Blooms in Lake Erie Jeanette Schnars, Ph.D. Executive Director - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Harmful Algal Blooms in Lake Erie Jeanette Schnars, Ph.D. Executive Director Regional Science Consortium

Sampling Locations - West

Sampling Locations – Beach

Sampling Locations - Bay

Sampling Locations - East

• Microcystin: • 0.2 ppb, drinking water threshold for dogs • 0.3 ppb, drinking water threshold for Microcystin children under 6 y/o • 1.6 ppb, drinking water threshold for Thresholds children over 6 y/o and adults • 6.0 ppb, recreational public health advisory • 20.0 ppb, recreational no contact advisory

Microcystin (ppb) 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 5/26/2017 6/2/2017 Microcystins – West Coastline 6/9/2017 6/16/2017 6/23/2017 6/30/2017 7/7/2017 7/14/2017 Elk 7/21/2017 7/28/2017 Avonia 8/4/2017 Date 8/11/2017 8/18/2017 Walnut 8/25/2017 9/1/2017 9/8/2017 9/15/2017 9/22/2017 9/29/2017 10/6/2017 10/13/2017 10/20/2017 Microcystins (ppb) 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 05/24/2018 05/31/2018 06/7/2018 06/14/2018 06/21/2018 06/28/2018 07/5/2018 07/12/2018 Elk 07/19/2018 07/26/2018 Avonia 08/2/2018 Date 08/9/2018 08/16/2018 Walnut 08/23/2018 08/30/2018 09/6/2018 09/13/2018 09/20/2018 09/27/2018 10/4/2018 10/11/2018 10/18/2018 10/25/2018

Microcystin (ppb) 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5/26/2017 Perry Monument Horseshoe Boaters B Microcystins – Presque Isle Bay 6/2/2017 6/9/2017 6/16/2017 6/23/2017 6/30/2017 South Pier Libery Park Dobbins 7/7/2017 7/14/2017 14.21 ppb 7/21/2017 7/28/2017 8/4/2017 Date 8/11/2017 Sturgeon Bay Niagara Boat Launch EYC 8/18/2017 8/25/2017 9/1/2017 9/8/2017 9/15/2017 Vista 3 Mill Creek Ferry Slip 9/22/2017 9/29/2017 10/6/2017 10/13/2017 10/20/2017 Microcystins (ppb) 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 05/24/2018 Perry Monument Horseshoe Boaters B 05/31/2018 06/7/2018 06/14/2018 06/21/2018 06/28/2018 15.65 ppb 07/5/2018 South Pier Libery Park Dobbins 07/12/2018 07/19/2018 07/26/2018 08/2/2018 Date 08/9/2018 Sturgeon Bay Niagara Boat Launch EYC 08/16/2018 08/23/2018 08/30/2018 09/6/2018 09/13/2018 Vista 3 Mill Creek Ferry Slip 09/20/2018 09/27/2018 10/4/2018 10/11/2018 10/18/2018 10/25/2018

Microcystins (ppb) 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 5/26/2017 Microcystins – East Coastline 6/2/2017 6/9/2017 6/16/2017 6/23/2017 6/30/2017 Lake Cliff 7/7/2017 7/14/2017 7/21/2017 7/28/2017 Shades Beach 8/4/2017 Date 8/11/2017 8/18/2017 8/25/2017 Freeport 9/1/2017 9/8/2017 9/15/2017 9/22/2017 9/29/2017 10/6/2017 10/13/2017 10/20/2017 Microcystin (ppb) 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 05/24/2018 05/31/2018 06/7/2018 06/14/2018 06/21/2018 06/28/2018 Lake Cliff 07/5/2018 07/12/2018 07/19/2018 07/26/2018 Shades Beach 08/2/2018 Date 08/9/2018 08/16/2018 08/23/2018 Freeport 08/30/2018 09/6/2018 09/13/2018 09/20/2018 09/27/2018 10/4/2018 10/11/2018 10/18/2018 10/25/2018

Integrated Research - Flow Cytometry

FC and Cyanotoxins - Beach Locations 2.5 0.6 0.5 2 Microcystins (ppb) Anatoxin-a (ppb) y = 2E-05x + 0.2059 0.4 1.5 R² = 0.0861 0.3 1 0.2 y = 5E-08x + 0.0392 0.5 0.1 R² = 1E-05 0 0 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 Cell Counts (cells/mL) Cell Counts (cells/mL) 0.025 0.04 0.035 0.02 Cylindrospermopsin (ppb) 0.03 Saxitoxin (ppb) 0.015 0.025 y = 1E-07x + 0.0103 0.02 R² = 0.0079 0.01 0.015 y = -1E-07x + 0.0073 R² = 0.0327 0.01 0.005 0.005 0 0 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 Cell Counts (cells/mL) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

FC and Cyanotoxins - Tributary Locations 0.2 0.9 0.18 0.8 0.16 y = 3E-05x + 0.0488 0.7 Microcystins (ppb) Anatoxin-a (ppb) R² = 0.4503 0.14 0.6 0.12 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.08 0.3 0.06 y = 9E-07x + 0.02 0.2 0.04 R² = 0.0047 0.1 0.02 0 0 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 Cell Counts (cells/mL) Cell Counts (cells/mL) 0.035 0.045 y = 1E-06x + 0.0062 y = 2E-06x + 0.0036 0.04 R² = 0.1594 R² = 0.6754 Cylindrospermopsin (ppb) 0.03 0.035 0.025 Saxitoxin (ppb) 0.03 0.02 0.025 0.02 0.015 0.015 0.01 0.01 0.005 0.005 0 0 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 Cell Counts (cells/mL) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

FC and Cyanotoxins - PI Bay Locations 4 0.7 3.5 0.6 y = 2E-05x + 0.2323 R² = 0.3889 Microcystins (ppb) 3 Anatoxin-a (ppb) 0.5 2.5 0.4 2 0.3 1.5 y = -5E-07x + 0.0434 0.2 1 R² = 0.0095 0.1 0.5 0 0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 Cell Counts (cells/mL) Cell Counts (cells/mL) 0.3 0.05 0.25 Cylindrospermopsin (ppb) 0.045 0.04 Saxitoxin (ppb) 0.2 0.035 0.03 0.025 0.15 0.02 y = -7E-08x + 0.0097 0.015 0.1 R² = 0.0167 0.01 y = -1E-07x + 0.0238 0.005 0.05 R² = 0.0039 0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 0 Cell Counts (cells/mL) 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 Cell Counts (cells/mL)

3500 3000 The Relationship 2500 between Cyanobacteria Cell 2000 E.coli (CFU/100mL) Counts and E. coli 1500 (2017) 1000 y = -0.0023x + 115.12 R² = 0.0131 500 0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 -500 Cyano Cell Counts (cells/mL)

2500 2000 The Relationship between 1500 Cyanobacteria Cell Entero (CFU/100mL) Counts and 1000 Enterococcus (2017) y = -0.0014x + 77.021 500 R² = 0.0117 0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 -500 Cyano Cell Counts (cells/mL)

3500 3000 2500 The Relationship 2000 E.coli (CFU/100mL) between Microcystins 1500 and E. coli (2017) 1000 500 y = -29.815x + 115.74 R² = 0.0076 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 -500 Microcystins toxin (ppb)

2500 The Relationship 2000 between Microcystins and 1500 Enterococcus Entero (CFU/100mL) (2017) 1000 500 y = -19.268x + 83.414 R² = 0.0062 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 -500 Microcystins toxin (ppb)

Modeling the Data (preview) Location Analysis Parameter p-value Vista 3 Microcystin Water Temp 0.0002 Vista 3 Flow Cytometry Water Temp 0.0033 Sturgeon Bay Microcystin Water Temp 0.0396 Sturgeon Bay FC Rainfall 0.1336 Ferry Slip Microcystin Water Temp 0.0185 Air Temp 0.0598 Ferry Slip FC Rainfall 0.0919 Marina Microcystin Wind Speed 0.0210 Wind Direction 0.0388 Rainfall 0.0728 Relative Humidity 0.2363 Marina FC Rainfall 0.0184 Perry Monument Microcystin Water Temp 0.0025 Air Temp 0.0066 Wind Speed 0.0393 E. coli (average) 0.1470 Perry Monument Flow Cytometry Wind Direction 0.0853 Rainfall 0.1152 Continued …

Modeling Data (preview) Location Analysis Parameter p-value Boater’s Beach Microcystin Water Temp 1.712 e-06 Air Temp 6.285 e-06 Relative Humidity 0.1323 Boater’s Beach Flow Cytometry Water Temperature 5.404 e-05 Air Temperature 0.0001 Wind Direction (EW) 0.0018 Wind Speed 0.0973 Lake Cliff Boat Launch Microcystin Wind Direction (EW) 0.0653 Lake Cliff Boat Launch Flow Cytometry Water Temp 0.0181 Air Temp 0.0918 Shade’s Beach Microcystin Enterococcus (average) 0.0238 Shade’s Beach Flow Cytometry Wind Speed 0.1344 Continued …

2019 Season • Continue Cyanotoxin Analysis • Beach 6 Modeling w/ USGS • Nutrient Analysis • DNA Analysis • Population Dynamics • DNA and RNA analysis of water sample w/ Wilkes University • Education and Outreach • Veterinarians • Public • Citizen Science Training