Div. of Bioprocess Engineering School of Biotechnology, KTH Prof Gen - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sustainability activities at Div. of Bioprocess Engineering School of Biotechnology, KTH Prof Gen Larsson gen@kth.se

THE DEFINITION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY Biotechnology is the integration of natural sciences and engineering in order to achieve the application of organisms, cells, parts thereof and molecular analogues for products and services. European Federation of Biotechnology, 1980

THE LIGNOCELLULOSE BIOREFINERY non ‐ BIOTECH FUELS PRODUCTS ENERGY CELLULOSE BIOCHEMICALS HEMICELLULOSE Lignocellulose Pre ‐ Bioproduction SUGARS waste BIOMATERIAL treatment Aromatic LIGNIN Processing compounds Thermal Energy decomposition 3

PRODUCTS HIGH VALUE MATERIALS OR CHEMICALS EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION AREA :MEDICIN SURGICAL MESH POLYMER: polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)

HA PHA´s PLA PTT red: dicarboxylic acids yellow: diamines blue: alkenes, dienes purple: carboxylic acids Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011, 22:758 ‐ 767 green: diols

Waste biomass, examples  Sludge from wastewater treatment  Organic Municipal Solid Waste  Fishery waste e.g. shells from crustaceans o  Sugar industry waste Bagasse/molasses o  Forestry residues wood from forest management o waste streams from pulp and paper industry o  Agricultural waste straws, husks, cobs o  Animal farming e.g. whey from production o of diary products  Clothes recycling  Citrus peels  Chicken feathers  and more…..

PROBLEM: presence of different sugars Time Enzymatic Glucose Xylose Arabinose Galactose Total (min) saccharification (mg/g (mg/g (mg/g DS) (mg/g (mg/g DS) DS) DS) DS) After 313 ± 8 198 ± 11 25 ± 3 18 ± 3 555 ± 25 CELL TYPE 1: cannot grow on 5 ‐ carbons CELL TYPE 2: sequential growth: glucose>arabinose>xylose Saha B., Iten L., Cotta M., Wu V. (2005) Dilute acid pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification and fermentation of wheat straw to ethanol. Process Biochem, 40, 3693 ‐ 3700. Yields from dilute acid pretreatment at 140°C and enzymatic saccharification of wheat straw (7.83%, w/v DS)

BIOREFINERY TASK • Optimal use of the raw material (waste biomass) • Production of monomers for later polymerisation • Production of polymers with a range of different qualities Designed cell Unmodified cell

SERVICES REMOVAL OF PHARMACEUTICALS FROM WASTE WATER Käppalaverket Future: consortium for participation in the Baltic see project (EU)

TECHNIQUES • Activated carbon Ozonation • • Biofilters P P P P P P • Capture of pharmaceuticals (API´s) on cells with designed surfaces • Cells are grown to high density in biofilters