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ANDaNA: Onion Routing for NDN Steve DiBenedetto Colorado State University ANDaNA: Anonymous Named Data Networking Application NDSS 12 Steven DiBenedetto, Paolo Gasti, Gene Tsudik, Ersin Uzun Information Linkage & Leakage I:


  1. ANDaNA: Onion Routing for NDN Steve DiBenedetto Colorado State University ANDaNA: Anonymous Named Data Networking Application NDSS ’12 Steven DiBenedetto, Paolo Gasti, Gene Tsudik, Ersin Uzun

  2. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve

  3. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve

  4. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve

  5. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve { mmHg: 100 }

  6. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve { mmHg: 100 }

  7. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve { mmHg: 100 }

  8. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve { mmHg: 100 }

  9. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve { mmHg: 100 }

  10. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve

  11. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve

  12. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve

  13. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve

  14. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve

  15. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve

  16. Information Linkage & Leakage

  17. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Lifetime: <int> Loc: /fitbit/key

  18. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key Lifetime: <int> { mmHg: 100 } Loc: /fitbit/key

  19. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key Lifetime: <int> { mmHg: 100 } Loc: /fitbit/key

  20. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key Lifetime: <int> { mmHg: 100 } Loc: /fitbit/key

  21. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key Lifetime: <int> { mmHg: 100 } Loc: /fitbit/key

  22. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key Lifetime: <int> { mmHg: 100 } Loc: /fitbit/key

  23. Information Linkage & Leakage I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key Lifetime: <int> { mmHg: 100 } Loc: /fitbit/key • Encrypted names, payloads, and header fields may link requester to sensitive content or leak information

  24. Onion Routing in NDN I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 23

  25. Onion Routing in NDN I: /OR-1 I: /OR-2 I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 24

  26. Onion Routing in NDN I: /OR-1 I: /OR-2 I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 25

  27. Onion Routing in NDN I: /OR-1 I: /OR-2 I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> /OR-1 Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-2 26

  28. Onion Routing in NDN I: /OR-2 I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 27

  29. Onion Routing in NDN I: /OR-2 I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 28

  30. Onion Routing in NDN I: /OR-2 I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 29

  31. Onion Routing in NDN I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 30

  32. Onion Routing in NDN I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 31

  33. Onion Routing in NDN I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Nonce: <rand-int> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 32

  34. Onion Routing in NDN D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } /OR-1 /OR-2 33

  35. Onion Routing in NDN D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } /OR-1 /OR-2 34

  36. Onion Routing in NDN D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 { mmHg: 100 } /OR-2 35

  37. Onion Routing in NDN D: /OR-2 D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } /OR-1 /OR-2 36

  38. Onion Routing in NDN D: /OR-2 D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } /OR-1 /OR-2 37

  39. Onion Routing in NDN D: /OR-2 D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } /OR-1 /OR-2 38

  40. Onion Routing in NDN D: /OR-1 /OR-1 D: /OR-2 D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve /OR-2 Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } 39

  41. Onion Routing in NDN D: /OR-1 D: /OR-2 D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } /OR-1 /OR-2 40

  42. Onion Routing in NDN D: /OR-1 D: /OR-2 D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } /OR-1 /OR-2 41

  43. Improvements Over Tor Need fewer relays than Tor (2 vs 3) • – Potentially 1 less Internet-wide RTT ANDaNA paths are HIGHLY ephemeral • – No path setup cost – Change keys and relays at will during a Data stream without interruption – Tor sets up much longer lived circuits in comparison (~ 10 minutes) Symmetric key session-based mode also available • – Can be freely intermixed with public key crypto mode for the same Data stream. NDN gives us a lot for free • – CS improves retransmission and chance for cache hit at exit node – OR prefixes can refer to multiple relays – OR directory more robust to attacks thanks to signed Data 42

  44. The Exit Node Problem D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Exclude: <name-comp> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 43

  45. The Exit Node Problem D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Exclude: <name-comp> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 /OR-2 44

  46. The Exit Node Problem D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Exclude: <name-comp> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 NDN-NP environments are not the general case: both are privacy/security aware /OR-2 45

  47. The Exit Node Problem D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Exclude: <name-comp> Loc: /fitbit/key /OR-1 NDN-NP environments are not the general case: both are privacy/security aware /OR-2 46

  48. The Exit Node Problem D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Exclude: <name-comp> Loc: /fitbit/key NDN-NP environments are not the general case: both are privacy/security aware /OR-2 47

  49. The Exit Node Problem D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Exclude: <name-comp> Loc: /fitbit/key NDN-NP environments are not the general case: both are privacy/security aware /OR-2 48

  50. The Exit Node Problem D: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Loc: /fitbit/key { mmHg: 100 } I: /omh/blood-pressure/steve Exclude: <name-comp> Loc: /fitbit/key NDN-NP environments are not the general case: both are privacy/security aware /OR-2 49

  51. Summary • ANDaNA provides a Tor-like service for NDN, but new tradeoffs to consider • ANDaNA is fundamentally a proxy: use as many (or few) relays as needed 50

  52. Thoughts • What’s the threat model for NDN-NP? • Tradeoffs: – ANDaNA provides low latency anonymity – Mix networks could be used if NDN-NP can tolerate latency • Implementing confidentiality: – Confidentially must be left to applications. – Users don’t own the network, but can own overlays 51

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