. Methodology . . . . . . . . . Introduction Corpus Results . Conclusion Acknowledgments and references Aligning Discourse and Argumentation Structures using Subtrees and Redescription Mining Laurine Huber 1 , Yannick Toussaint 1 , Charlotte Roze 1 , 1 LORIA, Université de Lorraine, France 2 ATILF, Université de Lorraine, France ArgMining August 1, 2019 L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 / 35 Mathilde Dargnat 2 and Chloé Braud 1
. . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . Corpus Methodology Results Conclusion Acknowledgments and references Discourse structure ( reason, cause, concession ... ) ( RST ) L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 / 35 ▶ Semantic and pragmatic relations between text segments ▶ Rhetorical Structure Theory [Mann and Thompson, 1988] ▶ Distinction between nucleus and satellite
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction Corpus Methodology Results Conclusion Acknowledgments and references Argumentation Structure ( support, attack, ... ) L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 / 35 ▶ Argumentation relations between text segments ▶ Macro-structure of argumentation [Freeman, 2011] ▶ Distinction between premisse and conclusion
. . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . Corpus Methodology Results Conclusion Acknowledgments and references So what? Goal: Understand the similarities between discourse and argumentation structures. L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 / 35 ▶ Building bridges between theories ▶ Improve Argument Mining systems
. Conclusion . . . . . . . . Introduction Corpus Methodology Results Acknowledgments and references . Corpus ”Should Germany introduce the death penalty?” 1: The death penalty is a legal means that as such is not practicable in Germany. 2: For one thing, inviolable human dignity is anchored in our constitution, 3: and furthermore no one may have the right to adjudicate upon the death of another human being. 4: Even if many people think that a murderer has already decided on the life or death of another person, 5: this is precisely the crime that we should not repay with the same. * available online L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 / 35 ▶ ArgMicroTexts corpus [Peldszus and Stede, 2015] * ▶ 112 short argumentative texts ▶ 18 controversial questions
. Conclusion . . . . . . . . Introduction Corpus Methodology Results Acknowledgments and references . Corpus ”Should Germany introduce the death penalty?” 1: The death penalty is a legal means that as such is not practicable in Germany. 2: For one thing, inviolable human dignity is anchored in our constitution, 3: and furthermore no one may have the right to adjudicate upon the death of another human being. 4: Even if many people think that a murderer has already decided on the life or death of another person, 5: this is precisely the crime that we should not repay with the same. * available online L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 / 35 ▶ ArgMicroTexts corpus [Peldszus and Stede, 2015] * ▶ 112 short argumentative texts ▶ 18 controversial questions
. Conclusion . . . . . . . . Introduction Corpus Methodology Results Acknowledgments and references . Corpus ”Should Germany introduce the death penalty?” 1: The death penalty is a legal means that as such is not practicable in Germany. 2: For one thing, inviolable human dignity is anchored in our constitution, 3: and furthermore no one may have the right to adjudicate upon the death of another human being. 4: Even if many people think that a murderer has already decided on the life or death of another person, 5: this is precisely the crime that we should not repay with the same. * available online L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 / 35 ▶ ArgMicroTexts corpus [Peldszus and Stede, 2015] * ▶ 112 short argumentative texts ▶ 18 controversial questions
. Conclusion . . . . . . . . Introduction Corpus Methodology Results Acknowledgments and references . Corpus ”Should Germany introduce the death penalty?” 1: The death penalty is a legal means that as such is not practicable in Germany. 2: For one thing, inviolable human dignity is anchored in our constitution, 3: and furthermore no one may have the right to adjudicate upon the death of another human being. 4: Even if many people think that a murderer has already decided on the life or death of another person, 5: this is precisely the crime that we should not repay with the same. * available online L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 / 35 ▶ ArgMicroTexts corpus [Peldszus and Stede, 2015] * ▶ 112 short argumentative texts ▶ 18 controversial questions
. . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . Corpus Methodology Results . Acknowledgments and references Corpus (a) ARG annotation (b) RST annotation L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 / 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . ▶ Macro-structure of argumentation [Peldszus and Stede, 2016] ▶ RST ▶ (SDRT [Lascarides and Asher, 2007]) [e4] Even if many [e1] The death [e3] and furthermore [e2] For one thing, people think that a [e5] this is penalty is a legal no one may have the inviolable human murderer has already precisely the crime means that as such right to adjudicate dignity is anchored decided on the life that we should not is not practicable upon the death of in our constitution, or death of another repay with the same. in Germany . another human being. person, 4 5 2 3 c9 c7 c6 c8 1
. Corpus . . . . . . . . . . Introduction Methodology . Results Conclusion Acknowledgments and references Overview of the approach Goal : can we align ARG and RST at the subtree level ? 1. Representing ARG and RST structures as trees 2. Building two descriptions of each text 3. Aligning set of subtrees that describe almost the same set of texts L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 / 35 ▶ ARG and RST descriptions ▶ A description is a set of subtrees
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction Corpus Methodology Results Conclusion Acknowledgments and references Representing ARG and RST structures as trees Goal: Unify and anonymise the structures. L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 / 35 ▶ Transform ARG and RST structures into labeled trees ▶ Keep only structure, no text
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction Corpus Methodology Results Conclusion Acknowledgments and references Representing ARG and RST structures as trees Goal: Unify and anonymise the structures. L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 / 35 ▶ Transform ARG and RST structures into labeled trees ▶ Keep only structure, no text
. Representing ARG and RST structures as trees : ARG . . . . . . Introduction Corpus Methodology Results Conclusion Acknowledgments and references . . ARG annotation CC _ _ und _ _ sup sup reb ARG tree derivation L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . 9 / 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [e4] Even if many [e1] The death [e3] and furthermore [e2] For one thing, people think that a [e5] this is penalty is a legal no one may have the inviolable human murderer has already precisely the crime means that as such right to adjudicate dignity is anchored decided on the life that we should not is not practicable upon the death of in our constitution, or death of another repay with the same. in Germany . another human being. person, 4 5 2 3 c9 c7 c6 c8 1 ▶ Root : central claim ▶ Parent : conclusion ▶ Child : premisse
. Acknowledgments and references . . . . . . . Introduction Corpus Methodology Results Conclusion Representing ARG and RST structures as trees : RST . RST annotation CC _ _ conces _ _ conj reason reason RST tree derivation L. Huber (LORIA) Aligning Disc. and Arg. structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 / 35 ▶ Root : most central nucleus ▶ Parent : nucleus ▶ Child : satellite
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