Chest X-ray Path correlation Normal structures Densities - PDF document

Chest X-ray Path correlation • Normal structures • Densities • Genesis of abnormal densities • Localization • Pathological correlation • Steps in evaluation of CXR 1

Left RV RA LV LA 2

3

Densities 4

Hemorrhage H e m Localization • Lobar distribution • Air bronchogram • Silouhette sign • Extra pleural sign 5

6

Lobar density Silouhette sign 7

Silouhette sign 8

LUL RUL RML Lingula RLL LLL Silouhette sign Extrapleural sign 9

Peripheral Sharp inner Indistinct outer Concave angles Extrapleural sign Air bronchogram 10

Pathological correlation • Consolidation • Cavitation • Mass • Atelectasis • Pleural effusion • Pneumothorax • Pulmonary edema Consolidation Pneumonia 11

Air bronchogram Lobar No loss of volume Consolidation Hole Wall Lumen Content Cavity 12

Mass Homogenous Sharp margin No respect Mass Atelectasis 13

Loss of lung volume Atelectasis Homogenous Costophrenic angle Meniscus Pleural effusion 14

Pneumothorax Air in pleura Atelectatic lung Hemithorax Mediastinual shift Pneumothorax Pulmonary edema 15

Pulmonary edema Bilateral Diffuse Alveolar Pulmonary edema Emphysema 16

Bleb Emphysema Bullous emphysema Emphysema 17

Emphysema Flat diaphragm Dark lungs AP diameter Low flat diaphragms Vertical heart Retrosternal air Infracardiac air Avascularity Blebs Emphysema 18

Mediastinal nodes Metastases Honeycombing 19

Interstitial fibrosis Diffuse interstitial Lines Honeycombing Nodules Diffuse interstitial 20

Steps in evaluation of CXR • Identify abnormalities • Localize • Identify pathological process • Probable etiology • Tests to confirm Case 1 Case 2 21

Case 3 Case 4 22

Case 5 23

Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 24