Disaster Risk Reduction Campaigns Risk Management TEAM CHARLIE 2 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRAINING FOR TRAINERS COURSE Disaster Risk Reduction Campaigns

Risk Management TEAM CHARLIE 2

Which DRR campaigns are in place in Grenada? TEAM CHARLIE 3

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Periodic crises

Sudden crises Ansafoto

Creeping crises

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Identify the hazards & risks Identify 3 major hazards in your opinion most probably in Grenada TEAM CHARLIE 11

Black Swans "Black Swan“ theory Taleb, Nassim Nicholas (2010) [2007], The Black Swan: the impact of the highly improbable (2nd ed.), London: Penguin, ISBN 978-0-14103459-1, retrieved 23 May 2012. The black swan theory or theory of black swan events is a meta-phor that describes an event that comes as a surprise, has a major effect, and is often inap-propriately rationalized after the fact with the benefit of hindsight. Be prepared to the unespected! Les Fraser - www.photoradar.com

Black Swans • Currently our approach to risk is "probabilistic“, and the probability of a tsunami seriously damaging the Fukushima Daiichi plant was extremely small. • But we should also consider a worst-case approach to risk: the "possibilistic" approach, as Rutgers University sociologist Lee Clarke calls it in his 2005 book Worst Cases: Terror and Catastrophe in the Popular Imagination . • In this approach, things that never happened before are possible. Indeed, they happen all the time. CHARLES PERROW Fukushima, risk and probability: expect the unexpected. Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, 1 Apr. 2011

Black swans • «To be wrong with infinite precision» (N. N. Taleb) • The disproportionate role of high-profile, hard-to-predict, and rare events that are beyond the realm of normal expectations in history, science, finance, and technology • The non-computability of the probability of the consequential rare events using scientific methods (owing to the very nature of small probabilities) • The psychological biases that make people individually and collectively blind to uncertainty and unaware of the massive role of the rare event in historical affairs TEAM CHARLIE 14

Black Swans Present hazards and disasters are no longer individual phenomena but “an interactive mix of natural, technological and human events.” James, K. Mitchell, (ed.) Crucibles of Hazard: Megacities and disasters in transition . Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 1999 , p. 484

Problems & Solutions “We can’t solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them” (Albert Einstein)

Identify the hazards & risks Identify 3 possible black swans in your opinion for Grenada TEAM CHARLIE 17

Identify the risks TEAM CHARLIE 18

Identify the risks TEAM CHARLIE 19

DRR campaign management Project manager • Project Team • Time factor • Meetings/agenda • Effective planning • Resources • Tools • TEAM CHARLIE 20

Build your own DRR campaign TEAM CHARLIE 21

Time factor • If a campaign objective is to change behaviours, ensure that communications are presented at an appropriate time for the audience to receive, consider and act on the messages. • The biggest resource requirement is likely to be time. Do not underestimate the sustained effort required to plan and implement a campaign, even if external support is available. TEAM CHARLIE 22

Planning a Campaign • When planning a campaign, there are some basic things to consider, including: 1. Objectives 2. Audience 3. Research & Concept 4. Delivering the message 5. Implementation 6. Timing 7. Utilising resources 8. Evaluating success TEAM CHARLIE 23

Objectives • Identifying objectives is a key starting point when planning a campaign. • Consider objectives in terms of what needs to change: it may be attitudes (awarenwess too) or behaviours so it is important to describe objectives accurately and specifically, and to identify how effectiveness will be measured. • The SMART approach serves as a useful reminder: objectives should always be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Timed TEAM CHARLIE 24

Target audience Think beyond the obvious: the primary audience for a DRR campaign might be kids, but there are many others who influence the process, including parents, teachers and friends. These will form secondary audiences, who might require a specific communications plan of their own. TEAM CHARLIE 25

identify the target audience • Scholars, youth • Teachers • Seniors • Families • Business • Rescue services • Local/national

Research • Google • Experts • Wikipedia • NADMA • CEMA • FEMA • WHO • … TEAM CHARLIE 27

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Experts vs. Memory TEAM CHARLIE 30

Non expert risk awareness

Hazard & Risk Hazard R=HxVxE H=10 V=10 E=10 Vulnerability Exposition R=10x10x10=1.000

Hazard & Risk Hazard R=HxVxE H=10 Protection V=3 E=10 Exposition R=10x3x10=300 Vulnerability

Hazard & Risk R=HxVxE H=10 Hazard V=10 E=1 R=10x10x1=100 Vulnerability Exposition

Hazard & Risk R=HxVxE H=10 Hazard V=3 E=1 R=10x3x1=30 Protection Exposition Vulnerability

Human presence and disasters 2000 1856 1820 Phenomena & disasters Fonte: Rizzolli S., 2004

Rockfall Ronchi (Bz) 23th Jan 2014

Human presence and disasters

Delivering the message • Recruitment campaigns • Specific Trainings • Public meetings • Social media • Games • DRR days • Flyers • Contests

Delivering the message • Messages should be clear, succinct and - most importantly - few in number. • Try to identify one key message for a campaign with two or three supporting messages that reinforce the central point. • Ensure that messages are appropriate for the audience • Do not be tempted to “say everything” TEAM CHARLIE 40

Delivering the message • New media , including the world wide web , should form a central part of any communications campaign. • The benefits include close control over message and presentation, ease and speed of updating and widespread acceptance across audiences. • Can also be used to present video and audio materials. The medium is generally passive so the audience needs to be encouraged to visit your site (different to social media). • It is essential, therefore, that your campaign is integrated with other elements such as publications TEAM CHARLIE 41

Communication channels TEAM CHARLIE 42

Social Media TEAM CHARLIE 43

Delivering the message TEAM CHARLIE 44

Delivering the message • Publications offer a tangible product that can be sent directly to the audience and provide absolute control over the message and its context. TEAM CHARLIE 45

Delivering the message • A media relations strategy can support other vehicles of communication by reinforcing messages delivered via direct channels of communication. • The “ third-party endorsement ” of media coverage (press, radio, TV) can add significant weight to a campaign although there are no guarantees about how a message will be used TEAM CHARLIE 46

Delivering the message • Advertising is another communication channel to consider. The costs of advertising preclude its widespread use, but used tactically it can prove effective, especially in reinforcing messages. • Advertising’s primary advantage is full control over message and presentation coupled with wide coverage, but it can be a complex and expensive vehicle to use and is not always appropriate. TEAM CHARLIE 47

Role of volunteers in DRR Campaigns TEAM CHARLIE 48

Effective communication • Language • Culture • History • Point of view • Tabus • Mistake TEAM CHARLIE 49

Identify a slogan 3 to 5 words easy to remember

Mascot, Gadgets

identify a testimonial

Evaluation • Evaluation is often overlooked but is a critical element. • In an environment where professional communications is not a core activity, justifying the time and expense of a campaign is important if it is to be taken seriously. • Consider campaign evaluation at the earliest stages of planning - objectives can then be set in a measurable way and the evaluation criteria can be defined and agreed in advance. Evaluation may include a repeat of any pre- campaign research to review opinions and attitudes, as well as media analysis to examine the coverage received. TEAM CHARLIE 53

Analyze the panel Find out the positive points and strenght TEAM CHARLIE 54

Workgroup 1. Identify a new topic 2. identify the best period 3. Slogan/mascot/testimonial 4. Logistics 5. Communication ways 6. Role of volunteers

Thank you! TEAM CHARLIE 56