Biosecurity System for Livestock Disease Control August 14, 2013 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Biosecurity System for Livestock Disease Control August 14, 2013 Hei Chan Lee, Sun Moon University

Contents 1. Livestock Diseases 2. FMD Outbreak in Korea 3. Control Systems 4. Future Prospects

1. Livestock Diseases Based on recent outbreaks in Korea FMD as a model system HPAI, Brucellosis, Rabies, BSE, etc. Control System Development Project not finished yet Commercialization in the near future

FMD - Foot and Mouth Disease FMD is one of the most contagious animal diseases known. Key features: Wide host range Multiple infection routes Small infective doses Short incubation period Virus excreted before disease is evident Persistence in ‘carriers’, products and environment Ability to spread through movements of animals, people, products, equipment and by wind makes it difficult to control.

FMD Host Animals

FMD (Foot and Mouse Disease) Virus Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Picornaviridae Family, Aphtovirus genus Single-stranded (+ ) RNA 7 serotypes (O, A, C, Asia1, SAT1, 2, 3) I cosahedral structure containing 4 proteins I nactivated by pH < 6.0 or > 9.0

Ways of Spreading Movement of infected animals most important Virus in animal products Contaminates Wind-borne spread Carrier animals

Airborne Virus Spreading

Factors Affecting Spreading Activity - Infection Strain of virus Quantities of virus Degree/type of contact Susceptibility of recipient animals

FMD Spreading Weather conditions Under right conditions a plume can form -> long distances atmospheric stability (e.g. wind speed, cloud cover, sunlight) Virus concentrations affected by plume dispersal and deposition Ground conditions (temperature, type, roughness) Topography More likely to occur over sea than land (all long distance spread (< 100 km over sea)

2010 to 2011 FMD OUTBREAK IN KOREA

Meat Cow 2,940, Milk Cow 404, Pig 8,851 (x1000) Livestock Numbers in Korea

FMD Outbreak in Korea: 2010-2011 � First case reported in Andong (2010.11.28) 217 report / 153 positive / 64 negative � 75 city and districts Busan1, Daegu1, Incheon3, Ulsan1, Daejon1, Kyungki19, Kangwon13, Chungbuk8, Chungnam10, Kyungbuk16, Kyungnam2

FMD Outbreak Events 2010.11.28 FMD (Pig) - Andong 2010.11.28 FMD (Pig) - Andong 2010.11.29 Code “ Yellow ” Caution 2010.11.29 Code “ Yellow ” Caution 2010.12.14 spreading to Kyunggi ( 양주 · 파주 ) 2010.12.14 spreading to Kyunggi ( 양주 · 파주 ) 2010.12.15 Code “Orange” Warning 2010.12.15 Code “Orange” Warning 2010.12.21 Kangwon ( 화천 · 평창 ) 2010.12.21 Kangwon ( 화천 · 평창 ) 2010.12.23 Incheon ( 강화 ) 2010.12.23 Incheon ( 강화 ) 2010.12.29 Code “Red” Critical 2010.12.29 Code “Red” Critical Then spreading to Chungnam, Chungbuk, Then spreading to Chungnam, Chungbuk, Daegu, Kyungnam, Busan, Daejon, Ulsan Daegu, Kyungnam, Busan, Daejon, Ulsan 2011.04.12 Code “Yellow” (current) 2011.04.12 Code “Yellow” (current)

Livestock Disease CONTROL SYSTEMS

Livestock Disease Control Strategy Preventive System KAHI S Korea Animal Health Integrated System Special Disinfection from November to May Central task force for vulnerable areas Strengthen general preventive activities • Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency QIA Livestock Culture System Upgrade Strong anti-epidemic system SOPs for each livestock model, field manual · Best practices Disinfection Level for each farm Vehicle Registration with GPS (from August 2012) I nternational cooperation Livestock Quarantine Cooperation Office (China, Japan, Korea) Participate actively in OI E activity

Vehicle Tracking with GPS system GPS Registration system for Livestock Transporting Vehicles *******

QIA: the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency Animal and Plant Quarantine; Control and Prevention of Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases; and Research and Development of Veterinary Science and Plant Quarantine Technology. Implement disease control and prevention measures proactively to lay the foundation to become a country free of major animal diseases, including FMD and HPAI; strengthen the surveillance and rapid response system for exotic pests and diseases Establish a preventive border quarantine management system to improve productivity and ensure stringent quarantine measures; secure the safety of animals and livestock products preemptively by strengthening risk assessment to actively respond to changes in quarantine conditions Create a better environment with increased support to boost agricultural exports by providing one-stop support for promising export items; Improve quality control of veterinary medicinal products to promote exports and industrial development; enhance animal protection and welfare and encourage public participation in the field Establish a "smart R&D" system to realize the creative economy; pursue field- oriented R&D projects to develop new growth engines and maximize synergy through internal and external collaborative researches; seek to secure convergence technologies

Online Livestock Distribution Chart - KAHIS

Animal Disease Crisis Alert System (rev. Oct 2011) Blue Attention Yellow Caution Orange Warning Red Critical

Animal Disease Control Manuals

Quarantine system for foreign travelers in the airports

Biosecurity – Strategies at different levels Strategies for the prevention of the epidemics in livestock at National Level Community Level and Farm Level

Biosecurity at National Level • Legislation – Law, regulation, etc. • Quarantine at national border • Surveillance on epidemics with high risk KAHIS Surveillance on FMD, HPAI at all times Vehicle Registration and Monitoring • Collection of International info on outbreaks • Education of regional officers

Biosecurity at Community Level • Regional Quarantine/control of movements human, animal, vehicles • Regional disinfection • Regional surveillance • Education of farmers/workers disinfection methods disease control

Biosecurity at Farm Level • Quarantine - prevention of pathogens entry • Disinfection - regularly inside and outside • Prevention - removal of pathogens

Pathogen Entering Points Food, Drinking water, Bedding, Owners, Workers, Visitors, Transport Vehicles, Animals, Wildlife, Insects, Aerosol, etc

Entry Control People: a major cause of transmission Farm workers, Suppliers, Any other visitors Fences and Walls

Deliveries in and out The Rules: transfer at the gate or entrance if possible • Livestock dispatch : full vehicle disinfection before pick up • Waste : disposal and removal at gate only • Carcass and waste storage : burn or transfer off farm at the gate only • Feed deliveries : transfer onto a farm vehicle at the gate only

Feed – Check points at Farm Quality of feed suppliers Farm storage conditions Processed food if possible Delivery control at gate Regular cleaning and disinfection of feed container

Bio Security Service S ystem NEAR FUTURE PROSPECTS

Livestock disease control with rapid diagnosis and prevention Bio Security Service System with the initiative of private sector General Period: 2011.07.11 – 2014.04.30 Active Participants: Kyungbuk, Chungnam, Kangwon, Seoul, Wonju, Chunchun Principal: GIB with 23 companies and 21 institutes

System Description 33

Benefits expected 1. Activation of Related Industries 2. Decrease in the Damage due to the outbreak 3. Increase in employments, sales and investments

Thank You ! heichan@sunmoon.ac.kr