Class’ Perspective on Wind Turbine Jack-up Vessels The International Jack-up Barge Owners Association Meeting, Dartford 21st June 2011, Speaker Thomas Jahnke (GL ND)
Contents • Offshore Wind Market and Requirements • Generations of Wind Turbine Installation Vessels (examples) • Rules and Regulation—Statutory • Rules and Regulation—Structure • Jacking System • Conclusion presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 2
Summary of the offshore wind energy market in the EU Year 2010 • Total installed capacity of 3,000 MW • Meeting 0.3 % of total EU electricity demand • Avoiding almost 7 Mio tons of CO 2 annually Year 2030 • Total installed capacity of 150,000 MW • Meeting between 13 % and 17 % of total EU electricity demand • Avoiding almost 300 Mio tons of CO 2 annually presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 3
Offshore Windfarming development – deeper and further, Trend until 2025 Northern Europe Northern Europe Southern Europe Current Projects Planned Projects Source: EWEA.org presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 4
Increasing Turbine Sizes and Weights Turbine Size Nacelle Weight (incl. Rotor) Hub Height Tower Weight 3 MW ~ 110 t 75 - 90 m ~ 110 t 3.6 MW ~ 185 t 75 - 90 m ~ 170 t 6 MW 310 - 400 t 100 - 120m 300 - 500 t 2.3 MW 3.6 MW Source: Siemens Wind Power Already the world‘s biggest rotating machines presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 5
Foundations Type Typical Typical Size Typical Weight Waterdepth 1 Monopile ~ 35 m ~ 4 - 5 m Ø 600 - 700 t 2 Gravity ~ 20 m ~ 30 m Ø 1000 - 1500 t 3 Jacket up to 70 m ~ 25 - 60 m 700 - 900 t 4 Tripod ~ 50 m ~ 35 - 60 m 1000 t 1 2 3 4 presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 6
WTIV Generation I to III Generation I Combined crane and working barges Generation II Jackup barges without propulsion Generation III Self-propelled Jackup vessels presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 7
Design Concepts WTIV - Generation I presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 8
Design Concepts WTIV - Generation II Jackup Barge THOR, GL Self-Elevating • Non-self-propelled • Crane 500t • Waterdepth <=40m • 70 x 40m • Upgrade plans exist (self-propelled) • GL-Deliverables Analysis and Verification • Newbuilding Classification • Plan Approval & Newbuilding Supervision • Fleet in Service • Source: hochtief- construction.de presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 9
Design Concepts WTIV - Generation III RWEInnogy-WTIV, GL Self-Elevating (<45m water depth) • Self-Propelled • Crane 800t • DP2 Capability • 100 x 40m • GL-Deliverables Analysis and Verification • Newbuilding Classification • Plan Approval • Newbuilding Supervision • Source: RWE Innogy presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 10
Design Concepts WTIV - Generation III Beluga Hochtief Offshore TIS, GL Self-Elevating (<50m water depth) • Self-Propelled • Crane <= 1500t • DP2 Capability • 135 x 43 m • GL-Deliverables Analysis and Verification • Newbuilding Classification • Plan Approval • Newbuilding Supervision • Source: beluga-hochtief-offshore.com presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 11
Design Concepts WTIV - Generation III Swire Blue Ocean WTIV, GL • Self-Elevating (<60m water depth) • Self-Propelled • Crane <= 1200t @ 31m • DP2 Capability, 13 knots • 155 x 49 m GL-Deliverables • Analysis and Verification • Newbuilding Classification Source: Swire Blue Ocean • Plan Approval • Newbuilding Supervision presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 12
Challenges in design of Wind Turbine Installation Vessels (WTIV) Basic Factors Questions to be answered � wind turbine size � self propelled / no propulsion / fuel type? � water depth � jacking / non jacking? � distance from shore � large deck area for working? � optimization of given weather � sailing speed window � size of crane and lifting appliances? � Accommodation? � Dynamic Positioning? � what is the best design to meet the requirements best? presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 13
Rules and Regulations – A Class Challenge • Is it a ship? • Is it a jackup? • Is it a heavy lifter? • Is it a passenger vessel? presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 14
Rules and Regulations—Statutory • SOLAS 74/88, International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea 2009 • ILLC 66/88, International Convention for Load Lines; Revision 2004 • MARPOL 73/78, International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, Annex I – IV • IS Code 2008, International Code on Intact Stability • Guidelines for the Construction and Design of Offshore Supply Vessels 2006 • Code of Safety for Special Purpose Ships , 2008 • Code for the Construction and Equipment of Mobile Offshore Drilling Units , 1989 amendment by Res. MSC.187(79) 2004 • Ballast Water Management Convention, 2004 presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 15
In-between the rules • MODU Code in jacked position vs. SPS Code in floating condition • Mining Authorities vs. Coastal Flag State Authorities • Intact Stability Code / Weather criterion • SPS Code 2008 / Safe return to port requirements GL activities • Roadmap through regulation – jungle • Active member in IMO working groups • Proactive partner with close contact to Flag State Administrations presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 16
Rules and Regulations - Two sets for Classification • GL Rules for Classification and Construction, Ship Technology, Seagoing Ships • GL Rules for Classification and Construction, Ship Technology, Offshore Service Vessels including class notation WTIS for Wind Turbine Installation Vessels • GL Rules for Classification and Construction, Industrial Services, Offshore Technology • GL has established Rules for Mobile Offshore Units presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 17
Rules and Regulations - Two sets for Classification • The term Offshore Engineering part considers the following components: Legs, Leg Wells, Jacking unit incl. gears, guides, rack chocks (if applicable), steel categorization. • In addition, the global strength of the vessel for the elevated condition needs to be analyzed. Overturning stability, pre-load capacity and fatigue requirements are to be covered by the Offshore Engineering Part. presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 18
Rules and Regulations—Structure It would not be considered to install wind turbines in areas with high probability for low wind speeds. presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 19
Significant wave heights Limits for Lifting of Jack-up Time Window for Lifting with Design Wave: Hs=1.0m -> 38% of the year possible Hs=1.5m -> 59% of the year possible Hs=2.0m -> 77% of the year possible presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 20
Independent Dynamic Global Structural Analysis (Survival & Operating Loading Condition) Check of • Overturning Stability • Leg Strength • Jacking Capacity • Structure around Leg Well Results: • Tubular Legs with Pin/Hole Jacking System: Leg Strength is governing • Lattice Legs with Rack/Pinion Jacking System: Jacking Capacity is governing presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 21
Jacking System Rack/Pinion System: • Number of jacking cycles are much higher compared to Drill Units � Fatigue • High loads arise also during operation condition (crane operation) • Use of rack chock system is not always planed • Additional crane load not considered (Crane around Leg Design) Pin/Hole System: • Bearing pressure in hole requires high strength steel quality (>500 MPa), large pipe wall thickness (t>80mm) as well as large pin diameter presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 22
Conclusion 1. The offshore wind market is a new market and experience is missing: - Ship designer are starting with Jack-up designs - Yards are building the first Jack-up - Ship operators are entering the offshore wind market 2. Need for a suitable IMO regulation (MODU, SPS, Stability) 3. Thoroughly planning of a newbuilding WTIV according to the market needs 4. Owner/designer should contact as early as possible the flag state for their special requirements for a newbuilding WTIVs (MODU/SPS-Code) 5. Control of Wear at Jacking System (especially Rack/Pinion) 6. Current WTIVs Jacking Systems with Crane around Leg Design does not consider increased leg load at crane leg presentation title | 2011-06-20 | No. 23
GL Contacts: GL-Hamburg Tel: +49 40 36149-Ext Email: FirstName.LastName@gl-group.com Thomas Jahnke (Speaker, Struc. Engineer Offshore Installations) Ext: 106 Ulrich Hachmann (Head of Department Offshore Installations) Ext: 267 (structural matters) Rasmus Stute (Head of Department Offshore Service Vessels) Ext: 7419 (class matters) Christoph Witte (Head of Department Project Management) Ext: 7534 (statutory matters)
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