Appr Appropri opriations ations Subcommitt Sub committee ee - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Hea Hearing ring of the of the Appr Appropri opriations ations Subcommitt Sub committee ee on on Cor Correct rections ions 4 TH OF DECEMBER 2019, LANSING, MI

Des Descriptiv criptive S e Stud tudy y of MD of MDOC OC Staf taff Well ell-bei being: ng: Contributing F Contributing Fact actor ors, s, Outcomes Outcomes, , and A and Actio ctionable Solut nable Solutions ions

Study conducted by Desert Waters Correctional Outreach and Gallium Social Sciences Caterina Spinaris, Ph.D. Nicole Brocato, Ph.D. HT HTTP TP://DES ://DESERT ERTWATERS.COM TERS.COM

What Do the Data Show?

Clinical Disorder Rates by MDOC Work Group

Percentage of All MDOC Staff Screening Positive for Clinical Disorders 50 47 45 40 35 Rate (%) 30 25 22 19 20 16 15 9 10 5 0 Depression Anxiety PTSD Alcohol Suicidal Abuse Ideation Using weighted survey data

Clinical Disorder Rates by Work Group 1. Women’s Custody staff 2. Women’s non -custody staff 3. Men’s custody staff 4. Men’s non -custody staff 5. Field Operations Administration, Parole and Probation Agents 6. FOA all other staff 7. Headquarters Managers/Supervisors 8. Headquarters Support staff

Co-occurring Disorder Estimates for All MDOC Staff Custody staff % Non-custody (n) staff % (n) Depression & 20% (1303) 5% (302) PTSD …& 18% (1203) 5% (279) Generalized Anxiety …& Alcohol 8% (515) 1% (71) Abuse …& Active < 1% (61) < 1% (6) suicide plans Using weighted survey data

Path Model Supported by the Data

Health Outcome Variables Used in Path Model ▪ So Social cial He Healt alth: h: quality of staff relationships with direct supervisors, coworkers and offenders ▪ Work ork He Healt alth: h: morale, physical and emotional energy levels, and job satisfaction ▪ Me Mental ntal He Healt alth: h: screening for depression, PTSD, anxiety, alcohol abuse, suicidal thoughts and behaviors ▪ Ph Phys ysical ical He Healt alth: h: sum of 22 diagnoses ▪ Fami amily ly He Healt alth: h: withdrawal, unavailability, and behaviors based on work trauma

Final Path Model of the Variables Studied and their Relationships Interpr rpret eting standa ndardized rdized path th componen ents ts in c complex ex models Small < .2 Modest st .2-.3 .3 Stro trong .3-.4 .4 Unusually large > . .4

Most Important Outcome Variables 1. Wor ork k He Health alth 1. 2. Soc Social Health ial Health 2.

What Do Staff’s Comments Tell Us? ▪ Rel elat ations ionships hips wi with co cowor orker ers and and s sup uper ervi visor ors char aract acterize erized d by m y mis istrus trust, t, ang anger er and f and fea ear ▪ Perceiv erceived ed pu punit nitiv ive e and r and retal aliat iator ory y le leade adersh ship ip st styles yles ▪ Perceived “heavy handed” investigative and disciplinary practices of staff that produce produce anx anxiety iety and and f fea ear ▪ Progr Progres essiv ively ely inc incre reas asing ing lo loss of em of emplo ployment yment be bene nefit its s = lo = loss of inc of incen entiv ives es and and lo loss of de of desire ire to w o work ork at at MD MDOC OC ▪ Perc erception eption of of no not bei being v ng val alue ued d by th y the S e Stat ate e of of Mic Michig igan or an or MDOC ▪ Ma Manda ndator ory y over erti time me = e = exh xhaus austion, tion, sle leep ep de depr priv ivat ation and f ion and fam amil ily y li life e di disru ruption ption ▪ Pr Pris ison on clo losures ures = fa famil ily y li life di disruptio ruption

What Do the Data Mean? Actionable Conclusions and Recommendations

Mental Health Difficulties ▪ There are serious levels of mental health difficulties among most MDOC Work Groups in comparison to national data for the general population, the military and first responders

Custody Staff Most Severely Affected and in Need of Most Help ▪ Of all Work Groups, custody staff at male facilities exhibited: ▪ highest rates of mental health disorders ▪ lower Social Health ▪ lower Work Health

Quote “There com comes es a poi a point whe nt when n we we need to st need to stop op ju just st pu pulli lling ng pe peop ople le ou out t of of th the river. river. We need to go upstream and find out why they’re fa falling lling in in .” ~ Desmond Tutu

Work Health in Dire Need of Improvement • Work ork He Healt alth h (demoralization, physical and emotional exhaustion, and job dissatisfaction) was the mo most st inf influe luent ntial ial Ou Outc tcome ome var ariab iable le, , st stron ongly gly or or un unusuall usually y st stron ongly gly impacting: ▪ Me Ment ntal al He Healt alth, , Fam amily ily He Healt alth, , Ph Phys ysica ical l He Healt alth ▪ Th The bes e best w t way t y to impac o impact t Me Mental ntal He Health alth is is through thr ough the the impro improvement ement of of Work ork He Health alth

Social Health in Dire Need of Improvement ▪ Work ork He Healt alth h in t in tur urn n was as st stron ongly gly im impac pacted d by y So Socia cial He Healt alth ▪ Th The bes e best w t way t y to impac o impact t Work ork He Health alth is is thr through ough the the impro improvement of ement of So Social cial He Health alth ▪ So Socia cial He l Healt alth: h: Qu Qualit ality y of staff’s professional re relat lation ionship ships s with direct supervisors, coworkers and offenders

Psychological Trauma Does Not Happen in a Vacuum ▪ Lack of social support post-trauma increases risk of PTSD for combat veterans (Gates, Holowka, et al., 2012) ▪ High levels of work strain (organizational and administrative stressors) increase PTSD risk in firefighters (Corneil, Beaton, et al., 1999)

Psychological Trauma Does Not Happen in a Vacuum ▪ High levels of work social support and family social support lower risk of PTSD in firefighters (Corneil, Beaton, et al., 1999) ▪ Positive leadership in military units (positive command climate) increases soldiers’ resilience /resistance to the effects of trauma (Meredith et al. 2011, RAND report)

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System-wide Programming ▪ Progr Program ammi ming ng de desig signed ned to im o impro prove both both Work ork He Healt alth h an and So d Socia cial He l Healt alth is an is an e essent ssential ial an and v d vit ital al st star artin ting g poi point nt as as MDO MDOC C to c o con ontin tinues ues to p o pur ursue sue ways ys t to o inc incre rease ase emp mplo loyee ee well ll-be being ing (MD MDOC OC Stra Strategic Plan gic Plan 2 2019 19-2022 2022). ).

Research-supported Programming Strategies • Spe pecializ cialized ed st staf aff tr f train aining ings and s and progr program ams s to o inc include lude: ▪ Le Leade adership ship sk skills ills ▪ Ma Mana nage geme ment sk nt skills ills ▪ Int Interp erper ersonal ski sonal skills lls ▪ Se Self lf-care/ care/welln ellness ess sk skills ills • Im Imple plemen mentat tation ion of of po polic licie ies, em s, emplo ployme yment nt be benefits nefits, , inc incenti ntives es an and re d resour sources ces th that at imp impact act the the workf orkforce orce cu cult lture ure an and in d incr crease ease st staf aff w f work e ork eng ngage agement ment

Research-supported Programming Strategies • Im Imple plemen mentat tation ion of of par parti ticip cipat ator ory y meth methods ods th that at con conti tinu nually ally inc incorpor orporat ate emp mplo loyee ee feedba edback • Main ainten enance ance of of lon long-ter erm, syst m, system em-wide wide st staf aff f welln llness ss effor orts ts

Than Thank y k you. ou. Que Questions? stions?