CORRECTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES Trends in correctional - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶

Aug 15, 2023 188 likes •377 views

U.S. Department of Justice Presented by James P. Lynch, Ph.D. Office of Justice Programs Director Bureau of Justice Statistics May 4, 2012 CORRECTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES Trends in correctional populations, www. .gov

SLIDE 1

CORRECTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES

U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs

Trends in correctional populations, common perceptions of incarceration, and the role of corrections in society

Presented by

James P. Lynch, Ph.D. Director Bureau of Justice Statistics May 4, 2012

www. .gov

SLIDE 2

Figure 1. Adult correctional population on probation, in jail or prison,

r on parole, 1980–2010

1,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000 4,000,000 5,000,000 6,000,000 7,000,000 8,000,000 Total Prison Jail Parole Probation '10 '09 '08 '07 '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 '87 '86 '85 '84 '83 '82 '81 '80 Number

Note: Prison data based on custody counts. Includes inmates held in privately operated facilities. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Annual Parole Survey, Annual Probation Survey, Annual Survey of Jails, Census of Jails, and National Prisoner Statistics Program.

www. .gov

SLIDE 3

Figure 2. Adult correctional population and annual percent change, 1980–2010

1,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000 4,000,000 5,000,000 6,000,000 7,000,000 8,000,000

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 2010 2005 2000 1995 1990 1985 1980 Annual percent change Annual percent change Number 16% 20%

Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Annual Parole Survey, Annual Probation Survey, Annual Survey of Jails, Census of Jails, and National Prisoner Statistics Program.

www. .gov

SLIDE 4

Figure 3. Incarcerated adult correctional population in state or federal prison or local jail,1980–2010

250,000 500,000 750,000 1,000,000 1,250,000 1,500,000 Federal prison State prison Jail '10 '09 '08 '07 '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 '87 '86 '85 '84 '83 '82 '81 '80 Number Note: Prison custody counts are for December 31 within the reporting year; jail population counts are for June 30. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Annual Survey of Jails, Census of Jails, and National Prisoner Statistics Program.

www. .gov

SLIDE 5

Figure 4. Number of state prisoners, by ofgense, 1980–2009

100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 800,000 Public order Drug Property Violent '09 '08 '07 '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 '87 '86 '85 '84 '83 '82 '81 '80 Number

Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Prisoner Statistics Program, National Corrections Reporting Program, and Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities, 2004.

www. .gov

SLIDE 6

Figure 5. Violent ofgenders in state prison, by admissions and releases, 1980–2009

100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 800,000 Releases Admissions Total violent offenders '09 '08 '07 '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 '87 '86 '85 '84 '83 '82 '81 '80 Number

Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Corrections Reporting Program and National Prisoner Statistics Program.

www. .gov

SLIDE 7

Figure 6. Drug ofgenders in state prison, by admissions and releases, 1980–2009

50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 Releases Admissions Total drug offenders '09 '08 '07 '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 '87 '86 '85 '84 '83 '82 '81 '80 Number

Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Corrections Reporting Program and National Prisoner Statistics Program.

www. .gov

SLIDE 8

Figure 7. New court commitments to state prison, by ofgense, 1986–2006

20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 Public order Drug Property Violent '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 '87 '86 Number

Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Prisoner Statistics Program and National Corrections Reporting Program.

www. .gov

SLIDE 9

Figure 8. Parole violators admitted to state prison, by ofgense, 1986–2006

10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 Public order Drug Property Violent '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 '87 '86 Number

Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Prisoner Statistics Program and National Corrections Reporting Program.

www. .gov

SLIDE 10

Figure 9. Sentenced male prisoners under state or federal jurisdiction per 100,000 residents, by race and Hispanic origin, 1980–2010

500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 Hispanic males Black non-Hispanic males White non-Hispanic males '10 '09 '08 '07 '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 '87 '86 '85 '84 '83 '82 '81 '80 Rate per 100,000 population

Note: Data for whites and blacks from 1980 through 1999 include persons of Hispanic origin. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Prisoner Statistics Program and Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities, 2004.

www. .gov

SLIDE 11

Figure 10. Sentenced female prisoners under state or federal jurisdiction per 100,000 residents, by race and Hispanic origin, 1980–2010

50 100 150 200 250 Hispanic females Black non-Hispanic females White non-Hispanic females '10 '09 '08 '07 '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 '87 '86 '85 '84 '83 '82 '81 '80 Rate per 100,000 population

www. .gov

SLIDE 12

Figure 11. Drug ofgenders in state prison, by race and Hispanic origin

Note: Other race includes American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or other Pacifjc Islander. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities.

www. .gov

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 2004 1997 1991 1986 Other* Hispanic Black non-Hispanic White non-Hispanic Percent

SLIDE 13

Figure 12. Number of federal prisoners, by ofgense, 1988–2010

25,000 50,000 75,000 100,000 125,000 150,000 175,000 200,000 Public order Drug Property Violent Total '10 '09 '08 '07 '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 Number

Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Federal Justice Statistics Program.

www. .gov

SLIDE 14

Figure 13. Sentenced male prisoners, by age

500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 55 or older 45–54 40–44 35–39 30–34 25–29 20–24 18–19 Rate per 100,000 population 2010 2005 2000 1996

Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Prisoner Statistics Program, Survey of Inmates in State and Federal Correctional Facilities, National Inmate Survey, and Federal Justice Statistics Program.

www. .gov

SLIDE 15

Figure 14. State prison inmate deaths in custody, by age, 2001–2009

Age 54 or younger Age 55 or older 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2,877 2,942 3,165 3,129 3,172 3,239 3,392 3,452 3,408 972 1,055 1,171 1,204 1,237 1,302 1,550 1,628 1,624 1,900 1,885 1,989 1,923 1,934 1,936 1,824 1,783 1,842 Total Note: Detail may not sum to total due to missing data. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Deaths in Custody Reporting Program, 2001–2009.

www. .gov

SLIDE 16

Figure 15. Jail inmate deaths in custody, 2000–2009

Number Rate per 100,000 population 800 825 850 875 900 925 950 975 1,000 1,025 1,050 1,075 1,100 1,125 Number 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 Rate

Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Deaths in Custody Reporting Program, 2000–2009.

www. .gov

SLIDE 17

Figure 16. Parents in state prison and their children under age 18

500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 Number of children Number of parents 2007 2004 1999 1997 1991 Number

Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities, 2004.

www. .gov

SLIDE 18

Figure 17. State expenditures, by function, 1982–2010

Percent 20% 24% 28% 32% 36% Public welfare Education 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% Corrections Highway Health and hospitals '10 '09 '08 '07 '06 '05 '04 '03 '02 '01 '00 '99 '98 '97 '96 '95 '94 '93 '92 '91 '90 '89 '88 '87 '86 '85 '84 '83 '82 Note: Interpret with caution. Scale has been adjusted to show subtle changes in data. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Justice Expenditures and Employment Extract Tables.

www. .gov