CRANIAL TECHNIQUE OSTEOPATHIQUE PRESENTATION
p1 INTRODUCTION - The life appears by the movement. Since the cell that we see under the microscope, to the animated bodies them also of a certain dynamism. These organic movements create in their turn various functions of the human body, the unit expressing our life. - Each function is expressed on its organic level, by a movement which is clean for it. There is thus, for each structure, at every moment, a variable and different state. - It is the same at the cranial level, whose plasticity is allowed by all. This unit is made up by the various bones of the vault and the base. And the sutures which connect them, present each one, of the particular movements, but with a synergy of the unit. - The plasticity of the bones, united with these micro - movements constitute the dynamics of this system. - Historically our predecessors had perceived it perfectly, since in many parts of the world, I met traditional practitioners who use more or less elaborate cranial techniques. - But this is at the end of century XVIIIº, that in the U.S.A. and then in Europe, these techniques were explained, classified, improved and gradually codified. - Like any articulation, that of skull must be free between the two parts which constitute it. - In the contrary case, it then occurs a modification of its operation which can result in a deterioration in its dynamics. If it occurs an additional constraint, this articulation cannot then answer these new functional requirements, : the conditions with the installation of a pathology will be met, where this restriction of mobility appeared.
p2 - - It is known that this barrier requires to be solicited by the function to appear. - From where the name of functional barrier. - Posing his hands on skull, the therapist will perceive these barriers, which will enable him to then restore by its action a normal mobility where he had perceived this restriction of mobility. - How does it perceive it? Simply with its five directions which is the most natural means for decoding the messages of abnormal operation of the human body. - On the one hand, it sensitively records deteriorations of the function, which can be sometimes also visible and, on the other hand, it questions each articulation manually : examination of mobility, tests of tissue resistance, rebound at the end of the movement signing the state of conjunctive tissue, etc ......This manual approach renewed at the end of the processing will enable him to realize also of its effectiveness. The Greek philosopher Aristóteles “ the man is intelligent because it has a - hand ”. The history of humanity also teaches us that in its evolution “ l’homo habilis” (the - man with tools) has preceded “l’homo sapiens” (the man who thinks) . - Let us draw the conclusions from them during practicing soft handling of which each one, appropriate to the cranial articular level considered, will involve the elimination thus of this functional barrier. Recovered lost freedom, the function will be restored where beforehand a functional deterioration, had allowed the installation of pathology.
p4 BASIC PRINCIPLES ANATOMY - - and - BIOMECHANICS
p5 BASIC FOR THE CRANIAL TECHNIQUE The training of the cranial techniques has like the - anatomy basic which provides the structural substratum of it and biomechanics which then makes it possible to understand some operation. - The control of these techniques then will be acquired thanks to a progressive proprioceptive refinement, so much with regard to the plasticity of the bones that of the sutural movements . - These are two former qualities which will give the dynamics of the cranial mechanism.
THE PROPRIOCEPTION Like any direction, the proprioception is - born from the receivers of tact, is transmitted to the cerebral zones which make the analysis of it, according to the elements beforehand perceived which are the only references. What thus requires a tactile education for any activity not carried on before. What is the case in cranial technique here, because the movements are only of a few microns.
PROPRIOCEPTION (continuation) - One cannot teach perception, because. • it is not interpretable in words, • It is personal and function of its reference frame, tactile for the touch. • It is interpreted according to the state of the therapist. - One can thus only make live an experiment. - - It is that you teaches thanks to perception that you have some during the experiment. - - This practice is thus the ideal way, personal, regularly developed, by each attentive expert with what occurs.
ANATOMY - To understand cranial dynamics, made plasticity on the one hand, and micro-movements on the level of the sutures on the other hand, we must initially point out some elements of the cranial anatomy. - Firstly that the cranial system is composed of three subsystems having a different dynamics, because of their embryologic origin and nonidentical histological constitution: - 1º - the base of skull of cartilaginous origin. - 2º - the vault of membranous origin. - 3º - the face of the variable origins according to the bones.
The Base of the Skull p17 - The base of skull, of cartilaginous origin is traversed by tension fields which show us its capacities of strength to the various constraints. In the same way they indicate the vectors of action to us of as our techniques. It is considered, in cranial dynamics, like the motive fluid of this one.
The Vault of the Skull It is membranous origin, - which explains its greater flexibility, plasticity, and its little transmission of the constraints to the whole of the system. Therefore she is considered, - like adaptation, inside the cranial mechanism. It especially consists of bone - pairs.
THE FACE Unlike the two others subsystems which we have just seen, the face which is - made up of many bones which are juxtaposed or intricate. Moreover they are: - Not subjected to the reciprocal membrane of tension, - Animated by a number impressing of small muscles, - Not always subjected to the synergy of the whole of skull, - And can be mobile, independently of the cranial rhythm which we will study - front. For that it is considered, like the subsystem expressive of the cranial system. - – IN SHORT – The Driving BASE – The Adaptation VAULT – The Expressive FACE
p10 IN CONNECTION WITH CEREBRAL BLOOD CIRCULATION It seems important to us to initially point - out the particular anatomy of the brain, since although representing less than 5% of the body weight its operation can require more than 20% of the totality of glucose and the oxygen, that brings to him this blood circulation. However, arterial circulation does not - resemble that of the other bodies, according to Professor Lazorthes, world specialist on the matter. The brain does not have only one pedicle like the other internal organs, but blood is brought to him by 4 large arteries. Two internal carotids and the two vertebral arteries.
p10 ARTERIES OF THE BASE OF THE BRAIN
ARTERIAL CIRCULATION pp7,9
p9 Arterial circulation. Internal sight
p10 PHYSIOLOGY OF CEREBRAL ARTERIAL CIRCULATION - “The distribution of the cerebral vessels to separate territories anastomosis imposes the concept of blood currents juxtaposed, and relatively autonomous, though heard well functional”. ( Professor Lazorthes ) -
Dependence between circulation and cranial mini- movement p12 The examination of the vascular prints left on the inner face of the - bones of the skull (in the skull), in particular by the meningeal arteries, shows that their tree structure is done in range, opening towards the back lasting phylogenesis, in relation to occipital rotation on its transverse axis. It is the same of the venous prints as leave on the occipital one and - the parietal ones, the higher longitudinal sines, the right and left sines right and sigmoid. As well as other vessels, morphologically less important. Experiments led to the United States of America established in the - facts that the practice of the cranial osteopathic techniques increased cranial circulation, as well on the level of the arterial contribution as of the venous current.
VENOUS CIRCULATION pp12,13 - We have that the prints of the venous sines on the face endocranial were important, with, links privileged on the level of the vault. - It is important maintaining to also underline that these venous sinus restore this face endocranial, between the two layer of insertion of the external dura mater on these same bones. - One then understands easily how much the mini movements of bones, joints to the sutural separation will instigate the venous sinus, which we point out it to you do not have a valve.
p14 Endocranial Venous Circulation
pp18,19,20,21 SPECIFIC ANATOMY The cranial sutures - Although you know all the anatomy of skull, there are elements specific to the cranial osteopathic technique which you are unaware of. - In cranial technique, we attach an importance more particular to the suture, which are mini - surfaces slip allowing the changes in form of limps cranial as a whole. - Indeed, these sutures are bevelled, that is to say on the level of the external table: They look at then towards outside is with depend on the internal table, looking towards the interior.
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