CS 2304: Introduction and Tools Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS 2304: Introduction and Tools Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers Meet the Instructor • Luke Gusukuma • PhD Candidate (I’m NOT a doctor or Professor) • Master’s in Computer Science (Tech) • Bachelors in Computer Science and Flute Performance (Tech) • Research • Crowd Simulation • Virtual Reality • Hobbies • Swing dance • Ballroom dance • Flute Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers Force Add • https://www.cs.vt.edu/F15Force-Adds • 2304lsg@ Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers Some History and General Info • “C++ is a general purpose programming language with a bias towards systems programming.” • With a few exceptions C++ is a super set of C. • C++ is multi-paradigm language which supports procedural, object oriented, and generic programming. • Some history: • 1979: work begins on “C with Classes” • 1984: C with Classes is renamed to C++ • 1998: ISO Standard, C++98 • 2011: New Standard, C++11 Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers A First Program #include <iostream> // load declarations for iostream // library functions for I/O using namespace std; int main(){ // mandatory fn cout << "Hello, world!\n”; // output to console return 0; // exit fn (& pgm) } • #include – Similar to import in Java • Has a LOT more nuances and differences • “using namespace” – Similar to Packages in Java • main – must have a return type of int, typically returns exit code status from <cstdlib> • E.g. EXIT_SUCCESS , EXIT_FAILURE , etc. Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers The C++ Standard Library • The C++ Standard Library includes a fairly large collection of types and functions. • The declarations of these are placed into a collection of header files, which are part of the distribution of every C++ compiler. • The implementations are placed into a collection of source files, which are then pre-compiled into binary library files (also part of every C++ compiler distribution). • C++ programmers incorporate portions of the Standard Library into their programs by making use of #include directive . Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers Java and C++ Comparison • Naming rules are the same. But… customary conventions differ. • http://geosoft.no/development/cppstyle.html • Declaration syntax is the same, but semantics are different • Scoping rules are similar, within a file at least • Many reserved words are the same, with the same meanings, but ALL (almost) reserved words in C++ and ALL (almost) Standard Library identifiers are purely lower-case • Operator symbols, expressions, and order of operations are generally the same • The basic control structures (if, for, while, …) have the same syntax and semantics • Function call/return syntax and semantics are the same; as with Java, function parameters can only be passed into a function by value Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers Conditionals and Loops Thou shalt • C++ includes • if… NOT • if…else • switch… • while… goto • for… • do…while • C++ also has a goto statement for unconditional branching Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers int main(){ int a = 0; for(int i = 0; I < 10; i++) { Core Differences vs. Java int a = 1; } return a; } • A C++ program is both procedural and object oriented • In C++, you manage your own memory • Scope Rules are slightly different; a name declared within a block is strictly local to the block. • In most cases, C++ variables are not automatically initialized at all Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers Memory Management • There is a new operator but… • No garbage collection • Deallocation is the responsibility of the programmer Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers Getting Started • IDEs • Text editor and command line • Eclipse • Can be setup to be cross platform • Code::Blocks • Cross platform • gcc4.8 • Visual Studio • NOT Cross-Platform • Visual Studio Code • ??? Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014