BIONIC BOY PRESENTATION BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY
PRESENTATION Although Ben had not trained to be an Bionic Boy engineer, he was determined to help his son and this inspired him to design prototype arms that could be worn from a much earlier age. His aim was to create Baby Sol was born a light, attractive and personalised in March 2015 and had limb, all produced with a his arm amputated Ben Ryan, Sol’s 3D printer. when he was ten days father, started to research old because of a clot prosthetics. He discovered that in his arm. a prosthetic arm wouldn’t be Ben has founded available for Sol until he was at the company Ambionics least 12 months old – and even in order to develop when Sol is a year old, the artificial this technology for arm would be cosmetic the benefit of families with no grabbing or across the world. holding action. “My aim through Ambionics is to help children everywhere adopt and continue to use prosthetics into adulthood. Offering safe function with no small parts or batteries at the earliest possible age is key to achieving this.” Ben Ryan BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 2
PRESENTATION A prosthesis is a device that replaces a missing part of the human body (from Ancient Greek ‘prosthesis’: addition, application, attachment). What other prosthetics are you aware of? BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 3
PRESENTATION BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 4
PRESENTATION Prosthetics in History Prosthetic hand made In the year 2000, from iron, dating researchers in Cairo, Egypt, around the found what they believe to be 1500s. the oldest artificial body part – a prosthetic toe made of wood and leather found attached to the nearly References to 3,000-year-old mummified remains prosthetic limbs in stories of an Egyptian woman. and poems, date back thousands of years and some of the This provides a good guide to earliest historical accounts how little prosthetic limbs of a prosthetic limb use were recorded in Greek have changed throughout and Roman times. history. BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 5
PRESENTATION Artificial limbs started to be mass-produced in response to the enormous number of casualties in the Second World War. Technology continued to develop after the war with Queen Mary’s Hospital in Roehampton, England, becoming an important centre for manufacturing limbs. Queen Mary’s Hospital, 1941 BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 6
PRESENTATION Take a look at What was Ben’s engineering Ben Ryan’s video challenge? again, record your What engineering materials does answers to the Ben talk about during the video? questions below What technology does he use to create the working arm for Sol? How did he develop Sol’s arm? What stages of development did he go through? Before his son was born, Ben wasn’t an engineer. What engineering skills do you think he needed to learn? What challenges has he encountered in trying to create a prosthetic arm for his son, Sol? BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 7
PRESENTATION Inspired by nature - biomimicry The moving hand Spiders’ legs that Ben developed naturally want to is inspired by the contract, moving way that spiders them inwards. move their legs. The outward movement of the Hydraulic spiders’ legs is controlled power is the by the larger part of their control of fluid to body, which circulates fluid inside the body, flexing the create movement legs hydraulically. or a force BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 8
PRESENTATION Your challenge Sol is The designs that growing up – you create must be he is already 3 suitable for a child years old and is and must fit Sol getting ready to comfortably. Ben would The start school like you to prosthetic can soon. design a prosthetic have ‘superhuman’ arm that Sol can functions, as long use when he is as they are safe at school. for Sol to use. BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 9
PRESENTATION Research What kind of activities might Sol (and other similar-aged children) do when they get to primary school? What size will the prosthetic need to be to fit a younger school aged child? Before you design What materials will it need to be made from to withstand your prosthetic use over time? arm, you must think What might a child want it to look like (eg colour, shape)? about who is going What are the safety considerations for making something to use it and how to be used by a child? they will use it. Does it need to replicate a hand exactly or could it have some additional ‘superhuman’ ability? What technology will your hand need to function? BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 10
PRESENTATION Prototype, evaluate, improve If your ideas involve technology, why not create an aesthetic prototype and explain how it would Can you create a prototype work if you had the technology available. to develop your ideas? What size You could model your idea using materials or will it be? (scale create a virtual model using computer aided prototype) design (CAD). How will the prosthetic arm How have you tested and evaluated your ideas? How will the look? (aesthetic prosthetic arm prototype) work? (functional What further tests might you need to do before prototype) developing your ideas further? BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 11
PRESENTATION Did you Extension Activity 1 know? Hooks Loops Where the Hook and loop works hook and by having two strips of material, loop should be located one with lots of tiny hooks, and one with lots of thinner loops that the hooks Can you can cling to when the two elements design a test that are pressed together... The hooks and will help Ben to loops in Velcro are commonly made work out: from nylon and polyester with Peel Shear The strength strength the hooks being more rigid and maximum thicker than the loops. weight that Sol could carry Tensions Cycle strength life BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 12
PRESENTATION Extension Activity 2 Think of a toy that you played Adaptoys are with when you adapted versions of were younger. popular toys that allow people with physical disabilities to experience The Christopher & How can you the happiness of playing Dana Reeve Foundation, adapt the toy so with their families. who are dedicated to that it could be improving quality of used by someone life for people living with an additional with paralysis, created need? ‘Adaptoys’. BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 13
PRESENTATION Extension Activity 3 QTC is a rubber-like material containing tiny metal particles. It contains the metal nickel embedded in a polymer material. QTC stands for quantum tunnelling composite. When someone When you squeeze it, its electrical resistance drops. picks up an object, they QTC can act as a force sensor because it’s a material can judge how much force to whose resistance increases when it is squeezed. use, because the brain gets feedback from the touch receptors in their hand. Artificial hands (eg for robots or Can you make a for prosthetic limbs) also need Could QTC be tactile sensor a sensing system if they are used to give touch Explore using QTC? to use the correct sensitivity in an the behaviour force. artificial hand? of QTC BORN TO ENGINEER RESOURCES | BIONIC BOY 14
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