Assessment of water resources for improved water governance under climate change: Case in Stung Chreybak catchment of Tonle Sap Great Lake Basin in Cambodia an on ‐ going research Sarann LY & Chantha OEURNG វិទយ� ថ នបេចចកវិទយកមពុជ DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE | GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION INSTITUT DE TECHNOLOGIE DU CAMBODGE
The Introduction & Objective ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia • Cambodia is one of the most disaster ‐ prone countries in South East Asia, with its vulnerability to annual floods and droughts • Without having an efficient water resources management system, it would be difficult to talk about food security, environment and safe future of man kind • Understanding water availability of catchment is important for improving water resources allocation to adapt with climate change Strengthening the resilience of • communities to help them to cope with existing challenges to their livelihoods is a must The main objective is to assess water resources and water use in Chreybak catchment: present and future 2 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Study Area ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia The main geology dominated by ancient alluvial at the upstream and recent alluvial at the downstream with elevation ranges from 5 to 1568 meters The hydrology of the catchment is governed by two contrasted patterns with water discharge starting to increase in early July and peaking in September/October. Low flows occurred from November to May. 3 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia 700 km 2 4 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Chrey Bak River Hydrological station HS2 (Chiprorng) 5 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) 6 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Current Meters 7 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Water Level (Logger) Rating Curve Discharge (ADCP) � � � ��� � � � � � � Flow Cross Velocity Section Height Rating Curve Analysis 8 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia 100 Q2 = 1.847 (H2 ‐ 1.234) 3.521 100 90 Qrat = 0.933 Qobs RMSE = 3.595 R² = 0.970 80 80 MEPE = 0.178 Qrat (m3/s) 70 60 NASE = 0.966 Q2 (m3/s) CODE = 0.971 60 40 Rating curve for HS2 50 20 40 (upstream station) 0 30 0 20 40 60 80 100 20 Qobs (m3/s) 10 0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 H2 (m) 200 200 180 Qrat = 1.024 Qobs R² = 0.933 160 160 Qrat (m3/s) 140 120 Rating curve for HS1 Q1 (m3/s) 120 80 (downstream station) 100 40 80 Q1 = 34.313 (H1 ‐ 1.968) 1.487 0 60 RMSE = 13.961 0 40 80 120 160 200 MEPE = 0.473 40 Qobs (m3/s) NASE = 0.928 20 CODE = 0.935 0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 H1 (m) 9 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Weather Station 10 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Meteo Station MS1 11 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Meteo Station MS2 12 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Meteo Station MS3 13 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Meteo Station MS4 14 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Data Collection and Processing ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Soil Sampling Double Rings Cylinder Auger, soil sampling 15 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Climate Scenarios ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia • Six scenarios groups ‐ the three scenario families A2, B1, and B2, plus three groups within the A1 scenario family, A1B, A1FI, and A1T no single most likely, “central”, or “best ‐ guess” scenario • 16 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING Precipitation (mm) 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 50 Climate Scenarios 0 1/1/2010 1/1/2011 1/1/2012 1/1/2013 1/1/2014 1/1/2015 1/1/2016 1/1/2017 1/1/2018 1/1/2019 1/1/2020 1/1/2021 1/1/2022 1/1/2023 1/1/2024 WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION 1/1/2025 1/1/2026 A2 scenarios ‐ Station 1 1/1/2027 1/1/2028 1/1/2029 1/1/2030 1/1/2031 1/1/2032 1/1/2033 1/1/2034 1/1/2035 1/1/2036 1/1/2037 1/1/2038 1/1/2039 1/1/2040 1/1/2041 1/1/2042 1/1/2043 1/1/2044 For Future of Cambodia ENGINEERING The 1/1/2045 1/1/2046 1/1/2047 1/1/2048 Tmin Tmax P 1/1/2049 1/1/2050 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Temperature (0C) 17
DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING Precipitation (mm) 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 50 Climate Scenarios 0 1/1/2010 1/1/2011 1/1/2012 1/1/2013 1/1/2014 1/1/2015 1/1/2016 1/1/2017 1/1/2018 1/1/2019 1/1/2020 1/1/2021 1/1/2022 1/1/2023 1/1/2024 WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION 1/1/2025 1/1/2026 B2 scenarios ‐ Station 1 1/1/2027 1/1/2028 1/1/2029 1/1/2030 1/1/2031 1/1/2032 1/1/2033 1/1/2034 1/1/2035 1/1/2036 1/1/2037 1/1/2038 1/1/2039 1/1/2040 1/1/2041 1/1/2042 1/1/2043 1/1/2044 For Future of Cambodia ENGINEERING The 1/1/2045 1/1/2046 1/1/2047 1/1/2048 Tmin Tmax P 1/1/2049 1/1/2050 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Temperature (0C) 18
The Modelling approach using the SWAT Model ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia • SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) by USDA • SWAT is a physically based model developed to predict the impact of land management practices on water, sediment and agricultural chemical yields, water supply, and climate change on water resources from small to large complex watersheds with varying soils, land use and management conditions. 19 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The SWAT Model Data Input and Output ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Digital Elevation Model Input Digital elevation map (DEM) Soil and Landuse data from the Mekong River Commission (MRC) Meteorological data Soil map data from the Mekong River Commission (MRC) & soil Landuse properties from Oeurng et al. (2012) for the SWAT soil Slope Sub-Catchment database. Landuse data obtained from Japanese International Soil Cooperation Agency (JICA) and reclassified for SWAT input. Meteorological data included 4 rainfall stations which have a Outlet point HRU: Hydrologic River Response Unit complete measurement of daily Output minimum and maximum air temperature, wind speed, solar Flow, Sediment, radiation and relative humidity Nutrients , Pesticides, (Anual timesteps >> daily) (June 2010 to November 2013) contamination bacteria 20 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Basin and sub ‐ basins ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia The catchment was discretised into 40 sub ‐ basins with multiple landuse and soil classification. 21 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
The Results ENGINEERING For Future of Cambodia Observed and simulated daily discharge at Chreybak catchment outlet (baseline) 22 DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS ‐ REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION
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