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Slide 2 / 44 Membranes & Enzymes Multiple Choice Review www.njctl.org
Slide 3 / 44 1 Cell membranes are __________________________ and regulate the materials moving into and out of the cell, in order to maintain equilibrium. A completely permeable ionically permeable B selectively permeable C protein permeable D
Slide 4 / 44 2 When we determine the direction and rate of solute movement we must consider the _________________________ both outside and inside of the cell, as well as the magnitude of the concentration gradient. A The concentration of all solutes added together B The concentration of water C The concentration of each solute independently D The concentration of ions only
Slide 5 / 44 Use the illustration below to answer questions 3 and 4. 20gNaCl 300ml water 2g NaCl, 20ml water http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=practice-regents-2
Slide 6 / 44 3 Using the information found within the illustration above, determine the concentration of NaCl outside of the cell and the concentration of NaCl inside of the cell. A Outside = .67g/ml; inside = 0.1g/ml Outside = .067g/ml; inside = 0.1g/ml B Outside = 66g/ml; inside =1g/ml C Outside = 132g/ml; inside 10g/ml D
Slide 7 / 44 4 Based upon the concentrations of NaCl inside and outside of the cell, the outside environment is considered to be ____________________ relative to the inside of the cell. A hypertonic isotonic B hypotonic C equatonic D
Slide 8 / 44 5 Solutes and water will diffuse into and out of a cell in order to maintain ________________________. A equanimity a concentration gradient B equilibrium C a concentration difference D
Slide 9 / 44 6 Using the illustration, which of the statements below correctly identifies the movement of the O2 molecules as well as the CO2 molecules? http://www.science-assessments.com/entry/diffusion-cell-water-2 A O2 will diffuse into the cell while the CO2 will diffuse out of the cell. B Both the O2 and the CO2 will diffuse out of the cell C Both the O2 and the CO2 will diffuse out of the cell D O2 will diffuse out the cell while the CO2 will diffuse into of the cell.
Slide 10 / 44 7 A cell will likely shrink or shrivel up when placed into a ______________________ environment. A Hypotonic Hypertonic B Isotonic C Neutral tonic D
Slide 11 / 44 8 During osmosis, diffusion of water molecules will move from A areas of low solute concentration to areas of high solute concentration B areas of high solute concentration to areas of low solute concentration C areas of equal solute concentration to areas of unequal solute concentration D areas of low water concentration to areas of high water concentration
Slide 12 / 44 9 Which of the following best describes the characteristics of the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes? A Fluid because the phospholipids can move and mosaic because the phospholipids form different shapes.. Fluid because the membrane has water between the phospholipids and mosaic because the phospholipids B differ from each other. Fluid because water can diffuse through the membrane and mosaic because different molecule types can also C diffuse through. D Fluid because of the movement of phospholipids and mosaic because of the proteins.
Slide 13 / 44 10 What do simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion have in common? A They both involved the movement of molecules from low concentration to high concentration. B They both involve the movement of molecules but facilitated diffusion requires energy. C They both involve the movement of large molecules that require special channels to diffuse. D They both involve the movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration.
Slide 14 / 44 11 How do carrier proteins and channel proteins differ in their roles within the cell membrane? A Carrier proteins are integral proteins while channel proteins are peripheral proteins Carrier proteins are utilized for both facilitated and active transport while channel proteins function only in passive B transport. C Carrier proteins function in passive transport while channel proteins function in active transport. D Carrier proteins function in osmosis while channel proteins function in active transport.
Slide 15 / 44 12 What is the purpose of active transport if molecules can already move into and out of the cell by diffusion or facilitated transport? A Some molecules must move down the concentration gradient and energy is required to accomplish this. B Water molecules need to move even when solutions are isotonic and energy is needed for this. C Some molecules must move against the concentration gradient and energy is needed to accomplish this. D Molecules that are too large to pass directly through the phospholipid membrane must use energy to pass through.
Slide 16 / 44 13 Some molecules are required by the cell for metabolism, however they are larger molecules and have a charge. What is the process most likely used to transport these molecules across the phospholipid bilayer, from higher to lower concentration? A Passive diffusion Osmosis B Active transport C Facilitated diffusion D
Slide 17 / 44 14 After comparing the concentrations, using like units, which way will the glucose diffuse? A Out of the cells B Into the cells C Net diffusion is equal D Cannot determine by the information provided
Slide 18 / 44 15 Assuming the glucose is the only solute, in which direction will osmosis occur? A Water will diffuse into the cell. Water will diffuse out of the cell. B Water is already in equilibrium C The solute will move out of the cell. D
Slide 19 / 44 16 The illustration below shows a lab set-up to simulate diffusion and osmosis across a semi- permeable membrane. Based upon the information provided, we hypothesize that the sucrose and glucose will diffuse out of the cell. Assuming the bag is equally permeable to sucrose and glucose, what can we predict regarding the rates of diffusion? A Glucose will diffuse at a higher rate than the sucrose. B Sucrose will diffuse at a higher rate than the glucose. C The sucrose and glucose will diffuse at the same rate. We cannot compare the rates given the D information provided.
Slide 20 / 44 17 The formation of a membrane has allowed cells to regulate materials coming into and out of the cell. This allows the cell to maintain _____________________. A an isotonic state homeostasis B pH conditions C temperature conditions D
Slide 21 / 44 18 While early cell membranes were primarily composed of phospholipid bilayers alone, cells have evolved to include proteins in their membranes structures. What is the primary function of these proteins? A They act as “doorways” to allow larger molecules to pass through the cell membrane. B They act as enzymes to break larger molecules into smaller molecules, to pass through the cell membrane. C They act only in active transport, to move molecules across the cell membrane. D They act only in facilitated diffusion as channels to allow molecules to move across the cell membrane.
Slide 22 / 44 19 Molarity is one way to measure the concentration of a solution. For a diffusion experiment we are preparing a solution into which we will place a semi-permeable bag. We dissolve 2.00 moles of solute into 1.00 liter of solution. What is the molarity of the solution? A 0.5M 1.0M B 1.5M C 2.0M D
Slide 23 / 44 20 Which of the following characteristics are not associated with catalysts? A Speed up or slow down reactions B Speed up reactions C Remain unchanged D Less energy need to start a chemical reaction
Slide 24 / 44 21 Which of the following best describes the relationship between an enzyme and a substrate? A Enzymes are specific to many different types of substrates. B Enzymes are specific to certain substrates. C Enzymes can be denatured to bind with different substrates. D Enzymes can only bind with specific proteins.
Slide 25 / 44 22 The graph below represents the decomposition of a molecule both with and without an enzyme catalyst. The enzyme decreases the energy required for the reaction. How much more energy is required for this reaction to occur, in the absence of the enzyme? A 80 kJ 60 kJ B 20 kJ C not enough information D
Slide 26 / 44 23 Enzymes function optimally in a range of temperature and pH. How might a significant variation from the optimal temperature or pH affect a reaction? A Changes in pH will increase the rate of reaction; changes in temperature will decrease the rate of reaction B If the activation site is physically altered, the reaction will not be catalyzed by the enzyme C The reaction cannot occur at all without the enzyme. D The reaction will proceed at the same rate because other enzymes can change shape to fit the substrate.
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