Combined Heat and Power for Energy Savings, Environmental - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Combined Heat and Power for Energy Savings, Environmental Responsibility, and Resiliency CHP Workshop Augusta, ME April 3, 2019 S. David Dvorak, Ph.D., P.E.

Outline  Who ho w we are, w , wha hat w we do do  CHP CHP b basics  Exis istin ting Inst stalla llatio tions a s and T Technic ical P Potential tial  Proje ject P Profiles ◦ Energy gy C Cost t Reducti tion & Energy gy E Eff fficiency ◦ Envir iron onmental R l Responsib ibilit ility ◦ Relia liabilit ility & & Resili iliency  Technic ical A Assis istan ance  Resources es  Nex ext S Steps 2

DOE CHP Technical Assistance Partnerships (CHP TAPs) End User Engagement • Partner with strategic End Users to advance technical solutions using CHP as a cost effective and resilient way to ensure American competitiveness, utilize local fuels and enhance energy security. CHP TAPs offer fact-based, non-biased engineering support to manufacturing, commercial, institutional and federal facilities and campuses. Stakeholder Engagement • Engage with strategic Stakeholders, including regulators, utilities, and policy makers, to identify and reduce the barriers to using CHP to advance regional efficiency, promote energy independence and enhance the nation’s resilient grid. CHP TAPs provide fact- based, non-biased education to advance sound CHP programs and www.energy.gov/chp policies. Technical Services • As leading experts in CHP (as well as microgrids, heat to power, and district energy) the CHP TAPs work with sites to screen for CHP opportunities as well as provide advanced services to maximize the economic impact and reduce the risk of CHP from initial CHP screening to installation. 3

DOE CHP Technical Assistance Partnerships (CHP TAPs) Tarla T. Toomer, Ph.D. Patti Garland Ted Bronson DOE CHP Deployment CHP Deployment Manager DOE CHP TAP Coordinator [contractor] DOE CHP TAP Coordinator [contractor] Office of Energy Efficiency and Office of Energy Efficiency and Office of Energy Efficiency and Program Contacts Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Renewable Energy U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Department of Energy www.energy.gov/CHPTAP Tarla.Toomer@ee.doe.gov Patricia.Garland@ee.doe.gov tbronson@peaonline.com

CHP: A Key Part of Our Energy Future CONVENTIONAL System CHP System 30 30 units units Power Plant 94 Fuel 32% efficiency units Electricity Electricity (Including T&D) CHP 100 Fuel units 75% efficiency Onsite Boiler 56 Heat Heat Fuel units 80% efficiency 45 45 units units Total Efficiency Total Efficiency ~ 50% ~ 75% 30% to 55% less  Form of Distributed Generation (DG) greenhouse gas emissions  An integrated system  Located at or near a building / facility  Provides at least a portion of the electrical load CHP p prov ovid ides effic fficie ient, c clean,  reliable, a affordable e ene nergy – Uses thermal energy for: o Space Heating / Cooling today a y and for t the f future. o Process Heating / Cooling o Dehumidification Source: www.energy.gov/chp 5

What Are the Benefits of CHP?  CHP is more ef e efficien ent t than separate generation of electricity and heating/cooling  Higher efficiency translates to low ower o operatin ing c costs (but requires capital investment)  Higher efficiency reduces e es emiss ssions s of pollutants  CHP can also increase energy r y reliability a y and resiliency y and enhance power quality  On-site electric generation can red educe g e grid congestion on and avoid distribution costs. 6

Common CHP Technologies and Capacity Ranges 7

CHP in the U.S. Represents a Variety of Fuels, Technologies, Sizes, and Applications Industrial Insti titu tutional Utility S Scale Comme mercial Reside dential 8

CHP Today in the United States • 81.3 GW of installed CHP at more than 4,400 industrial and commercial facilities • 8% of U.S. Electric Generating Capacity; 14% of Manufacturing • Avoids more than 1.8 quadrillion Btus of fuel consumption annually • Avoids 241 million metric tons of CO 2 compared to separate production 9

Where is the Remaining Potential for CHP? 10

Projec ect S t Snapshot: t: Environmental Responsibility  Smith College  Northampton, MA  Application/Industry: College  Capacity: 3.5 MW  Prime Mover: Combustion turbine  Fuel Type: Natural gas  Thermal Use: Heating, cooling & hot water  Installation Year: 2008  Testimonial: “For several years, Smith has sought ways to reduce and manage the college’s environmental impact. This new cogeneration system is a significant step in Smith’s efforts to remain at the forefront of environmental responsibility.” - Carol T. Christ, former Smith College President Source: http://northeastchptap.org/Data/Sites/5/documents/profiles/SmithCollege3.5MWCHPApplication.pdf 11

Project Snapshot: Energy Security Bradl dley A Airpo port Windsor L Locks, C CT Application/ n/Indus ndustry: A Airpo port Capacity ( (MW MW): 5 5.8 MW MW Prime Mover: Re Recipr procating ng e engine nes Fue uel T Type pe: N Natur ural gas Ther ermal Use: H Hea eati ting, c cooling & & hot w t water er Installa llatio ion Y Year: 2 2002 High ghligh ghts: T The p primary m motivation for establishing ng t the he co combi bine ned h heat a and nd p power ene nergy ( (CHP) P) c center w was t to i incr ncrease e ene nergy secur urity, as the he a airport w was e enc ncoun untering numerous us p power outages f from i its c cent ntral power s supplie ier. A Addit itio ionally lly, t the airport want nted t d to l lower i its o operating ng c costs a and d decide ded d that a a CHP plant w would a d allow f for subs ubstantial o ope perating co cost savings w whe hen compared t d to c conv nventiona nal c cent ntral heating/cooli ling p plant. Source: http://northeastchptap.org/Data/Sites/5/documents/profiles/BradleyAirportpp.pdf 12 Slide prepared 6/2017

Project Snapshot: Power Reliability Toray P Plastic ics A Americ ica North Kin Kings gstown, R , RI Application/ n/Indus ndustry: M Manuf ufactur uring ng Capa pacity: 2 20 M MW Prime M Mover: Gas t turbi bine ne and r recipr procating ng engine nes Fue uel T Type pe: N Natur ural gas Ther ermal U Use: Spac ace h e hea eati ting, stea team a and chi hilled w d water f for i indu ndustrial proce cesses Installation Y Year: 2 2002 002 and 2 2014 014 Highlights: A A brief d disruption in power s supply c can ca caus use m manu nufact cturing t to g go d down f for a as l long ng a as eight ht hours, and t that l lost p produc duction t n time i is v very co costly. Now i in t n the he ca case of ins nstability o or a an outage on t the power er g grid, t the f e facility g goes a automat atical ally int nto i island m nd mode t to o operate indepe pende dently u using ng the C CHP s system. CHP h P has r reduc uced o d operating ng c costs and improved the r relia iabilit ility o of the f facil ilit ity’s e electric ic supply. y. Source: http://www.northeastchptap.org/Data/Sites/5/documents/profiles/TorayCHP.pdf 13 Slide prepared 6/2017

Project Snapshot: Resiliency and Disaster Relief South O Oaks H Hospital Amityville, N , NY Application/Ind Industry: H Healthcare Capacity: 1 1.25 5 MW Prime M e Mover er: Reciprocating e g engi gines es Fuel T Type pe: Natur ural g gas Ther ermal U Use: e: Stea eam, c cooling, h hot w water er In Installation Y Yea ear: 2 2007 Highligh ghts: After er S Super erstorm S Sand ndy, S South O Oaks continue nued t to p provide de c critical h health h services for t two week eks relying g solel ely o on i its CHP s system em. T They a admitted ed patien ents d displ placed ed from other er s sites es, r ref efriger erated v vital medicines es, and w welcomed ed s staff and l local c community to recharge e e elec ectronic d devices es a and shower er. South Oaks’ prev evious C CHP s system o oper erated c continuously through gh the N e Northea east Blackout of 2003 3 as w well. South O Oaks’ leader ership, m managem emen ent team, a and staff a agree ee that Source: http://energy.gov/eere/amo/downloads/chp-enabling-resilient-energy- infrastructure-critical-facilities-report-march CHP HP has s ser erved them w wel ell for m more t than 2 20 y yea ears. 14 Slide prepared 6/2017

Defining Resilience and Reliability  Resilien ence: e: the ability of an entity—e.g., asset, organization, community, region— to anticipate, resist, absorb, respond to, adapt to, and recover from a disturbance ◦ Reducing the magnitude and duration of energy service disruptions  Relia iability ility: the ability of the electric power system to deliver the required quantity and quality of electricity demanded by end-users Source: State Energy Resilience Framework, Argonne National Laboratory (2017) 15

16 Power Outages are Costly

Valuing Resiliency and Reliability Source: ACEEE –Valuing Distributed Energy Resources – CHP and the Modern Grid 2018 17

What was the cost of the August 2003 Northeast cascading blackout? What would be the cost today? 18