Aerospace Overview WHERE PRECISION SOARS LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL Luminator Proprietary & Confidential
About Lloyd FRANCIS Apprentice trained Aviation Design Engineer, engines, systems and airframes. Part 21J CAMO Glider enthusiast. 3 rd PAVCon LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL 2
Luminator Technology Group 1934: 1970’s: 2010: Founded Luminator Holding, LLC Luminator Technology Group ❑ Founded in 1934, Luminator Technology Group (LTG) is a privately held company that has been an innovator in the design and manufacture of lighting, signs and passenger information systems for more than 80 years serving three major transportation sectors: aerospace, bus, and rail ❑ Leveraging technologies and best practices across divisions delivering the latest advancements to multiple markets and global customers ❑ Luminator Technology Group has sales of over $250M annually LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL 3
Luminator Divisions Aerospace Bus Systems Railway Systems • General Illumination • Destination • Fluorescent Lights Signage Lighting Systems • RGBW Mood Lights • Reading Lights • LED Interior • LED Lighting • Seat Accent Lights Lighting Systems • Emergency Escape Lights and Signs • Passenger Information • Voice Systems • Accessory Lighting Signs • Landing Lights • INFOtainment • Air Diffusers • Wingtip Navigation Lights • Anti-Collision Lights • Cargo Lights • Aftermarket • Destination • Lighted Switches Services: Signage • Passenger Control Units • Training • Actuation Systems • Service Support • Electronic Control Units LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL 4
Rotary Content Overview “Tip to Tail Illumination” Interior Lighting (NVIS) Position/ Navigation Lights Fixed Landing Lights Interior Lights HSL-1600 Searchlight LED Searchlights LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL 5
Fixed Wing Content Overview Interior Lighting & Signs Logo Lighting Premium Seat Lighting & Operations Lighted Switches Passenger Safety Systems Main Cabin Lighting Drop-in LED Lighting Wingtip / Navigation Lighting LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL 6
Safe working with LEDs. What is light Differences between light bulbs and LED’s A brief history of MIL-L-81174/2B Limitations of LED’s Safe use of LED’s in Police / HEMS flight LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL 7
What is light ❑ The best way to think about light is as a wave of energy that travels through the air and bounces off things and then into your eyeball. The difference between visible light and other kinds of wavy radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum, such as x-rays, microwaves and radio waves, is the wavelength -- the distance between the peaks of the wave, measured in meters. Your eyeball has these rod and cone photoreceptor cells that just happen to be sensitive to a certain range of these wavelengths, which we call the visible spectrum. Remember ROYGBIV? LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
What is light ❑ To understand the difference between watts and lumens, you first need to understand a few fundamental properties of light. LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
What is light LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
What is light ❑ How bright something looks by your eyeball is related to (a) the rate of energy and (b) the wavelength. ❑ Radiant power or radiant flux is the total energy emitted over the entire electromagnetic spectrum, per unit time. This power is in units of watts, the common unit that everyone is used to shopping for the old- school incandescent bulbs. A 60 watt incandescent bulb consumes 60 watts of total electrical power and gives off approximately 45 watts of total radiant power (the other 15 watts are lost in the electronics). ❑ Yet, of these 45 watts of energy emitted from an incandescent lightbulb, most of it is completely invisible to the human eye. That is, incandescents give off a whole bunch of light your eyes just can't see. LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
What is light ❑ Only a small slice of the emitted "light" from an incandescent bulb falls in the range of wavelengths visible to the human eye (390 to 700 nanometers), and the rest falls in the invisible infrared (IR) range, as shown in the figure above. An incandescent bulb is actually more efficient at making heat than light. ❑ To complicate matters, the human eye does not see visible wavelengths equally. The average daytime color sensitivity of your cone cells, shown above in the black dashed line above, a curve sometimes referred to as the luminosity function. Your eye is most sensitive to wavelengths in the middle of the visible range, corresponding to green light. It's just a nature of how your eyeball works. Think of it as a filter that happens to pass more green light through your eyes to your brain. LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
Differences between light bulbs and LED’s • Because the human eye is only sensitive to a small range of wavelengths, and some of those wavelengths more than others, we need another way to measure and represent useful light. After all, a lightbulb will only appear bright if we can see the light it emits. Luminous power (also called luminous flux or photometric power), is a way to represent the power of light taking into account this wavelength- dependent sensitivity of the human eye. Luminous power is perceived radiant power. Luminous power is the power of light you can actually see with your eyeball . LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
Edison LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
Differences between light bulbs and LED’s LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
Differences between light bulbs and LED’s • The unit for this luminous power is the lumen (lm). To measure lumens, you must measure the total radiant power in watts for the entire range of wavelengths (the red curve above) and then take a weighted average with the luminosity function of the human eye (the black curve above). The result of this mathematical magic is luminous power, which represents the perceived power of visible light . • For a standard 60 watt incandescent lightbulb, although most of the energy it emits is totally invisible, the output is still equivalent 800 lumens of visible light LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
Differences between light bulbs and LED’s LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
Differences between light bulbs and LED’s ❑ What are the Major Deficiencies in Incandescent Lights: ❑ Amongst the deficiencies in incandescent lighting are the following: ❑ Incandescent lights have the worst energy efficiency on the market. incandescent lamps have efficiency ratings around 10 lumens/watt. Unfortunately most of the energy they consume (~90%) goes into generating heat. ❑ Incandescent lights have the worst lifespan on the market. The average bulb lasts around 1,200 operating hours. This means that even though incandescent bulbs are cheap to purchase, you have to purchase a whole lot of them (50-100) to equal the lifespan of a single LED. Overall that means high maintenance costs. ❑ Incandescent lights are omnidirectional. Omnidirectional lights produce light in 360 degrees. This is a large system inefficiency because at least half of the light needs to be reflected and redirected to the desired area being illuminated. The need for reflection and redirection of light means that the output is much less efficient for omnidirectional lights due to losses than it would be for the same light if it were directional by its nature. LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
Differences between light bulbs and LED’s ❑ What’s The Major Upside to LED Lights: ❑ There are four major advantages to LED lighting: ❑ LEDs have an extremely long lifespan relative to every other lighting technology (including LPS and fluorescent lights but especially compared to incandescent lights). New LEDs can last 50,000 to 100,000 hours or more. The typical lifespan for an incandescent bulb, by comparison, is 1-5% as long at best (roughly 1,200 hours). ❑ LEDs are extremely energy efficient relative to every other commercially available lighting technology. There are several reasons for this to include the fact they waste very little energy in the form of infrared radiation (heat), and they emit light directionally (over 180 degrees versus 360 degrees which means there are far fewer losses from the need to redirect or reflect light). ❑ Very high light quality. ❑ Very low maintenance costs and hassle. ❑ In addition to the major advantages, LED lights also offer several smaller perks. These include the following: ❑ Accessories: LEDs require far fewer accessory lamp parts. ❑ Color: LEDs can be designed to generate the entire spectrum of visible light colors without having to use the traditional color filters required by traditional lighting solutions. ❑ Directional: LEDs are naturally directional (they emit light for 180 degrees by default). ❑ Size: LEDs can be much smaller than other lights (even incandescent). ❑ Warm-Up: LEDs have faster switching (no warm-up or cool-down period). LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
MIL-L-81174/2B Searchlights LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
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