International Coal & Climate Summit Coal Conversion to Products Serge Périneau World CTX www.WorldCTX.com 1 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Coal Conversion • Framework – Why Converting Coal? – Technologies – Environment – Economics • Current Development – Commercial Units – Projects and Operations – International Co-operation www.WorldCTX.com 2 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Coal Conversion Why Converting Coal? www.WorldCTX.com 3 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
A Regional Security Issue Reserves of Conventional Fossil Fuels (Reserves/Consumption) 400 381 350 300 283 272 250 221 215 207 195 200 140 150 122 112 86 92 91 100 61 50 50 29 12 10 8 5 2 0 Asia- North-Am. South-Am. West- Eurasia Africa Middle East Pacific Europe Oil Gas Coal Source: BP Statistical Review 2012 Coal reserves modified for China, Indonesia, Mongolia www.WorldCTX.com 4 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Limited Logistic Capacities Logistic capacities: • capital intensive • often congested Logistic issues www.WorldCTX.com 5 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Coal Monetization Revenues compared to power US dollars / Ton of coal equivalent 500 400 300 200 Power 100 0 Power SNG DME Methanol Gasoline Olefins MEG China: Added Value USA: Revenues Sources: China: Asiachem (2012) – Xinjiang based prices USA: Siemens (2013) www.WorldCTX.com 6 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Coal Conversion Technology www.WorldCTX.com 7 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Technologies: Main Conversion Routes Indirect routes Natural Gas Methanation Synthetic Gas - CO+H2 USA, China 29 years Gasification Surface/ Underground Coal www.WorldCTX.com 8 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Technologies: Main Conversion Routes Indirect routes Natural Gas Methanation Synthetic Gas - CO+H2 USA, China 29 years Gasification Liquid Fuels Refining Fischer-Tropsch Surface/ South Africa, China Underground 33 years Coal www.WorldCTX.com 9 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Technologies: Main Conversion Routes Indirect routes Natural Gas Methanation Synthetic Gas - CO+H2 USA, China 29 years Gasification Liquid Fuels Refining Fischer-Tropsch Surface/ South Africa, China Underground 33 years Liquid Fuels Methanol Methanol To Gasoline Coal China 3 years Petrochemicals Methanol To Chemicals South Africa, China 15 years www.WorldCTX.com 10 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Technologies: Main Conversion Routes Indirect routes Natural Gas Methanation Synthetic Gas - CO+H2 USA, China 29 years Gasification Liquid Fuels Refining Fischer-Tropsch Surface/ South Africa, China Underground 33 years Liquid Fuels Methanol Methanol To Gasoline Coal China 3 years Petrochemicals Methanol To Chemicals South Africa, China 15 years NH3 - Urea Hydrogen NH3 Synthesis India, USA, China 31 years www.WorldCTX.com 11 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Technologies: Main Conversion Routes Indirect routes Natural Gas Methanation Synthetic Gas - CO+H2 USA, China 29 years Gasification Liquid Fuels Refining Fischer-Tropsch Surface/ South Africa, China Underground 33 years Liquid Fuels Methanol Methanol To Gasoline Coal China 3 years Petrochemicals Methanol To Chemicals South Africa, China 15 years NH3 - Urea Hydrogen NH3 Synthesis India, USA, China 31 years Direct route Liquid Fuels Dissolution Liquefaction Hydrotreatment Refining China 4 years www.WorldCTX.com 12 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Coal Conversion Environment www.WorldCTX.com 13 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Environment: Local Stakes Three steps: • Coal extraction by the mining industry • Conversion itself Need for water: 1 to 2 m3 per barrel: an issue in several regions – Major research in this field Ashes, gaseous and liquid noxious emissions: managed through classical chemical – processes • Combustion: synthetic fuels are purer than from conventional fuels. Volatile org. CO Nitrogen oxides Part. matter (<10 ppm) Sulfur oxides 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Source: Idaho National Laboratory (2007) www.WorldCTX.com 14 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Coal Conversion: Global Footprint Coal Conversion features two drawbacks: - [Carbon]/[Hydrogen] high ratio of coal - Energy consumption of the Conversion process Well to Wheels emissions (kg of CO2 equivalent per liter of diesel fuel) 6 5 +70% 4 +8% -11% Reference: conventional diesel 3 -50% 2 -83% 1 0 Diesel from CTL diesel CTL diesel CTL diesel CTL diesel, CTL diesel, crude oil w/o CCS with CCS with 38% CCS & 20% CCS & 38% biomass biomass biomass* Source: Princeton Environmental Institute (2013) www.WorldCTX.com 15 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
CCS Cost Breakdown ������� ������ ��� ��������� �������� � ��������� ���� ��� ���� �������� � ������� ��� �������� � �������������� ������������������������������������������� ���� In a CTL plant, CO2 is already captured www.WorldCTX.com 16 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Environment: Coal is most controversial March 26, 2009, World CTL Conference March 2, 2009, Washington DC (Reuters) « Coal is My Worst Nightmare » Steven Chu, Nobel physicist, U.S. Energy Secretary www.WorldCTX.com 17 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Coal Conversion Economics www.WorldCTX.com 18 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Revenues Compared to Power US dollars / Ton of coal equivalent 500 400 300 200 Power 100 0 Power SNG DME Methanol Gasoline Olefins MEG China: Added Value USA: Revenues Sources: China: Asiachem (2012) – Xinjiang based prices USA: Siemens (2013) www.WorldCTX.com 19 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Crude Barrel Price Equivalent Crude, $/bbl - Crude Oil Equivalent Nov’13 RIL Crude yearly average import price (source IEA) Brent WTI GTC IFP: Europe JP Morgan U.S. DOE ATK PEI IFP: USA Asiachem PEI Nal NRC U.S. DOE Acad. Yitai Shenhua SEI IFP: China U.S. JGC Shenhua National Rand JGC Research U.S. National Council Coal Council Technology providers 2006 2007 2008 2010 2011 2012 2013 2009 Source: World CTX www.WorldCTX.com 20 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Capital Expenditure Reported Capex - 40-50,000 bpd unit x000$ / daily bbl Jindal DOE PEI RIL Nal Acad. Scully Capital NRC JP Morgan OIL 44 NCC SSEB DOE Shenhua Technology providers 2010 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 Source: World CTX www.WorldCTX.com 21 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Coal Conversion Current Developments www.WorldCTX.com 22 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Projects and Operations Baotou 600,000 tpa 4.3 Mm3/d Great Plans, ND 20,000 bpd Ordos* Irkutsk 4,000 bpd Fox Creek Leuna Yitai* Serafimovskiy Mongolia Lu’An* Posco 4,000 bpd KIER Assam JAMG* RIL Jamnagar Geleximco 2,500 bpd Tata Sasol JSPL Philippines NFL Coal India Minerales CTL&Chem SNG Bumi & Sasol Projects Lubimbi Operations Waterberg Mmamabula Arckaringa Clinton Secunda Spitfire Oil Sasolburg Pecket Monash Latrobe 160,000 bpd L&M Lignite * In 2011 and 2012, Yitai, Lu’An, JAMG and Shenhua have anounced large extensions www.WorldCTX.com 23 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Coal To Olefins projections: China Chinese Coal To Olefins Capacity (mt/a) 25 23,65 20,7 20 17,3 15 12,7 10 6,6 5 2,6 1,76 1,1 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 0 Source: Asiachem 2013 www.WorldCTX.com 24 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
CTL projections: International Energy Agency x000 barrels/day India (World CTL’12) JSPL: 80,000 Tata Sasol: 80,000 NFL/Coal India: 5,000 RIL: 80,000 Shenhua 442 kbpd China (decided, 2012) Shenhua: 60,000 Lu’An: 40,000 JAMG: 25,000 Yitai: 10,000 Volumes remain low, but increase is significant. Sources: IEA – World Energy Outlook 2011 www.WorldCTX.com 25 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
International Co-operations and World CTX Presentations, networking, appraisal www.WorldCTX.com 26 International Coal & Climate Summit – November 13, 2013
Recommend
More recommend
