Department of Juvenile Justice Department of Juvenile Justice Overview of Program Changes Overview of Program Changes and Impact on Recidivism and Impact on Recidivism Presentation to Senate Finance Public Presentation to Senate Finance Public Safety Subcommittee Safety Subcommittee Barry Green Barry Green January 25, 2008 January 25, 2008
Juvenile Correctional Center (JCC) Juvenile Correctional Center (JCC) Populations Populations � Current population is under 1,000 (Was 1,462 in October Current population is under 1,000 (Was 1,462 in October 1999) 1999) � Commitments have dropped from 1,463 in FY2000 to Commitments have dropped from 1,463 in FY2000 to 863 in FY2007 863 in FY2007 � Since amendments made at 2000 General Assembly, to Since amendments made at 2000 General Assembly, to be committed a juvenile must have been found guilty of be committed a juvenile must have been found guilty of felony, or of a class 1 misdemeanor (but only with 3 or felony, or of a class 1 misdemeanor (but only with 3 or more prior class 1 misdemeanors or a prior felony) more prior class 1 misdemeanors or a prior felony) � Fewer commitments but longer average lengths of stay Fewer commitments but longer average lengths of stay Current population is smaller but more difficult Current population is smaller but more difficult � 2
JCC Populations (cont.) JCC Populations (cont.) � Almost 30% of current JCC population was committed Almost 30% of current JCC population was committed from Circuit Court (juveniles transferred and convicted from Circuit Court (juveniles transferred and convicted as adults) as adults) � Over 60% require mental health treatment Over 60% require mental health treatment � Over 1/3 are 18 years old or older (40% will be 18 by Over 1/3 are 18 years old or older (40% will be 18 by release date) release date) � Over 38% of commitments last year were for felonies Over 38% of commitments last year were for felonies against persons which is up from 25% in 2003 against persons which is up from 25% in 2003 3
Decrease in Intake Cases Decrease in Intake Cases From FY2006 to FY2007 From FY2006 to FY2007 � Total intakes for class 1 misdemeanants and felonies Total intakes for class 1 misdemeanants and felonies decreased by 3.0% decreased by 3.0% � Intakes for violent (person) felonies decreased 2.9% Intakes for violent (person) felonies decreased 2.9% 4
Changing the Environment Changing the Environment � Focus on preparing residents to return home Focus on preparing residents to return home � REACH REACH – – new incentive based behavioral management new incentive based behavioral management system system � Unit management Unit management � Improved coordination with Department of Correctional Improved coordination with Department of Correctional Education Education � Assessment and revision to substance abuse treatment Assessment and revision to substance abuse treatment � Increased socialization (intramural programming; Increased socialization (intramural programming; cognitive based programming) cognitive based programming) 5
Preparing for Reentry Preparing for Reentry � Pilot reentry through local detention Pilot reentry through local detention � Creation of specialized transition parole officers Creation of specialized transition parole officers � MOU with Department of Rehabilitative Services MOU with Department of Rehabilitative Services � Beaumont transitional housing and programming (opens Beaumont transitional housing and programming (opens this spring) this spring) 6
Preparing for Reentry (cont.) Preparing for Reentry (cont.) � Mental Health transition planning Mental Health transition planning � Work release Work release � Additional parole assessment for major offenders Additional parole assessment for major offenders � Implementation of Implementation of ‘ ‘Phoenix Phoenix’ ’ social and anti social and anti- -gang gang educational program educational program 7
*Results* *Results* � Recidivism has declined over 8 percentage points in past 2 years: 41.7% to 33.5% (new offenses consist of approx. 2/3 felonies, 1/3 misdemeanors) � (Recidivism definition – conviction for new class 1 misdemeanor or felony committed within 12 months following release) � 33% reduction in reportable serious incidents between FY2006 and FY2007 � 26.7% reduction in workers’ compensation claims related to contact with residents � (37.7% decrease in medical costs for WC claims) 8
12- -Month Reconviction Rates Month Reconviction Rates 12 JCC Releases FY 1998- - FY 2006 FY 2006 JCC Releases FY 1998 45% 43.6% 41.7% 41.0% 40.5% 39.2% 40% 37.2% 36.7% 36.3% 35% 33.5% 30% 25% 20% FY 1998 FY 1999 FY 2000 FY 2001 FY 2002 FY 2003 FY 2004 FY 2005 FY 2006 * The line denotes the amendment of * The line denotes the amendment of §16.1 16.1-278.8.14 which modified the commitment criteria 278.8.14 which modified the commitment criteria to a minimum of four misdemeanors to a minimum of four misdemeanors 9
Sex Offender Recidivism Sex Offender Recidivism � 513 sex offenders were released from Juvenile 513 sex offenders were released from Juvenile Correctional Centers from FY2002 through FY2006 Correctional Centers from FY2002 through FY2006 � Each sex offender was tracked from the date of release Each sex offender was tracked from the date of release through FY2007 through FY2007 � Total of 13 releasees were arrested and convicted of a Total of 13 releasees were arrested and convicted of a new sex offense new sex offense � Of the 13 new offenses, 10 were felonies and 3 were Of the 13 new offenses, 10 were felonies and 3 were misdemeanors misdemeanors 10
Sex Offenders Recidivism (cont.) Sex Offenders Recidivism (cont.) Release Year Release Year # Released # Released # New Sex Offenses Through FY2007 # New Sex Offenses Through FY2007 2002 115 3 2002 115 3 2003 92 1 2003 92 1 2004 98 2004 98 6 6 2005 101 1 2005 101 1 2006 107 107 2 2006 2 Totals 513 Totals 513 13 13 11
How Does Virginia Compare with Missouri? How Does Virginia Compare with Missouri? (2006 statistics) (2006 statistics) MO VA MO VA Age at which adult Age at which adult 17 17 18 18 Age can transfer to adult court Age can transfer to adult court 12 12 14 14 Age 10 Age 10-19 Census (2005) 19 Census (2005) 772,375 772,375 992,207 992,207 Population as of Feb. 2006: Population as of Feb. 2006: Commitments UCR Part I violent Commitments UCR Part I violent 110 110 312 312 Commitments UCR Part I property Commitments UCR Part I property 513 513 260 260 Commitments UCR Part II Commitments UCR Part II 564 564 407 407 Total Commitments Total Commitments 1,197 1,197 979 979 VA Census 10 VA Census 10-19 year olds is 28.5% higher than MO. 19 year olds is 28.5% higher than MO. VA committed population included 18.2% fewer juveniles VA committed population included 18.2% fewer juveniles VA commitments are for more serious offenses (does not incarcerate status offenders or VA commitments are for more serious offenses (does not incarcer ate status offenders or misdemeanants below class 1) misdemeanants below class 1) 12
Commitment Criteria Commitment Criteria � Virginia Virginia - - Guilty of felony or class 1 misdemeanor with 3 Guilty of felony or class 1 misdemeanor with 3 or more prior, separate class 1 misdemeanors or more prior, separate class 1 misdemeanors � Missouri Missouri – – Guilty of felony or any class misdemeanor, or Guilty of felony or any class misdemeanor, or a status offense a status offense 13
Recidivism Measures Recidivism Measures Definitions: Definitions: � Missouri Missouri – – reincarceration in state juvenile center within reincarceration in state juvenile center within 12 months of release from parole (does not count 12 months of release from parole (does not count offenses committed while on parole) offenses committed while on parole) � Virginia Virginia – – reconviction for class 1 misdemeanor or felony reconviction for class 1 misdemeanor or felony committed within 12 months following release from JCC committed within 12 months following release from JCC (whether or not reincarcerated; includes offenses (whether or not reincarcerated; includes offenses committed while on parole) committed while on parole) 14
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