CNG for cleaner cities and road transport Alfredo Martn, January - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sales & Marketing Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit CNG for cleaner cities and road transport Alfredo Martín, January 2005

Fuel evolution in city / road transportation Fuel evolution in city / road transportation Fuel evolution in city / road transportation Due to environmental and/or economic issues, the shift from liquid oil to gaseous fuels has begun in many countries. • Low oil reserves • Large gas reserves • Population concentration in bigger cities • Heavier needs of transport vs emission levels CNG for cleaner cities and road transport • Poor city ventilation, have made this growing shift quicker and wider 2 2 2 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

Advantages of CNG for city / road transportation Advantages of CNG for city / road transportation Advantages of CNG for city / road transportation CNG fuel used in trucks and buses offers very significant advantages: • Much lower gaseous emissions • Much lower noise In the case of stoichiometric mixture combustion (Iveco choice), exhaust pollutants are well below the levels of the EEV (Enhanced Environmental CNG for cleaner cities and road transport Vehicle), very near the fuel cell level 3 3 3 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

CNG – – EMISSIONS. NOISE REFERENCE LEVELS EMISSIONS. NOISE REFERENCE LEVELS CNG CNG – EMISSIONS. NOISE REFERENCE LEVELS CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 4 4 4 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

NOISE EMISSION. Diesel vs vs CNG vehicles CNG vehicles NOISE EMISSION. Diesel vs CNG vehicles NOISE EMISSION. Diesel 100 dB 100-10000 Hz Diesel engine at 1 m. 95 dB 100-10000 Hz CNG engine at 1 m. 90 dB 100-10000 Hz 85 dB 100-10000 Hz 80 dB 100-10000 Hz 75 dB CNG for cleaner cities and road transport Sound levels 100-10000 Hz 70 dB 100-10000 Hz 5 5 5 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

EMISSION AND FUEL CONSUMPTION VS AIR/FUEL RATIO Optimum for 3 way catalyst adoption NO x NO x CO CO Fuel consumption Fuel consumption Optimum for Combustion Combustion consumption/CO2 instability instability HC HC CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 Lean Rich Rich Lean 6 6 6 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

CNG – – COMPARED EMISSIONS COMPARED EMISSIONS CNG – COMPARED EMISSIONS CNG COMPARED COMPARED NOx NOx EMISSIONS DIESEL EMISSIONS DIESEL vs vs ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 6 Euro 3 Diesel 5 i 4 Euro 4 CNG lean 3 EEV limits Euro 5 2 Hybrid CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 1 CNG IVECO stoich. Fuel cell 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 7 7 7 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

CNG – – EMISSIONS EMISSIONS CNG – EMISSIONS CNG GASEOUS EMISSIONS IVECO 8469 ENGINE vs vs PRESENT PRESENT GASEOUS EMISSIONS IVECO 8469 ENGINE AND FUTURE EUROPEAN LIMITS AND FUTURE EUROPEAN LIMITS 6 5,45 EURO 3 (2000) 5 EURO 4 (2005) 5 EURO 5 (2008) 4 4 EEV 4 Emissions [g/kWh] 3,5 3 3 2 2 2 1,6 1,18 1,1 1,1 0,78 1 CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 0,65 0,55 0,55 0,54 0,4 0,03 0,16 0,16 0,07 0,03 0,02 0,01 0 CO (Carbon NMHC (non-methane CH4 (mass of NOx (nitrogen oxides) PT (particulates) monoxide) hydrocarbons) methane) 8 8 8 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

IVECO CNG ENGINES IVECO CNG ENGINES Diesel Euro3 I generazione II generazione III generazione 100% Euro3 80% Euro4 60% EEV target 40% CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 20% 0% 9 PM CO2 CO NMHC NOx POTENZA 9 9 9 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

CNG EXHAUST EMISSION COMPARISON (1) CNG EXHAUST EMISSION COMPARISON (1) CNG EXHAUST EMISSION COMPARISON (1) REGULATED POLLUTANT EMISSION. VEHICLE IN OPERATION REGULATED POLLUTANT EMISSION. VEHICLE IN OPERATION (source: VTT Processes* report, 2004, E.E.V. certified engines **) COMBUSTION MIXTURE TYPE STOICHIOMETRIC LEAN-BURN IMPROV. HC, g/km 1.17 1.92 39 % NOx, g/km 2.17 4.50 52 % PM, g/km 0.008 0.016 50 % Stoichiometric Iveco engines, λ =1, don’t emit NO 2 , the pollutant that doesn’t seem to be decreasing in Europe, on the contrary to NO that has a decreasing trend. CNG for cleaner cities and road transport * VTT, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Transient Bus Emission Study ** Braunschweig driving cycle 10 10 10 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

CNG EXHAUST EMISSION COMPARISON (2) CNG EXHAUST EMISSION COMPARISON (2) CNG EXHAUST EMISSION COMPARISON (2) CO2 EMISSION, GREENHOUSE EFFECT GAS (GHG) CO2 EMISSION, GREENHOUSE EFFECT GAS (GHG) VEHICLE IN OPERATION VEHICLE IN OPERATION (source: VTT Processes* report, 2004, E.E.V. certified engines **) COMBUSTION MIXTURE TYPE STOICHIOMETRIC LEAN-BURN IMPROV. CO 2 , g/km 1046 1447 28 % (Diesel Euro 3, 1150 g/km 9 %) (Diesel Euro 3 + CRT, 1240 g/km 16 %) CO 2 EMISSION COMPARISON (% to DIESEL Euro3) D. E 3 D. E 3+CRT Lean-burn CNG Stoich. GNC CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 100 108 126 91 * VTT, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Transient Bus Emission Study ** Braunschweig driving cycle 11 11 11 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

CNG Iveco sales and running park (Europe) CNG Iveco sales and running park (Europe) CNG Iveco sales and running park (Europe) 1999-2001 2002 2003 2004 TOTAL DAILY - TRUCK & VAN 111 81 185 82 459 DAILY - IRISBUS 18 64 15 97 EUROTECH 1000 AUTOBUS IRISBUS 961 313 314 160 1827 3383 Final total The 1000 units of trucks are in: Spain: 550; France: 300; Italy: 150 CNG for cleaner cities and road transport IVECO is the major player of CNG in Europe, and the clear leader in buses 12 12 12 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

IVECO CNG ENGINES LINE UP IVECO CNG ENGINES LINE UP IVECO CNG ENGINES LINE UP SOFIM 2,8 l. NA 106 CV 8460 9,5 l. TC/TCA 218 to 310 CV TECTOR 5,9 l. TCA 200 CV CURSOR 7,8 l. TCA 270 / 310 CV CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 13 13 13 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

CURSOR F2G CNG ENGINE CURSOR F2G CNG ENGINE CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 14 14 14 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

IVECO DAILY CNG IVECO DAILY CNG IVECO DAILY CNG CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 15 15 15 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

EUROCARGO CNG EUROCARGO CNG EUROCARGO CNG CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 16 16 16 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

IVECO EUROTECH CNG IVECO EUROTECH CNG IVECO EUROTECH CNG CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 17 17 17 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

CNG Refuse collection fleet CNG Refuse collection fleet CNG Refuse collection fleet CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 18 18 18 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

IVECO CNG trucks for refuse collection in Madrid IVECO CNG trucks for refuse collection in Madrid IVECO CNG trucks for refuse collection in Madrid 379 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 42 50 2 CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 0 1994 2000 2003 19 19 19 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

IVECO CNG heavy trucks for refuse collection in Europe IVECO CNG heavy trucks for refuse collection in Europe IVECO CNG heavy trucks for refuse collection in Europe 700 633 600 500 435 400 300 210 200 149 107 100 25 CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 20 20 20 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

IRISBUS – – AUTOBUS CNG AUTOBUS CNG IRISBUS – AUTOBUS CNG IRISBUS EUROPOLIS CNG ZAMYAD BUS A60.11 (MOTORE 8149 ) CITY CLASS CNG 12 and 18 m CNG for cleaner cities and road transport BEIJING BUS TECTOR CNG 21 21 21 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

CNG BUS FLEET IN MAD CNG BUS FLEET IN MADRID CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 22 22 22 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004

IVECO CNG urban buses in Madrid IVECO CNG urban buses in Madrid IVECO CNG urban buses in Madrid 90 81 80 71 70 60 51 50 40 33 30 18 20 10 3 1 0 CNG for cleaner cities and road transport 1992 1995 1996 1997 1998 2002 2003 23 23 23 Data classification: Public Natural Gas Business Development & Product Unit October 2004