AMELIA EARHART ELISA GARCÍA GARCÍA
INDEX � Biography � Achievements � Flight around the world � Dissappearance � Inspiration � Other important women pilots
BIOGRAPHY � Amelia Earhart was born in Atchinson, Kansas on July 24,1897. Her family moved frequently and she lived in many towns. � She was a very adventurous person; she got the idea of flying after attending a plane demostration at the age of 7 and since then her dream would be to fly a plane. � She studied as a premedical student in the university of Columbia. And during World War I she served as a nurse in The Red Cross. � After the war she took her first flight with a famous pilot called Frank Hawks and she liked it so much that she started flying lessons. In 1921 she bought her first plane, which she named the Canary.
� In 1923 she obtained her pilots license, and since then she flew many times both alone and with her copilot Fred Noonan. She set many new records and followed her dream of flying which by that time was very difficult for women. � Appart from flying, she also fought for women rights, female equality and worked to promote opportunities for women in aviation � She helped create the association of The Ninety-Nines, an international organisation for the development of female pilots. It prepared other women to become pilots and encouraged them to follow their dreams. This organisation still exists and Amelia was made its first president. � She also wrote several books such as “The fun of it”, “ 20 Hours and 40 Minutes” and “ The last flight”.
ACHIEVEMENTS � Amelia Earhart accomplished many different records along her life and took many trips and flights which would make her become so well known. 1. She set the woman’s world altitude record when she rose to 14.000 feet. 2. In 1928 she became the first woman to fly the Atlantic. 3. In 1929 she was placed third in the First Women Air Derby. 4. In 1931 she became the first woman to fly an autogyro and set with it an altitude record of 15.000 feet.
1. In 1932 she became the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic, the first person to fly the Atlantic twice, the first person to cross the U.S.A in an autogyro and the first woman to receive the Distinguished Flying cross. 2. In 1933 she became the first woman to fly non-stop from coast to coast across the U.S.A. and set a woman’s transcontinental speed record. 3. In 1935 she became the first woman to fly solo from Hawaii to California and she set a speed record. Also she was the first person to fly solo from Los Angeles to Mexico City. 4. In 1937 she began the flight around the world.
FLIGHT AROUND THE WORLD � It began the 1st of June of 1937 when Amelia Earhart set off from Oakland California with her copilot Fred Noonan. She wanted to fly around the world and therefore become the first woman to achieve this. � It was their second attempt to fly around the world, they had already tried it in march,but their plane ( Lockheed Electra L-10E ) had crashed during takeoff in Honolulu. � During 44 days they flew making several stops from time to time. They had had to modify their route due to weather conditions and therefore were heading east.
� On July 2nd they set off from Papua New Guinea heading towards Howland island, which is in the Pacifiic and it was one of their last destinations, but as it is a very small island, it was a difficult place for landing. � To make landing easier a radio communication was installed with the U.S. Coast Guard ship Itasca in Howland Island. � The problem was that they found problems related to cloudy skies and a lot of rain. In addition they couldn’t communicate correctly with the ship and were unable to see the island and land on it. � The last message received from Amelia was received at 8:43 a.m. which said “ We are running north and south”. They never made it to the island and althought they were searched for, they were never found.
DISSAPEARANCE � Many different theries have been made in ralation to what could have happened to Amelia and Fred. 1. One of the theories is that the plane crushed into the Pacific Ocean killing Amelia and Fred. But eventhought many deep ocean searches have been made, the plane has never been found. 2. Another theory is that appart from being a pilot, she was also a spy and that she had been hired to control the Japanese militaty installations on the Marshall Islands. The theory states that the plane was shot down by the Japanese or captured by them. She was held captive and in 1945 was liberated and she returned to America with a new name.
1. The last and most accepted theory is that they crash-landed on a Pacific island called Nikumaroro and that they survived there as castaways. � This theory is the most accepted as the plane continued to transmit radio signal for a week, so it couldn’t have sunk. Also many people claim that they had heard the voice of a woman throught their radios asking for help. � Another fact that sustains this theory is that some years later some bones were washed on the coast of Kiribati, near Nikumaroro, and they are though to belong to a woman. And a piece of aluminium belonging to the plane was also found in Nikumaroro.
INSPIRATION � Amelia Earhart’s courage and adventurous spirit has inspired many generations of women to follow their dreams and become pilots, and who have followed her example of courage and fight for equality between men and women. � Many of this women then became the aviators of the second World War and some even decided to become astronauts who worked for the NASA. � Amelia also inspired Eleanor Rosevelt, the president’s wife, with who she had a close friendship and who later fought for women rigths and equality. When she saw Amelia’s courage she decided she also wanted to fly a plane, and later flew on many planes with president Franklin D Roosevelt.
OTHER IMPORTANT WOMEN PILOTS � Jacqueline Cochran: she supported that women participated in the airforce, she was the director of the Women Air Force Service Pilots and received a service medal for her role after the war. She also wrote during the Second World War to Eleanor Roosevelt proposing the idea of a women’s flying division. � Bessie Coleman: she was the first African American women to gain an international pilot’s licence. Although she had many problems becoming a pilot because she was an African American woman, she didn’t give up and went to France to complete her course. Her career consisted on aerobatic shows, and she died when she was thrown from her aircraft.
� Sally Ride: she was the first American woman that travelled into space, joining the crew of the space shuttle Challenger. She had a career in the field of space aviation, and worked with NASA. She travelled twice to space during her career. � Amy Johnson: she was the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia as well as the first woman in the world to become an aircraft engineer. She joined the Air Transport Auxiliary during the Second World War, and died when her plane crashed into the sea.
� Valentina Tereshkova: she became the first woman to travel into space and did this as a part of the Soviet space programme, she travelled in the Vostok and completed 48 orbits. She has received many honours and awards which recognise all her achievements. � Sheila Scott: she was a British aviator who broke 100 aviation records in 7 years. She was the first British person to fly solo over the North Pole as well as being the first British pilot to fly solo across the world. � Polly Vacher: she was a British pilot who flew around Australia, solo across the United States and across the North Atlantic in both directions. She became the first woman to fly solo over the polar regions, after flying over the North pole, Antartica and all seven continents; she also flew around the world to raise money for the charity “ Flying Scholarships for the Disabled”.
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