DEVELOPMENT OF CAREER NEEDS ASSESSMENT TOOL (CNAT) TERESITA O. CRUZ, RP, RGC HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Career Information Processing (CIP) Theory of Career Decision Making (Peterson, Sampson, Reardon and Lenz from http://www.career.fsu.edu/)
Cognitive Information Processing CIP is based on a tri-level pyramid, with self-knowledge and occupational knowledge as the foundation, which comprises two Knowledge Domains. The second level of the pyramid is the Decision-Making Skills Domain, composed of five information-processing skills known as CASVE: 1. Communication 2. Analysis 3. Synthesis 4. Valuing 5. Executing
Cognitive Information Processing The top tier of the pyramid consists of the Executive Processing Domain, which focuses on metacognition (thinking about our thinking). This is the monitoring/evaluation part of the thought process, where we ask, “How is it working? What would improve it? What adjustments could/should I make?”
The CIP Pyramid
Key Elements of the CIP Approach Screen individuals for career decision making readiness before delivering services Match levels of staff assistance to identified individual needs Use career theory to help individuals understand and manage career decision making
Key Elements of the CIP Approach Use the career resource room and internet website with all levels of service delivery Use career resources that are appropriate for diverse individual learners Use staff teamwork in delivering services to individuals Provide common staff training for delivery resources and services
Social Cognitive Career Theory The principal assumption of this theory is based on the interconnection between the personal, cognitive, and environmental parameters . Therefore, the behavior is considered to be a function of personal factors, learning experiences, self-efficacy belief, outcome expectation, interests, environmental norms and values, and intention (Rajabi, Papzan & Zahedi, 2012)
The CNAT Consists of 30 items Likert Scale – extremely true, very true, moderately true, slightly true, and not as all true n = 335 Grade 9 students (5 of 18 sections) Reliability coefficient = Cronbach’s Alpha .860 and .877 for standardized items
Factor Loadings Item Factor Statement No. Loading 1 I have a good knowledge of my career interests .60 2 I can identify my strengths and weaknesses as a person .49 3 I know the kind of work that I want to do someday .49 4 I have no idea as to what career to choose .81 5 I am already sure about my career choice -.45 6 I cannot think of a job that fits my personality .76 7 I have the skills which are necessary for my chosen career .69
Factor Loadings Item Factor Statement No. Loading 8 I want to know the personal characteristics related to my career .56 choice 9 I am not interested to pursue whatever career .54 10 I have no failing grades in school .69 11 My career choice is similar to that of my parents’ decision .84 12 I need to continue the profession of my parents .86 13 My career goals keep me inspired .71 14 I am motivated to fulfill my career plans .74
Factor Loadings Item Factor Statement No. Loading 15 I see a bright future ahead when I imagine my career plans .74 16 I do not know how to start deciding for my career .77 17 My family’s financial resources are enough to support my career .72 plans 18 I do not need scholarship grants to finance my studies .63 19 I read printed materials like magazines, brochures, and journals .65 about my occupational interest
Factor Loadings Item Factor Statement No. Loading 20 I have enough information about the kind of work that I would like .69 to do later on in my life 21 I use the internet often to search for information related to my .75 career 22 The information I get from people who practice my chosen career .60 are helpful 23 My parents support my career choice .35 24 I need to familiarize myself with the various career tracks offered in .46 Senior High School
Factor Loadings Item Factor Statement No. Loading 25 I have relatives who help me in choosing my career .75 26 I listen to my friends’ suggestions on possible career options .77 27 I follow my parents’ advice on career decision making .67 28 I consult my teachers and our guidance counselors about career .50 decision making 29 My career choice is in conflict with that of my parents’ suggestion .40 30 I need help in my career decision making .65
Factor 1: Self-awareness and Occupational Information Item Factor Statement No. Loading 1 I have a good knowledge of my career interests .60 2 I can identify my strengths and weaknesses as a person .49 7 I have the skills which are necessary for my chosen .69 career 10 I have no failing grades in school .69
Factor 1: Self-awareness and Occupational Information Item Factor Statement No. Loading 19 I read printed materials like magazines, brochures, and .65 journals about my occupational interest 20 I have enough information about the kind of work that I .69 would like to do later on in my life 21 I use the internet often to search for information related .75 to my career 22 The information I get from people who practice my .60 chosen career are helpful
Factor 2: Career decisiveness Item Factor Statement No. Loading 3 I know the kind of work that I want to do someday .49 5 I am already sure about my career choice -.45 8 I want to know the personal characteristics related to my .56 career choice 7 I have the skills which are necessary for my chosen career .69 13 My career goals keep me inspired .71 14 I am motivated to fulfill my career plans .74 15 I see a bright future ahead when I imagine my career plans .74
Factor 3: Career Indecisiveness Item Factor Statement No. Loading 4 I have no idea as to what career to choose .81 6 I cannot think of a job that fits my personality .76 9 I am not interested to pursue whatever career .54 16 I do not know how to start deciding for my career .77 29 My career choice is in conflict with that of my parents’ .40 suggestion 30 I need help in my career decision making .65
Factor 4: Need for affirmation Item Factor Statement No. Loading 24 I need to familiarize myself with the various career tracks .46 offered in Senior High School 25 I have relatives who help me in choosing my career .75 26 I listen to my friends’ suggestions on possible career options .77 27 I follow my parents’ advice on career decision making .67 28 I consult my teachers and our guidance counselors about .50 career decision making
Factor 5: Parental influence Item Factor Statement No. Loading 11 My career choice is similar to that of my parents’ decision .84 12 I need to continue the profession of my parents .86
Factor 6: Financial readiness Item Factor Statement No. Loading 17 My family’s financial resources are enough to support my .72 career plans 18 I do not need scholarship grants to finance my studies .63
Components of CNAT 1. Self-awareness and occupational information 2. Career decisiveness 3. Career indecisiveness 4. Need for affirmation 5. Parental influence 6. Financial readiness
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