From here To here BIBLICAL SURVEY Joseph - Moses: Archaeology
Israel in Egypt – Joseph to Moses
What problems are posed by archaeology compared to the Bible?
University College London 1997
University College London 1997
University College London Subject: The Origin of Early 1997 Israel—Current Debate: Biblical, Historical and Archaeological Perspectives
Israel Finkelstein
“The Rise of Early Israel— Archaeology and Long- Term History” Israel Finkelstein
Israel Finkelstein Neil Silberman
“There is no recognizable archaeological evidence of Israelite presence in Egypt.” Israel Finkelstein Neil Silberman
Abraham, Moses, and the exodus are “a Israel Finkelstein Neil Silberman brilliant product of the human imagination first conceived about 2600 years ago [600 BC ]”
“T A Israel Finkelstein Neil Silberman These are “the guys” S bj
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Allegedly conflicting dates
Allegedly conflicting dates
Allegedly conflicting dates In the 480 th year after the people of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the 4 th year of Solomon’s reign he began to build the temple (1 Kgs6:1)
Allegedly conflicting dates 960 BC In the 480 th year after the people of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the 4 th year of Solomon’s reign he began to build the temple (1 Kgs6:1)
Allegedly conflicting dates 1440 BC Plus 480 960 BC
Allegedly conflicting dates 1440 BC Plus 480 960 BC
Allegedly conflicting dates 1 st “Raamses” 1320 BC 1440 BC Plus 480 960 BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)
Allegedly conflictin 1 st “Raamses” 1320 BC 1440 BC Plus 480 “They built for Pharaoh sto cities, Pithomand Raamse (Ex 1:11)
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible EGYPT SINAI
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible Nile Delta EGYPT SINAI
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible EGYPT SINAI
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible EGYPT SINAI Where is the record?
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible EGYPT SINAI
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible EGYPT SINAI
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible “Any group escaping Egypt against the will of the EGYPT SINAI pharaoh would have easily been tracked down not only by an Egyptian army chasing it from the delta
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible EGYPT SINAI but also by the Egyptian soldiers in the forts in northern Sinai and in Canaan ”
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings SINAI
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings SINAI
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings “Not a single campsite or sign of occupation from SINAI the time of Ramesses II and his immediate predecessors and successors has ever been identified in Sinai”
“Clues” to a 600’s date
“Clues” to a 600’s date Using names of people and places known in the 600’s
“Clues” to a 600’s date Using names of people and places known in the 600’s “Pharaoh” is not named
“Clues” to a 600’s date Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia Egypt
“Clues” to a 600’s date Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia Egypt
“Clues” to a 600’s date Assyria Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia Egypt
“Clues” to a 600’s date Assyria Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have Babylon followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia Egypt
“Clues” to a 600’s date Assyria Persia Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have Babylon followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia Egypt
What problems are posed by archaeology compared to the Bible?
University College London 1997
University College London 1997
University College London Subject: The Origin of Early 1997 Israel—Current Debate: Biblical, Historical and Archaeological Perspectives
Subject: The Origin of Early Israel Finkelstein Israel—Current Debate: Biblical, Historical and Archaeological Perspectives
Israel Finkelstein K. A. Kitchen (Strong in Iron Age (World renown Highland Israeli arch.) Egyptologist)
K. A. Kitchen (World renown Egyptologist)
• Over 250 scholarly books and journal articles since the 1950’s • “The very architect of Egyptian chronology” – The Times 2002 • A leading expert on the K. A. Kitchen “RamessidePeriod” and Egypt’s (World renown “3 rd Intermediate Period” Egyptologist)
Israel Finkelstein K. A. Kitchen (Strong in Iron Age (World renown Highland Israeli arch.) Egyptologist)
Issues need to trump ad hominem Israel Finkelstein K. A. Kitchen (Strong in Iron Age (World renown Highland Israeli arch.) Egyptologist)
Allegedly conflicting dates 1 st “Raamses” 1320 BC 1440 BC Plus 480 960 BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)
Allegedly conflicting dates 1 st “Raamses” 1320 BC 1440 BC Plus 480 960 BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)
Allegedly conflicting dates 1 st “Raamses” 1320 BC Plus 300 1440 BC Plus 480 960 BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)
Allegedly conflicting dates 1 st “Raamses” 1320 BC Plus 300 1440 BC Plus 480 960 BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)
Allegedly conflicting dates 1 st “Raamses” 1320 BC Plus 300 1440 BC Plus 480 960 BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)
Allegedly conflicting dates 1 st “Raamses” 1320 BC Plus 300 1440 BC Plus 480 960 BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)
Allegedly conflicting dates 1 st “Raamses” 1320 BC 1260/50 BC Plus 300 1440 BC 960 BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)
The coming timeline!
Allegedly conflicting dates Not a problem!
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible Nile Delta EGYPT SINAI Where is the record?
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible Nile Delta “Any group escaping Egypt against the will of the EGYPT SINAI pharaoh would have easily been tracked down not only by an Egyptian army chasing it from the delta
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible Nile Delta “Ay group escaping Egypt against the will of the EGYPT SINAI but also by the Egyptian soldiers in the forts in pharaoh would have easily been tracked down not northern Sinai and in Canaan ” only by an Egyptian army chasing it from the delta
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible Nile Delta EGYPT SINAI “They are wandering in the land, the wilderness has shut them in” (Ex. 14:3)
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible Nile Delta “God did not lead them by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near . For God said, ‘Lest the “Any group escaping Egypt against the will of the EGYPT SINAI people change their minds when they see war and return but also by the Egyptian soldiers in the forts in “They are wandering in the land, the wilderness Where is the record? pharaoh would have easily been tracked down not to Egypt.’ But God led the people around by the way of the northern Sinai and in Canaan ” has shut them in” (Ex. 14:3) only by an Egyptian army chasing it from the delta wilderness” (Ex. 13:17-18)
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible Nile Delta EGYPT SINAI
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible Nile Delta EGYPT SINAI
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible Nile Delta EGYPT SINAI
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible
A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible Not a problem!
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings Israelites were called “Asians”
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings Israelites were called “Asians” And there are plenty of writings about Asians!
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings EGYPT SINAI
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings EGYPT SINAI Serabitel-Khadim
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings
Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings Still no problem!
“Clues” to a 600’s date
“Clues” to a 600’s date Using names of people and places known in the 600’s
“Clues” to a 600’s date Using names of people and places known in the 600’s This is even more true for the Ramessid era
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