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Hypertension in Emergency Medicine Michael Jay Bresler, M.D. SUGGESTED LITERATURE Page 3 Pathophysiology (Also discussed in reviews above) Beevers G, Lip GY, O'Brien E. The pathophysiology of hypertension, BMJ . 2001;322:912–916. Bautista LE. Inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and the risk of high blood pressure: epidemiologic and biological evidence. J Hum Hypertens . 2003 Apr;17(4):223-230. Ault MJ, Ellrodt AG. Pathophysiologic events leading to the end organ effects of acute hypertension, Am J Emerg Med. 1985;3:10–15. Strandgaard S, Paulson OP. Cerebral autoregulation, Stroke . 1984;709:413–416. Okada M, Matsumori A, Ono K, et al., Cyclic stretch upregulates production of interleukin-8 and monocyte chemotactic and activating factor/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in human endothelial cells, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol . 1998;18:894–901. Verhaar MC, Beutler JJ, Gaillard CA, et al., Progressive vascular damage in hypertension is associated with increased levels of circulating P-selectin, J Hypertens. 1998;16:45–50. Specific Treatment Modalities Abstracts of the American Society of Hypertension 23rd Annual Scientific Meeting. May 14-17, 2008. New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. J Clin Hypertens . 2008 May;10(5 Suppl A):A1-169. Moser M, Oparil S, Cushman W, Papademetriou V. The ALLHAT study revisited: do newer data from this trial and others indicate changes in treatment guidelines? J Clin Hypertens . 2007 May;9(5):372-80. Kowaluk EA, Seth P, Fung HL. Metabolic activation of sodium nitroprusside to nitric oxide in vascular smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1992 Sep;262(3):916-22. Kowaluk EA, Fung HL. Vascular nitric oxide-generating activities for organic nitrites and organic nitrates are distinct. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1991 Nov;259(2):519-25.
Hypertension in Emergency Medicine Michael Jay Bresler, M.D. SUGGESTED LITERATURE Page 4 Agvald P, Adding LC, Artlich A, et al. Mechanisms of nitric oxide generation from nitroglycerin and endogenous sources during hypoxia in vivo. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Jan;135(2):373-82. Morgenstern LB, Hemphill JC, 3 rd , Anderson C, et al. Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2010;41:2108-29. Adams HP, Jr., del Zoppo G, Alberts MJ, et al. Guidelines for the early management of adults with ischemic stroke: a guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, Clinical Cardiology Council, Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council, and the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease and Quality of Care Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Groups: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline as an educational tool for neurologists. Circulation 2007;115:e478-534. Arima H, Anderson CS, Wang JG, et al. Lower treatment blood pressure is associated with greatest reduction in hematoma growth after acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Hypertension 2010;56:852-8. Anderson CS, Huang Y, Arima H, et al. Effects of early intensive blood pressure lowering treatment on the growth of hematoma and perihematomal edema in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT). Stroke 2010;41:307-12. Flanigan JS, Vitberg D. Hypertensive emergency and severe hypertension: what to treat, who to treat, and how to treat. Med Clin North Am. 2006 May;90(3):439- 51. Review. Davis BR, Piller LB, Cutler JA. Role of diuretics in the prevention of heart failure: the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial. Circulation. 2006;113:2201-2210. Bender SR, Fong MW, Heitz S, Bisognano JD. Characteristics and management of patients presenting to the emergency department with hypertensive urgency. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2006 Jan;8(1):12-8. Fenves AZ, Ram CV. Drug treatment of hypertensive urgencies and emergencies. Semin Nephrol . 2005 Jul;25(4):272-80.
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