Chronicling Latinos diverse experience in a changing America 1615 L - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Chronicling Latinos’ diverse experience in a changing America 1615 L Street, NW, Suite 700 Washington, DC 20036 202-419-3600(main) 202-419-3608(fax) www.pewhispanic.org

DEMOGRAPHY

Population Growth, Immigration and the Latino population 46 million Latinos (2007 est.) —Tripled since 1980 Latinos Projected to Triple Again by 2050 Share Projected to Double Growth of Latinos Driven by Past Immigration Momentum Leads to Growth of Native-Born Latino Population Hispanic Births Far Outpace Immigration after 2000 New Geographic Centers Emerging

U.S. Population by Race & Nativity: 2006 Fastest Growth By Hispanics and Asians Total U.S. Population — 299.4 million Black* 38.2 million 13% Hispanic White* 44.3 million 200.2 million 15% 66% Asian* 14.7 Million 5%

U.S. Population by Race & Nativity: 2006 Fastest Growth By Hispanics and Asians Total U.S. Population — 299.4 million Black* 38.2 million Native-Born -- 13% 26.6 million 60% of Hispanics Hispanic White* 44.3 million 200.2 million 15% 66% Foreign-Born -- 17.7 million 40% of Hispanics Asian* 14.7 Million 5%

11-fold Hispanic Growth since 1950 — Driven by post-1970 Immigration Population in millions 45.5 43 35 4.0 22 15 0 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 Source: Pew Hispanic Center population estimates & projections (2008).

Hispanic Growth Likely to Continue Population in millions 128 Middle "Baseline" Immigration 105 49 57 45.7 35 4.0 22 15 0 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 Source: Pew Hispanic Center population estimates & projections (2008).

Hispanic Share Doubles to 29% by 2050— Asian Share also Doubles Percent of Total Population 3 % 4 % 6% 5% 5% 7% 8% 6% 9% 9% 10% 11% 13% 11% 14% 16% 19% 23% 26% 29% 12% 12% 13% 13% 13% 13% 13% 14% 13% 87% 85% 83% 80% 76% 70% 67% 65% 60% 56% 52% 47% 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 White* Black* Hispanic Asian* Source: Pew Hispanic Center population estimates & projections (2008). *Not Hispanic.

Hispanic Immigrants Exceed Births from 1970; Hispanic Births (millions) Hispanic Immigrants (millions) % Foreign-Born for Hispanics 8.1 7.0 5.6 4.4 3.1 3.1 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s 2030s 2040s Source: Pew Hispanic Center population estimates & projections (2008). *Not Hispanic.

Hispanic Immigrants Exceed Births from 1970; Pattern Reverses in 2000s Hispanic Births (millions) Hispanic Immigrants (millions) % Foreign-Born for Hispanics 9.0 8.1 7.3 7.0 5.6 4.4 3.1 3.1 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s 2030s 2040s Source: Pew Hispanic Center population estimates & projections (2008). *Not Hispanic.

Hispanic Births Exceed Immigrants from 2000; Percent Foreign-Born Has PEAKED Hispanic Births (millions) 40% 40% Hispanic Immigrants (millions) 40% 19.3 38% % Foreign-Born for Hispanics 36% 35% 33% 16.5 28% 13.9 11.3 10.3 9.3 18% 9.0 8.4 8.1 7.7 7.3 7.0 14% 5.6 4.4 3.1 3.1 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s 2030s 2040s Source: Pew Hispanic Center population estimates & projections (2008). *Not Hispanic.

Hispanic Population Younger

Native-Born Younger

Counties with Largest Hispanic Populations, 1980

Counties with Largest Hispanic Populations, 2007

Where Were Concentrations in 1980? Almost All 15% + Counties Along Border 14.6 Million Hispanics 6.4% of Total 1980 1990 2000 2007

Where Were Concentrations in 1990? Almost All 15% + Counties Along Border, S till 22.4 Million Hispanics 9.0% of Total 1980 1990 2000 2007 236 Counties With 15%+ Hispanic

Where Were Concentrations in 2000? Fast Growth Away from Border 35.3 Million Hispanics 12.5% of Total 1980 1990 2000 2007 333 Counties With 15%+ Hispanic

Where Were Concentrations in 2007? Many Concentrations Emerge in Distant Areas 45.5 Million Hispanics 15.1% of Total 1980 1990 2000 2007 414 Counties With 15%+ Hispanic

Educational Attainment

Hispanic Students in Public Schools One in five public school students is Hispanic (20.5%) Between 1990 and 2006, Hispanics represented 60% of all growth Half of all Hispanics students are in California and Texas 34% of Hispanic students have parents without a HS diploma

Hispanic Share of Public School Students, by State Pew Hispanic Center tabulations of the 2006 ACS (1% IPUMS sample) Percent of Students who are Latino More than 40% Latino (4 states) Between 20% and 40% Latino (5 states) Between 10% and 20% Latino (13 states) Between 5% and 10% Latino (12 states) Less than 5% Latino (16 states)

College Enrollment Rates, October 2007 Among 18-24 year olds Among High School Completers. Source: Pew Hispanic Center analysis of the Oct 2007 CPS. 47% 46% 43% 39% 28% All Latinos Immigrants Second Third Non- Generation Generation Hispanics

Associate’s Degree Attainment Among 25 to 29 year olds, March 2008 Among High School Completers. Source: Pew Hispanic Center analysis of the March 2008 CPS. 12% 11% 9% 9% 8% 8% All Latinos Immigrants Second Third NH Whites NH Blacks Generation Generation

Bachelor’s Degree or More Among 25 to 29 year olds, March 2008 Among High School Completers. Source: Pew Hispanic Center analysis of the March 2008 CPS. 40% 22% 21% 17% 17% 13% All Latinos Immigrants Second Third NH Whites NH Blacks Generation Generation

The Economic Downturn

Many Latino Homeowners Worry They May Lose Their Homes to Foreclosure Percent of Latino Homeowners “A Lot” or “Some” | “Not much” or “Not at all” 63% 37% All Hispanics Native-Born 74% 25% Hispanics Foreign-Born 45% 53% Hispanics

Workplace

Labor Force by Race/Ethnicity, 2008 (millions) Native Foreign Total Born Born Total 155.0 131.0 24.0 White* 105.7 101.2 4.5 Black* 17.1 15.0 2.1 Hispanic 22.2 10.4 11.8 Asian* & NHPI* 7.4 2.0 5.4 Other* 2.5 2.4 0.1 * Non-Hispanic. Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations from Current Population Surveys for the fourth quarter of 2008; non-seasonally adjusted.

Hispanic Share of the Labor Force, by Age: 2007 7.3% 55 & over 10.2% 45-54 14.0% All Ages 15.3% 35-44 19.6% 25-34 17.7% 16-24 Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations from Current Population Surveys for the first quarter of 2007; non-seasonally adjusted.

Hispanic Share of the Labor Force, by Education: 2007 Graduate Degree 4.5% Bachelor's Degree 6.8% 9.5% Associate Degree Some College 11.5% 14.0% All Hispanics High School 14.3% Less Than HS 39.9% Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations from Current Population Surveys for the first quarter of 2007; non-seasonally adjusted.

Rising Unemployment

Local Job Opportunities Hard to Find Percent of Latino Adults “Plenty of jobs available” | “Jobs are difficult to find” 78% 13% All Hispanics Native-Born 17% 73% Hispanics Foreign-Born 83% 10% Hispanics .General U.S 73% 19% population

Quarterly Unemployment Rate (seasonally adjusted) Percent 10 8.9 9 8.0 8 Hispanics 7 6.5 6 5.9 4.9 5 4.4 4 Non-Hispanics 3 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Note: The comparability of the data over time is affected slightly by annual revisions in the CPS methodology. Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

The Monthly Job Loss Rate, Jan. 2006 to Sept. 2008 3.5% Hispanic Immigrants 3.0% 2.5% 2.0% All Hispanics 1.5% 1.0% All Workers 0.5% 0.0% Jan. to Feb. 2006 Jan. to Feb. 2007 Jan. to Feb. 2008 S ource: Pew Hispanic tabulations of Current Population S urvey data Note: Percent of workers employed in one month who are unemployed or discouraged in the next month.

Hispanic Share of Employment for Selected Industries, 2008: 5 Highest and 5 Lowest Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations from Current Population Surveys for the fourth quarter of 2008; non-seasonally adjusted. 23.8% Construction 22.0% Eating/Lodging 20.7% Personal Services 19.8% Non-durable Manufacturing 18.5% Agriculture 10.0% FIRE 9.8% Health Public Adm 9.4% 9.1% Publishing 8.8% Education

Economic Behaviors Changing

Hispanics’ Changing Economic Behaviors Percent of Latino Adults Cut back on eating 71% out Cut back on Xmas 67% shopping Delayed/canceled 47% plans to make major purchase 28% Helped with loan 17% Received loan

New Administration Priorities for the

Hispanics’ Priorities for Obama Administration Percent of Latino Adults saying “extremely important” 57% The Economy 51% Education 45% Health Care 43% National Security 33% Environment 31% Immigration 20% Energy policy

Mark Hugo Lopez Associate Director Pew Hispanic Center (202) 419-3617 www.pewhispanic.org mlopez@ pewhispanic.org

Chronicling Latinos’ diverse experience in a changing America 1615 L Street, NW, Suite 700 Washington, DC 20036 202-419-3600(main) 202-419-3608(fax) www.pewhispanic.org