MILITARY IMPACT OF CANADIAN OPERATIONAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS By Evans, J.R., Dickinson, R.G., and Rey, M. Paper presented to the 23 rd International Symposium on Military Operational Research Hampshire, UK 29 August – 1 September 2006 Defence Research and Recherche et développement Canada Development Canada pour la défense Canada
Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) Network of Research Centres (note that DRDC CORA is spread across Canada in small teams, 80% in Ottawa region) Defence R&D Canada – CORA • R & D pour la défense Canada – CARO
Where DRDC CORA Fits Prime Minister Minister of National Defence Foreign Affairs Solicitor General Deputy Minister // Chief of Defence Staff Many other Departments... ADM Science & Technology Vice Chief Defence Staff DRDC Canada COMMAND Other Research Centres DG DRDC CORA Canada Expeditionary Force COMMAND, Strategic Joint Staff Chief of Land Staff Chief of Maritime Staff Chief of Air Staff Others ADM(Mat), CMP Defence R&D Canada – CORA • R & D pour la défense Canada – CARO ADM(Pol),
Military and Civilian Sponsors Air – 5 Teams Land (incl) NORAD 3 teams DRDC CORA Operational Commands Maritime - 4 CORA DG (4 teams + 1 Kabul) Teams 2 Teams Chief Military Personnel Centre for Security (5 Teams) Science 1 Team Vice Chief of Policy Defence Staff Materiel - 1 team 1 Team 4 Teams Admin Support CDI – 2 teams Defence R&D Canada – CORA • R & D pour la défense Canada – CARO
DND/CF Core Processes (defining the scope of OR&A work) • Strategy and Policy : A process for developing a roadmap by which the DND and the CF, as an instrument of government, will meet the defence and security objectives of the Government of Canada. • Force Development: Longer-term planning associated with the creation and maintenance of military and departmental capabilities tailored to and aligned with the security environment and available resources. • Capability Production : The process of developing capability implementation options; acquiring equipment, personnel and infrastructure; developing training, doctrine, capability support and supply systems; and integrating them into specific Canadian Forces capabilities. • Force Generation: The process by which forces are trained, equipped and assembled for potential operations. The process is completed once the forces are declared operationally ready and their command is transferred to the field. • Force Employment: The exercise of authority over assigned forces in the field. It includes planning, directing, coordinating and controlling these forces in the conduct of operations. Defence R&D Canada – CORA • R & D pour la défense Canada – CARO
Mission DRDC CORA’s mission is to provide expert, objective and timely operational research, analytical support, and advice based on the scientific method. The majority of the effort supports: • measuring the impact of force development and resource allocation options; • meeting the analytical requirements of the acquisition process; • contributing to improved operational effectiveness and efficiency of the CF and DND today and in the future; and • providing scientific and technical intelligence support. • providing research, analysis, and strategic advice to enable the DND/CF to achieve its policy and human resource goals. Defence R&D Canada – CORA • R & D pour la défense Canada – CARO
OPERATIONAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS COMMUNITY OR&A community (170 Civilian Defence Scientists) falls within one of four subgroups: • OR Scientists (61% of total, 100% growth since 1997) • Social Scientists (16% of total, 1300% growth) • Strategic Analysts (15% of total, 400% growth) • Intelligence Analysts (8% of total, 17% growth) Defence R&D Canada – CORA • R & D pour la défense Canada – CARO
Measures of Military Impact • Cost savings and efficiencies (identified by the application of OR&A techniques) • Changes in CF/DND program directions or policies influenced by OR&A • Operational successes attributed to OR&A • Decision complexity reductions using OR&A methods • Operational or programmatic risk reductions or identification • Knowledge gaps filled • Lessons learned • Improved training or mission preparedness achieved • Acquisitions made or deferred (including emerging technology adopted or rejected) • Consensus achieved or disagreements exposed • Influence on Allied operations Defence R&D Canada – CORA • R & D pour la défense Canada – CARO
Recent Examples of OR&A Impact • Strategy & Policy – Historical Operations Database – Personnel Modelling – Support to CF Transformation – Strategic Cost Modelling • Force Development & Capability Production – Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) – Effectiveness of Technology (HFSWR) – Combat Wargaming – Force Structure & Fleet Mix Analysis – Strategic Lift • Force Generation and Employment – Optimization of Maritime Air Patrol Plans – Managed Readiness And Sustainment Modelling – Improved Pilot Training – Strategic Analysis Deployed Support to ISAF Kabul – Social Science and Personnel Tempo Survey Defence R&D Canada – CORA • R & D pour la défense Canada – CARO
OR&A Support to Strategy & Policy Defence Research and Recherche et développement Canada Development Canada pour la défense Canada
HISTORICAL OPERATIONS DATABASE CF International Operational Commitments 1980 - Q1 2004 Kosovo 6,000 War on Terror Rwanda Including Afghanistan & The Arabian Sea 5,000 Eritrea Somalia # of CF Personnel Deployed Haiti Cambodia Gulf War War in Iraq Kosovo 4,000 East The Timor Americas 3,000 Africa 2,000 Middle East Bosnia Missions 1,000 Haiti Cyprus 0 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Fiscal Year Defence R&D Canada – CORA • R & D pour la défense Canada – CARO
PERSONEL MODELLING IN SUPPORT OF RECRUITING, RETENTION AND GROWTH STRATEGY Defence R&D Canada – CORA • R & D pour la défense Canada – CARO
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