Colt International Ltd Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling CPD Technical Seminar 2018 “ People feel better in Colt conditions ” | www.coltinfo.co.uk “ People work better in Colt conditions ” “ People feel better in Colt conditions ” “ People feel better in Colt conditions ” | www.coltgroup.com | www.coltgroup.com | www.coltinfo.co.uk
CPD Accreditation Colt International Limited Colt have a number of CPD accredited topics including: • Car park ventilation • The general principles of smoke control • Pressurisation • Smoke shafts • Overheating common corridors • Smoke and fire curtains • Louvre • Evaporative cooling Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
A brief history of Colt Colt International Limited Founded in 1931 2016 UK turnover £30 million 2016 Group turnover £160 million Manufacturing facilities in UK, Holland & Germany Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Accreditations and Memberships Colt International Limited Accreditations Memberships • Achilles • Altius Gateway • CHAS • Construction Line • Safe Contractor • Worksafe Contractor • RoSPA ISO 9001: 2015 PPQ still required by clients ISO 14001: 2015 Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Colt Solutions Colt International Limited Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Smoke Control Colt International Limited Smoke Control SHEVS Smoke Pressurisation Smoke Shaft Car Park Smoke and Heat Containment Systems Systems Ventilation Exhaust Systems Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Climate Control Colt International Limited Climate control Natural Mechanical Evaporative Hybrid Ventilation Ventilation Cooling Ventilation Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Performance & Screening Louvre Colt International Limited Louvre Screening Shading Acoustic Ventilation & Rain Defence Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Service Colt International Limited Service 24 hour call out Spare Parts Surveys Nationwide Coverage Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Agenda Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 • Principles & Terminology • Design Approach • Product types, options & configurations • Limitations and concerns • Example projects & applications • Questions Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Principles & Terminology Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 • Adiabatic cooling or Evaporative cooling? - Without addition / removal of energy • Evaporation - Change of liquid to a gas - 2,436 kilojoules / gram - Heat energy taken from the air into the water vapour Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Principles & Terminology 2 Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 • Other important terms; - Dry Bulb Temperature – air temperature measured by a regular thermometer. - Wet Bulb Temperature – lowest temperature which can be reached by evaporation of water - Humidity – measure of the amount of moisture held in the air relative to the amount it is capable of holding. - Psychrometric Chart – graphical representation of the psychrometric process. - Adiabatic cooling = evaporative cooling . They are exactly the same thing, and often you will find both phrases used. Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Principles & Terminology 3 Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 • Practical examples of Adiabatic Evaporative cooling? - Wet your finger and blow on it - Get out of the sea or a swimming pool when the day is breezy - Perfume or aftershave on your skin Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
A proven technology Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 • Physical process • Ancient Egypt & Greece had quite complex systems to exploit it • Estimated to be millions of installations using the principle worldwide Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Applicability - Global Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 • Where is the technology applicable Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Applicability - Europe Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Agenda Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 • Principles & Terminology • Design Approach • Product types, options & configurations • Limitations and concerns • Example projects & applications • Questions Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Defining the problem / understanding the objective Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
No ventilation Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Outside 25 o C 35 o C in work zone 44 o C 25 o C 35 o C Room temperature: +10 o C higher than outdoor Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Natural ventilation Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Outdoor 25 o C Temperature drops by 8 o C to 27 o C Natural exhaust ventilator 32 o C + FCO 25 o C - 27 o C 3 o C higher than outdoor + air movement Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Natural and mechanical ventilation Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Smaller exhaust ventilators, Smaller supply air openings Better air movement … Mechanical Inlet 30 o C 26 o C 25 o C 26 o C 27 o C Inside 1 ~ 2 o C higher than outdoor + air movement Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Natural ventilation and adiabatic cooled supply air Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Temp. in work zone is lower than outside Evaporative+ Mech inlet 38 o C 22 o C 29 o C 32 o C 26 o C 24 o C Inside 4-8 o C cooler than outside + air movement + 100% fresh air Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Mechanical cooling Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 The solution completely changes… Chiller + AHU 40 o C 35 o C 16 o C 26 o C 24 o C Inside cool as you want , but… less air movement, no or limited fresh air Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Cooling stage model Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Compressor Cooling Lower indoor temperautre Higher running costs Higher investment Adiabatic Cooling Mech. Ventilation Natural Ventilation Nothing Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Evaporative cooling concept Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Example calculation Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 • 32 deg C & 40% RH • Resultant condition must lie on the enthalpy line Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Example calculation 2 Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 • Air temperature will reduce & • Relative Humidity will increase Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Example calculation 3 Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 So how much can I cool the air down by? The temperature which is reached is dependent on the temperature and humidity. The table below shows what sort of supply air temperatures can be achieved at a variety of external conditions. For example, an external outdoor temperature of 32°C and relative humidity (RH) of 40%, results in a supply air temperature of 23°C. That means the supply air temperatures is reduced by 9°C. It is possible to provide exacting values using the Colt Design Software. Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Example calculation 4 Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
Agenda Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 • Principles & Terminology • Design Approach • Product types, options & configurations • Limitations and concerns • Example projects & applications • Questions Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
A typical configuration Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Form and function of a standard evaporative cooler Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
A typical configuration Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 ❶ water distribution system, ❶ separated from the air flow ❷ Warm air ❸ Air stream, free from micro-droplets ❷ ❸ ❹ Drinking water ❹ ❺ Electrical energy ❺ ❻ Cooled air to building ❻ Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
More than just cool air Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling 2018 Taking on the air handling unit (AHU) role. Modern evaporative coolers do more than just supply cool air. Like a traditional AHU, they can be configured to provide additional air treatment like filtration , heating and warm air recycling. Meaning they really can provide an alternative to the AHU with year-round ability. Cooling ǀ Heating ǀ Filtration ǀ Warm Air Recycling. Expertise built on proven experience | www.coltinfo.co.uk
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