Developments within GCOS Agenda item #24 Jean-Louis FELLOUS GCOS Space Rapporteur Presentation to the 26 th CEOS Plenary at Bengaluru, India 24-27 October, 2012
Scope of GCOS GCOS encompasses the climate components of: • the WMO observing systems (WIGOS: GOS, GAW, WHYCOS, ...) • the IOC-led co-sponsored Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) • the FAO-led co-sponsored Global Terrestrial Observing System (GTOS) • observational elements of research programmes (WCRP, IGBP, ...) • other systems contributing climate observations, data management or products which together form our overall global observing system for climate, and the climate-observing component of the GEO System of Systems The GCOS program: • assesses and communicates overall requirements • advises on implementation and reporting • reviews and promotes progress covering the observations, transmission and management of data, establishment of fundamental climate data records and the formation of products from them The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
Concept of GCOS The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
GCOS Operation GCOS functions through contributions from: • NMHSs, other national institutions and regional agencies • to the observing systems, including to baseline and reference atmospheric networks (GSN, GUAN, GRUAN, ...), following GCOS principles and guidelines • operating monitoring centres, an analysis/archive centre, lead centres, … • supporting the GCOS Cooperation Mechanism and regional activities • coordinating their specific national GCOS activities • Secretariats of contributing observing systems, related Technical Commissions, space- agency coordinating bodies, expert groups, … • GCOS bodies: • the Programme Director and staff at WMO • the Steering Committee • co-sponsored Panels for Atmosphere, Ocean and Land, and their working groups • Also working through representation on the WCRP Data Advisory Panel The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
Panels and Observing System Status Atmosphere (AOPC) and Land (TOPC) Panels have met this past year Change in GOOS governance delayed Ocean (OOPC) Panel meeting Panels keep observing-system performance under review • still many positives, despite funding pressures • concerns include: - some in situ network deterioration, real or threatened, including reductions in atmospheric composition measurements and maintenance of moored buoys - real or potential gaps or delay in provision of several types of satellite data, including altimetry, limb sounding, reference measurement and basic meteorological measurement from polar orbit The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
GCOS Continuous Improvement and Assessment Cycle The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
The GCOS Assessment Cycle Adequacy assessment • Second report on adequacy of global observing system published in 2003 Implementation Plan • primarily in support of UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) • detailed statement of actions that need to be undertaken by identified “agents of implementation” to address inadequacies • first published in 2004, with Satellite Supplement in 2006 Progress assessment • report on progress against 2004 Plan published in 2009 • led to revision of Implementation Plan in 2010, and Satellite Supplement in 2011 Process • prepared by editors and SC/Panel chairs based on input from workshops • drafts are subject to open review • presented to UNFCCC for consensus response of parties to the convention The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) ECVs are physical variables, or groups of related variables, for which provision of sustained observations and/or derived datasets is feasible, and that are important for meeting UNFCCC and other climate requirements Surface: Air temperature, wind speed and direction, water vapour, pressure, precipitation, surface radiation budget Upper-air: Temperature, wind speed and direction, water vapour, cloud Atmospheric properties, earth radiation budget (including solar irradiance) Composition: Carbon dioxide, methane, and other long-lived greenhouse gases, ozone and aerosol, supported by their precursors Surface: Sea-surface temperature, sea-surface salinity, sea level, sea state, sea ice, surface current, ocean colour, carbon dioxide partial Oceanic pressure, ocean acidity, phytoplankton Sub-surface: Temperature, salinity, current, nutrients, carbon dioxide partial pressure, ocean acidity, oxygen, tracers River discharge, water use, groundwater, lakes, snow cover, glaciers and ice caps, ice sheets, permafrost, albedo, land cover (including vegetation type), fraction of Terrestrial absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR), leaf area index (LAI), above- ground biomass, soil carbon, fire disturbance, soil moisture The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
ECVs An ECV is not a dataset or product. A dataset, climate data record or product that relates to an ECV may be called an ECV dataset, an ECV data record or an ECV product ECVs were first identified as such in the 2 nd Adequacy Report, stemming from the original GCOS concept of “Principal Observations”. Subsequent GCOS-IP and Satellite Supplements were structures around requirements for observing and deriving data products for the ECVs ECVs were recognized by UNFCCC CoP in responding to the Adequacy Report and IP. CoP requested Parties to report on their programs for contributing observations of the ECVs to the international community ECVs have been increasingly recognized since then, e.g. in the ESA Climate Change Initiative (CCI) and the European FP7 Calls & Projects 2010-IP revised the list of ECVs (unlikely to change until next IP revision) Concept is spreading: Essential (Ocean, Biodiversity) Variables The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
Partnerships GCOS is involved in a number of partnerships and collaborations • GCOS maintains close connection with CEOS and its Working Group on Climate • GCOS is invited by CGMS to report regularly to its Plenary • GCOS is participating in the Climate Monitoring Architecture activity • GCOS acts, together with EUMETSAT and ESA, in favor of establishing an ECV data inventory • GCOS and WCRP are eager to possibly hold a second workshop on the ECV data inventory, following the first GCOS-WCRP-ESA workshop on this topic, held in 2010 in Frascati GCOS celebrated its 20 th anniversary at WMO on 29 June 2012, in the presence of a large number of representatives of its sponsors and partners, including official space agency representation (ESA, EUMETSAT), and many of its visionary initiators The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
GCOS Future Plans Satellite Supplement to 2010 Implementation Plan published Dec 2011 • placing emphasis on requirements for products GCOS highly values CEOS coordinating space-agency response just sent to UNFCCC GCOS contributed to plan for Observation & Monitoring component of GFCS GCOS mapped out a proposal for next assessment cycle • liaising with UNFCCC • reviewing data needs for adaptation and service provision (2012-2013), linking with GFCS, UNEP and other initiatives • assessing general progress and adequacy (2013-2015), taking account of uncertainties identified by the IPCC 5 th Assessment process • formulating new Implementation Plan (2015-2016) Future activities will be subject to the outcome of a Sponsors’ review of the programme to be held over coming 12 months The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
Timetable for delivering the adequacy/progress report and new IP 2012 2012 UNFCCC IPCC GCOS GFCS GEOSS Report to SBSTA on SBSTA36 Q1 Q1 work plan up to 2016 observation vations & Q2 Q2 research dialogu ogue SC SC-20 20 Q3 Q3 WMO Cg-ext (GFCS) SBSTA37/COP1 P18 Plenary ary 9 Q4 Q4 Observation vations & research 2013 2013 (CEOS S response) GFCS implement. . Workshops ops on Q1 Q1 activ ivit ities ies Observation vation & w Review SBSTA38 Adapt ptat ation ion Monitor torin ing g and Fast Track Q2 Q2 research dialogu ogue Evalu aluation ation SC SC-21 21 Proje jects ts Q3 Q3 SBA Climate te SBSTA39/COP1 P19 AR5 WG I approval oval of observation vations Report Plenary ary 10 Q4 Q4 2014 2014 Workshops ops AR5 WG II and WG III GCOS/IPCC IPCC WG I and II Q1 Q1 approva roval l of Report SBSTA40 Q2 Q2 research SC-22 SC 22 Q3 Q3 AR5 Synthes esis is Report Plenary ary 11 Adequac acy/Pr Progr ogress Delive vere red d to COP20 Q4 Q4 SBSTA41/COP2 P20 draft t availab ilable le 2015 2015 SBSTA42 WMO Cg-XVII II Adequac acy/Pr Progr ogress Q1 Q1 Final l Report Congre ress ss Q2 Q2 Draft GCOS Impl. Plan SC-23 SC 23 Q3 Q3 Draft GCOS Impl. plan Plenary ary 12 Durban ban Platform form Q4 Q4 SBSTA43/COP2 P21 Final al IP Plan in 2016 to SBSTA45/COP2 P22
Thank you! The 26 th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
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