Captains Meeting 2009 Introduction to Well Testing- Expro Edwin Schoorl
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Agenda • Oil and Gas presence • Well construction • Well testing • Welltest System • Welltest Equipment • Welltest Video • Questions
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro • Oil and gas is formed through millions of years of heat and pressure applied to the remains of microscopic plant and animal life.. • This mass is buried with the accumulating sediment and reach an adequate temperature, something above 50 to 70 ° C t hey start to cook. • This transformation, changes them into the liquid hydrocarbons that move and migrate, and will become our oil and gas reservoir. • The gas and oil is present in porous rock or sandstone.
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro • Finally the gas and oil must be stopped from migrating to surface, and get trapped.
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Once seismic has determined that there is a potential for hydrocarbon presence at a certain depth, an exploration well is required. A Drilling rig is than mobilized to carry out that operation. .
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro • Drilling starts with a large (up to 36”) drill bit • To prevent collapsing of the hole, at regular intervals casing is set. • The drilling is than continued with a slightly smaller bit, etc until they reach target. • Hence the telescopic well design
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Once the drilling operation is completed, the well requires a “production tubing” or “production string”. This is used to safely produce the hydrocarbons to surface During well testing operations this can be : � Permanent Completion � Temporary Completion (DST) Finally the well is equipped with a range of valves to safely connect the well to the testing facilities and allow maintenance to be done to the well itself: � The X-Mass Tree .
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Well design
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Completion design
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Wellhead design design
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Perforating Once the well is completed with the production tubing and x mass tree, the well is still isolated from the reservoir To allow production from the reservoir, the casing wall needs to be perforated with “guns” to allow influx of the hydrocarbons These perforating holes are exactly opposite the reservoir Now the well is ready for testing.
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro What is Welltesting Exploration wells � Physical producing of the reservoir, flowing the oil and gas to the rig burner booms, or production facilities. � Record well behaviour and production rates, over time. � Collect representative fluid samples. Production wells � Well / Reservoir Clean up after drilling or workover operation and CONFIRM expectations � Well Clean up after well maintenance � Reservoir stimulation � Coiled tubing clean outs
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Why Welltesting Provide data for reservoir analysis and prediction : � Size of reservoir, i.e. gas or oil in place. � Evaluation if it a commercial find. � Design field development plans • How many wells • Type and size of platform and pipeline • Production forecast • Field life. • Expected sustainable production rates • Etc
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Logistics process Decision to test (exploration well) is often taken based on final logs after the drilling is completed. That’s only days before actual test equipment is required onboard This put a lot of strain on logistics process . A typical exploration test requires about 14 truckloads of test equipment. In a short time frame that immense equipment package is � Handled on Expro yard � Handled on Quay side � Handled on Board, and spotted on deck � Rigged up and pressure tested � Carry out the test operation � And reverse the logistics process
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Process flow diagram
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Flowhead or test tree Function • provide means of isolation of the well to the welltest facilities • Allow a pump inlet to the wellbore (kill side) • Allow production via the production out let • Allow slickline operations to be carried out • Means to pick up and rotate the test string
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Sand Filter Function Remove any solids from the well stream and protect equipment against erosion. Solids such as • Reservoir Sand • Perforating debris • Proppant
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Choke Manifold Function To control the well production rate during the test With Adjustable chokes (throttling) or fixed size chokes
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Heater Function To Heat expanded gas before separation During the production of a well, the gas pressure is reduced. This causes the volume to increase and results in a lower temperature.
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Separator Function Separate and measure all phases produced • Water • Oil / Condensate • Gas
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Surge tank Function • Pressurised 15 m3 tank to degas the liquid produced from the separator • Measure and temporarily store the liquid produced • Safely route all associated residue gas to safe are.
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Gauge Tank Function • Atmospheric enclosed 30 M3 storage/ gauge tank. • Liquids are either burnt (oil) or transferred to transport tanks (IMO tanks)
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Flare Booms Function To provide safe distance to the rig structure for allowing gas / condensate or oil to be burnt. The booms provide • Large bore Gas lines • Atomising heads for liquid burning • Ignition system • Vent lines • Water screens
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Temporary Piping • Faster temporary hook up of equipment • Flexible in size and pressure rating • Easy connections
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Welltest Video
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Any Questions
Introduction to Well Testing - Expro Thank you for your attention
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