CITRUS PRE-SEASON ROADSHOWS 2020 P RESENTER : T ANKISO M PHOLO D - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

CITRUS PRE-SEASON ROADSHOWS 2020 P RESENTER : T ANKISO M PHOLO D IRECTORATE I NSPECTION S ERVICES

CONTENT  CBS, FCM and FF on EU statistics  CBS, FMS and FF amendments  Verification of citrus Pack houses  Monitoring of EU activities at pack houses  Citrus pre-season meetings  International year of Plant Health 2

ORCHARD INSPECTIONS PER YEAR 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Februar Septem January March April May June July August y ber 2017 1862 3287 2984 2730 809 20 2018 45 68 330 1673 3703 2779 2883 1884 109 3 2019 11 122 735 1558 3879 2897 3515 2253 171

LOCAL INTERCEPTIONS (CBS) Alert list 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Orchards Orchards Orchards Orchards Orchards January February 1 10 March 3 1 7 7 April 13 17 8 29 26 May 34 67 10 19 11 June 16 33 16 11 7 July 36 21 33 18 16 August 32 16 26 14 31 September 15 3 9 6 6 October 1 TOTAL 149 157 104 105 114 4

CONTRIBUTION TO THE LOCAL CBS INTERCEPTIONS HITS CONTRIBUTION HITS CONTRIBUTION HITS CONTRIBUTION INTERCEPTIONS (2017) (2017) (2018) (2018) (2019) (2019) Ethephon test 2 1.92% 1 1% 1 1% 600 fruit 13 12.5% 12 11% 6 5% sampling Re-inspections - - 2 2% 1 1% Orchard 46 44.2% 61 58% 60 53% inspection Pack house 43 41.4% 29 28% 46 40% inspection TOTAL 104 100% 105 100% 114 100% 5

LOCAL CBS INTERCEPTIONS PER FRUIT TYPE 6

LOCAL CBS INTERCEPTIONS PER PROVINCE 7

TOTAL EU INTERCEPTIONS AND NON-COMPLIANCES Reason 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Total harmful organisms 52 32 13 86 12 31 28 15 4 23 2 9 P. citricarpa 20 17 8 68 9 19 T. leucotreta 4 0 1 0 1 3 Non-European Tephritidae 6 3 0 0 2 0 WPM (ISPM15) 41 9 13 4 2 16 Documentation Peduncles 1 2 0 0 0 0 8

EU CBS INTERCEPTIONS CITRUS TYPE COUNTRY OF PROVINCE DISTRICTS MONTH ENTRY 1 Citrus lemon Italy Limpopo Naboomspruit June 2 Citrus lemon Italy Limpopo Naboomspruit June 3 Citrus lemon Italy Limpopo Naboomspruit June 4 Citrus sinensis Nertherlands KZN Weenen July 5 Citrus sinensis Nertherlands Limpopo Letaba August 6 Citrus sinensis Nertherlands Eastern Cape Addo September 7 Citrus sinensis France Eastern Cape Kirkwood September 8 Citrus sinensis Nertherlands Eastern Cape Kirkwood September 9 Citrus sinensis Nertherlands Eastern Cape Kirkwood September 9

FCM 10

LOCAL FCM INTERCEPTIONS PER REGION 11

LOCAL FCM INTERCEPTIONS PER CITRUS TYPE 12

EU FCM INTERCEPTIONS PER PROVINCE 13

EU FCM INTERCEPTIONS PER REGION 7 6 6 6 5 4 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 14

RISK MANAGEMENT FOR 2020 15

CBS RMS AMENDMENTS  Application of CBS controls must be according to the Registration of the products used. Omission of oil from systemic fungicide applications is a deviation from the Registration and is not in compliance with the CBS RMS.  Conventional shipping: If pallets are older than 18 days at this point in the cold chain, and the target temperature of 3 ° C has not yet been reached, they must be re-inspected for CBS. However, once all pallets in the cold room have reached ≤ 3 ° C they will be deemed as being shipped. No 18 day CBS re-inspection will be required during further cold storage.  REMINDER:  Discarding of waste fruit in accordance with the GAP  Re-inspection of Valencias (end July) and Lemon citrus types (90days)  Timeous planning for Ethephon test (from April to June 2020) 16

ETHEPHON TEST ON VALENCIAS  Pick 110 fruits for every 5ha (or less) and 22 more for every additional hectare above 5ha.  Half of the sample (55 fruit) should be collected from row end trees, evenly spread across both ends of the orchard.  The remaining 55 sample fruit should be collected from trees in poor condition, with no more than 5 fruit collected from any one such poor condition tree. If there are less than 10 trees in poor condition, the shortfall in the 55 fruit sample should be made up by collecting fruit from trees evenly spaced in a diagonal transect across the orchard. E.g. For a 9ha orchard: 110 + (4 x 22) =198 fruits  The sample collected for this purpose should be more targeted than random.  Sample fruits should be picked as much as possible from sickly and stressed trees.  From the selected trees, the fruits should be collected as much as possible from the lower outside portion of the tree canopy especially on the sunny (north-westerly) side of the tree. 17

FALSE CODLING MOTH RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FMS)  Registration of pack houses is subject to verification by PPECB  Specified approved packaging as an FMS appendix  PPECB will not inspect fruit from an orchard with an “On Hold” status on PhytClean  Within 14 days after finishing harvest the orchard must be cleared of the current season’s fruit (both fruit on the tree and fallen fruit) and removed fruit must be destroyed outside the orchard  Positioning of data trees in each orchard: must be positioned wherever fruit drop shows highest FCM  For fruit infestation monitoring and pack house delivery inspection specified that fruit is considered infested if any FCM larva (live or dead) is found in the fruit. 18

FALSE CODLING MOTH RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FMS)…  Personnel responsible for orchard infestation monitoring (12 and 4 weeks prior to harvest) must be trained and records of training and competency evaluation are compulsory  Personnel responsible for conducting the pack house delivery inspections must be trained and records of training and competency evaluation are compulsory  Specified that pack house conditions (e.g. lighting) must be suitable to optimise effectiveness of removing FCM infested fruit during grading  PPECB data for FCM rejections of fruit inspected for other FCM sensitive markets, age re- inspections and DALRRD data for FCM rejections for FCM sensitive markets will also be used in PhytClean system calculations to flag orchards  Some pack houses still reworking the rejected pallets  Every EU container shall be fitted with an air or pulp temperature monitoring device 19

FALSE CODLING MOTH RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FMS)…  FCM HIT SYSTEM: 1. The PUC will be excluded from exporting to the EU for the remainder of season if the PUC is implicated in an EU FCM interception and the follow up investigation (audit) detects a major non-compliance at the PUC. 2. The PUC will be excluded from exporting to the EU for the remainder of season and the next season if the PUC is implicated in more than one EU FCM interception in the same season. 3. The PUC will be excluded from exporting to the EU for the remainder of season and the next season if the PUC is implicated in an EU FCM interception and the PUC was also implicated in an EU interception in the previous year. 20

STATUS OF OFF IN SOUTH AFRICA ISPM 8 and 17 Status: Present in some areas and subject to official control Areas free of OFF are published in R110 of the Agricultural Pests Act 1983 (Act No. 36 of 1983) 21

SOUTH AFRICAN BACTROCERA INVADENS FRUIT FLY (SABIFF) ACTION PLAN ( BACTROCERA DORSALIS ) 1. Surveillance (PUC + DALRRD) 2. Delimiting surveys 3. Orchard and field sanitation 4. Bait application 5. Male annihilation 6. Removal control 7. Compliance auditing CITRUS FRUIT FLY SYSTEMS APPROACH

FLIES PER TRAP PER DAY (FTD)  Removal from infested areas to pest free areas is Check point only allowed from production areas where the fruit fly populations are kept low  Producers must implement additional phytosanitary actions if levels exceed 10 flies per trap per month in a production area, or an FTD of 0.33 is exceed  Application for removal permit: 1 month before fruit will be moved FTD = F/ T x D Photo JH Venter PUC surveillance for special markets = 1 ME trap/100ha or PUC all year long while surveillance for suppression is 2-4 ME traps per 100ha 23

FRUIT FLY RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FFMS)  Citrus Fruit Fly Systems Approach for Citrus besides (Other than) Lemons and Limes (Citrus FF-SAO):  Each FF-MS participating orchard must be registered on the PhytClean data management system:  Comply with the Citrus FF-SAO protocol and provide accurate data  Implement FF GAP procedures (as a guideline, refer to the CRI Production Guidelines for the control of FF on Citrus).  Pack houses, exporters, cold stores and freight forwarders handling fruit for export under the Citrus FF-MS must be registered on the PhytClean system.  Only approved packaging (cartons and bulk bins) 24