthly income • Majority 61.8% have 3-5 tenants renting backyard rooms • 62.5 have verbal agreements with their tenants • 67.1% pay between R700-R800 per month for a backyard room • 69.2 renting tenants have not had any increase on there rent charge since arrival
Electricity used per household
Cato Manor is home to about 93000 people with a future population estimated to be 170 000
Housing is a major issue which requires immediate attention • 62% own free hold tittle • Some RDP houses do not • 19.4% been evicted have access to electricity and water. • RDP Houses have water • Tin house were built as leakages transit camps- people where • This results to lack of trust relocated from their 2 between the people and the bedroom shack to a one government room tin house which they • 59.7% households have had to bath, sleep, cook and access to electricity eat in.
Security is a major issue in Cato Manor • In the past 6 months 68.7% participants have been victims of criminal activities. • 50% participants feel safe while 49% feel unsafe and 1% are unsure. • Participants believe that mob justice is the cure for criminal activities in Cato Manor as security should be provided by the police but recently mob justice has been increasing. Types of crime % Burglary 59 Violent crime 33 Other types of crime 8
Security The youth is of major safety concern of 38.9% 82% prefer neighbourhood action against crime over the police 49.6 participants believe that they need more police enforcement in their settlements 59.7% youth participant in drug and alcohol abuse
Political Participation • Cato manor has a vibrant political community. • 86.6% normally register as a voter. • 87.9% voted the previous year. • Due to poor service delivery, corruption and that people have been promised a number things but only a minority benefit only 68.9% participants will register to vote for the upcoming elections. • The majority of the people do not like the councillor, 57% participants know the councellor’s name.
Political Participation 50% Attend political rallies % Very Often 46.6 Rarely 53.4 People are loosing hope in the ANC which is their main political party due to certain individuals which exploit powers given to them to cater for the community
Conclusion • In Cato Manor people are not satisfied with their living conditions. • Government promised to keep residents in transit camps for 3 months and some have been living in the same conditions for over 8 years. • Residents seem to be satisfied with water, electricity, roads and street lights which they have been provided with. • Informal settlements are unhealthy, there is no garbage collecting services, garbage is disposed in the river. • People living in slums use pit latrines as main toilet systems.
Conclusion Contd.….. • The main problem in Cato Manor is of burglary followed by the high number of youth that participates in drug and alcohol abuse. • Political participation has decreased due to insufficient service delivery and corruption whereby the counselors sell RDP houses to willing buyers and on going Cato Manor protests.
Thank You!
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