Contents Introduction JEM-EUSO Science objectives Status - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ür Physik ür Physik E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory Status of the JEM-EUSO project H. Miyamoto, M. Teshima Teshima, R. , R. Mirzoyan Mirzoyan, , H. Miyamoto, M. J. Ninkovic Ninkovic, T. , T. Schweizer Schweizer J. Max-Planck-Institut f f Max-Planck-Institut Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory Contents • Introduction – JEM-EUSO – Science objectives – Status • Contribution of MPI – SiPM development and application study for JEM- EUSO advanced design • Summary and Outlook Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory The JEM-EUSO Collaboration 12 countries, >60 institutes, ~170 members EU Russia USA France Germany • Skobeltsyn Inst. Of Nucl. Phys., Moscow Univ. • Dubna, Joint Inst. For Nucl. Research • NASA/MSFC • Observatoire de Paris, • MPI fuer Phys. • Univ. of Alabama in Univ. Denis Diderot • Inst. of Astronomy and Republic of Korea • LAL, IN2P3-CNRS Astrophysics, Univ. of Huntsville Italy Tuebingen • LBNL, UC Berkeley • Ehwa W. Univ. •Yonsei Univ. • MPI Bonn • Univ. of Florence • UCLA • Ajou Univ. •Chonnam Univ. • Wuerzburg • CNR-INOA Firenze • Vanderbilt Univ. • ECAP, Univ. of • INAF-IASF, Palermo • Univ. of Arizona Erlangen-Nuremberg • Univ. of Palermo • MPI of Quantum Optics • INFN and Univ. of Rome • LMU “Tor Vergata” Japan Poland • IFSI-To/INFN, Inst. Di • RIKEN • National Astro. Obs. Fisica dello Spazio • The Andrezej Soltan Inst. • Konan Univ. • JAXA Interplanetario, Torino For Nucl. Studies • Fuki Univ. of Tech. • Kanazawa Univ. • Univ. of Torino • Univ. of Podlasie Inst. of Mexico • Aoyama Gakuin Univ. • Nagoya Univ. • Univ. gFederico Iih di Math. And Phys. • Saitama Univ. • STEL, Nagoya Univ. Napoli • Jan Kochanowski Univ., • Inst. de Ciencias • National Inst. of • Yukawa Inst. • INFN Napoles Kielce, Inst. Of Phys. Nucl., UNAM Radiological Sciences • Kyoto Univ. • INFN-Frascati • Jagiellonian Univ. Astro. • BUAP • Univ. of Tokyo • Kobe Univ. Switzerland Obs. • Tohoku Univ. • Kinki Univ. • UMSNH • SRC, Polish Academy of • ETH • ICRR • Hiroshima Univ. Sciences Spain • KEK • Hokkaido Univ. Slovakia • Univ. of Alcaia • Chiba Univ. • Tokyo Inst. of Tech. • Inst. Experimental Phys Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory EHECRs (GZK mechanism) EHECR CMB γ p CRASH!!! (Photopion Production) p π 0 γγ p π + π - µ - ν µ γ p µ + ν µ e - ν e ν µ e + ν e ν µ n π + Very rare µ + ν µ events!! Hiroko Miyamoto e + ν e ν µ MPI für Physik

Science Objectives E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory ~Main Objectives~  Astronomy with EHECRs Full success criteria : Detect more than 1,000 events > 7x10 19 eV  EHECRs (>5x10 19 eV) cannot come from > 100Mpc because of GZK cutoff  EHECRs are not deflected by galactic magnetic field (~nGauss) within 100Mpc  Possible EHE sources within 100Mpc are limited to GRBs or AGNs Simulation of the GMF Forecast in case of 1,000 events AGASA Brightness of particles ∝ X ray （ AGN ） - More than 1,000 events: E>7x10 19 eV - We expect to discover several dozens of clusters Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik Auger - Can observe the whole sky

Science Objectives E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory ~Exploratory Objectives~  EHE Neutrinos/Gamma-Rays Search JEM-EUSO ~no limitation of GZK cutoff r e w o  Neutrinos can travel without h s - H interaction from relativistic distance A t m  EHE photons may also o s p directly arrive at the earth h e r e (beyond the cutoff for the pair Earth creation) ν µ ν τ AGNs, GRBs CMB γ proton π 0 Hiroko Miyamoto γ MPI für Physik γ E = 10 20 eV

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory JEM-EUSO JEM-EUSO ~Astronomy with Astronomy with UHECRs~ UHECRs~ ~ Aperture ~ x 30 Auger South (Instantaneous ~x150 Auger) •UHECRs 2 x 10 6 km 2 sr yr (tilt mode) •UHE ν (tau) ~10 T-ton yr (Instantaneous 10,000 x IceCube!) Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory JEM-EUSO Telescope Structure Electronics Structure Focal Surface Optics 2.5m Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory JEM-EUSO Focal Surface (164PDMs = 0.2M pixels) MAPMT (6x6 pixels) 26.2 mm 2.26 m max JEM-EUSO baseline PD : Hamamatsu R8900U-08-M36-MOD 1 inch 36ch UBA MAPMT Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory Parameters of Instruments • Field of View : ±30° (Nadir mode) • Aperture Diameter : 2.5m • Optical bandwidth : 330nm ‐ 400nm • Angular Resolution : 0.1° • Pixel Size : 4.5mm • Number of Pixels : ~2.0 × 10 5 • Pixel Size at the ground : 750m • Duty Cycle : ~20% • Observational Area : 1.9 × 10 5 km 2 Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory Parameters of Mission • Time of Launch : year 2015 • Operation Period : 3 years (+2 years) • Launching Rocket : H2B • Transportation to ISS : un-pressurized Carrier of H2 Transfer Vehicle (HTV) • Site to Attach : Japanese Experiment Module/Exposure Facility #2 • Height of the Orbit : ~430 km • Inclination of the Orbit : 51.6° • Mass : 1880 kg • Power : 998 W (operative), 424 W (non-operative) Hiroko Miyamoto • Data Transfer Rate : 297 kbps MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory ~Contribution of MPI~ Photodetectors for JEM-EUSO focal plain advanced design For higher statistics and quality of rare events data, photosensors with higher photon detection efficiency is desirable (especially for tilt mode)… Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory New MAPMT M64 New MAPMT M64  High Quantum Efficiency ~JEM-EUSO JEM-EUSO advanced advanced design PD (I) design PD (I) ~ (QE>40%)  Higher Collection Efficency (CE~?) R&D are ongoing in Japan R&D are ongoing in Japan New Hamamatsu UBA MAPMT M64 M64 Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory SiPM/G-APD/MPPC SiPM/G-APD/MPPC  Single PE measurement  Gain ~10 6 ~JEM-EUSO advanced JEM-EUSO advanced design PD (II) design PD (II) ~  Ubias = 30~70 R&D are R&D are ongoing@MPI-HLL ongoing@MPI-HLL, , MPI-MEPhI MPI-MEPhI  P=50µW/mm 2 SiPM for TESLA  Npixel 400~14400 by Dolgoshein et al. MEPhI  Insensitive to Magnetic field  High Photon Detection Efficiency PDE = Fill factor x QE x Geiger eff. Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory Toward the application of SiPM to JEM-EUSO • PDE for UV region (Cherenkov, Fluorescence) is essential Fluorescence Chrenkov 337.1 Peak : 320nm~340nm @ Ze0 357.7 (Depens on Ze) 315.9 391.4 • Temperature dependence  Gain : breakdown voltage, over voltage  Dark rate Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik  Space-qualified

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory UV sensitive ve SiPM SiPMs s UV sensiti (Candidates for JEM-EUSO advanced design) (Candidates for JEM-EUSO advanced design) Hamamatsu (MPPC) 4x4 array of 9 mm 2 pixel device  Commercial device 16.5 mm  Large detection area!  Device is ready! MPI-HLL (SiMPL)  Used for 256ch prototype camera  Higher UV sensitive device developmen for JEM-EUSOt has 15 mm began MPI-MEPhI Fundamental tests (Dolgoshein SiPM) at wafer level are ongoing. Array modules will be 9 mm 2 ready next year! Aim PDE~61% in UV!! Simple structure, low cost PDE>45%@350nm!! See details in H. -G. Moeser talk Optical Crosstalk suppression!! for the project review on 14th! Hiroko Miyamoto 9 mm 2 MPI für Physik

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory Power Supplies PDE measurement 69.4V 39.3V -1150V 1.2V Setup DC/DC converter Func.Gen. Thermostatic Chamber@ -5 ° C @ 2kHz UV Diffuser Sync. Sig. UV fiber optics Detectors 1mm 2 core φ SBA-PMT UBA-MAPMT Preamp LED Dolgoshein Preamp 310nm ~ 450nm SiPM MPPC DAQ RC circuit Ch1 Preamp (Differenciator) Ext. Trigg. 4ch Ch2 Digital Ch3 Oscilloscope Hiroko Miyamoto Ch4 Preamp MPI für Physik

Devices E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory •LED (310 nm ~ 450nm) •Agilent Function generator (33250A @ 2kHz) •UV Tunable Laser (328nm @ 2kHz, full wavelength -> future work) •Edmund Optics UV transparent fiber optics (0.22NA, 1mm core) •UV Fused Silica diffuser •Digital Oscilloscope (LeCroy WavePro 7300A 3GHz Dual 20GS/s) •Temperature Box with Ar gas @ -5C Hamamtsu Hamamtsu Hamamtsu R8900U-08-M36-MOD R10408-MODULE Dolgoshein SiPM MPPC 1 inch 36ch UBA 1 inch, SBA PMT 9mm 2 , 100U 9mm 2 , 100U Hiroko Miyamoto MAPMT (Calibrated) MPI für Physik (with 3mm x 3mm slit) (with 3mm x 3mm slit)

E xtreme U niverse S pace O bservatory Analysis : Counting method ex. MPPC histogram Pedestal Pedestal 1PE peak PE # calculate with Counting : # of scaled pedestal events Using possibility of Poissonia n P( λ >0)=-ln(Nped/Nall) Signal Pedestal After subtraction (scaled) Hiroko Miyamoto MPI für Physik