Advanced Virgo and Einstein Telescope Bas Swinkels (Nikhef) 7 th Belgium-Dutch GW meeting Groningen 29/05/2018 Advanced Virgo B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 1
Advanced Virgo A lot has happened since the last meeting ... ● B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 2
AdV commissioning before O2 Delayed due to various technical issues, main one was the repeated breaking of the monolithic fibers ● Decided to temporarily suspend mirrors with steel wires ● Commissioning was rushed to be able to join LIGO for the O2 science run ● Final big issue (aliasing of high frequency mirror modes) was solved only 3 weeks before the run ● Managed to join for just last month ... ● B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 3
Advanced Virgo in O2 Participated for 24 days with 85% duty cycle, ~27 Mpc BNS range ● GW170814: first triple detection of a BBH ● GW170817: first detection of a BNS, low SNR in Virgo since it was ● in our blind spot, actually helped for the sky localization GW signal in coincidence with a GRB: start of multi-messenger ● astronomy, most observed event ever B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 4
Post-O2: Monolithic supsension Problem identified and corrected : improved venting of vacuum system, fiber guards ● Mirrors re-installed with fused-silica fibers, should give theoretical increase from 30 to 50 Mpc ● Quality factor of violin modes lower than expected, suspect slightly increased thermal noise due to ear ● damage B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 5
Other post-O2 upgrades Installed frequency independent squeezer built by AEI Hanover, beam into interferometer being aligned ● Replaced high-power laser amplifier (100W), up to 60 W available after Input Mode Cleaner ● New pre-mode-cleaner ● Installed seismometer arrays for testing Newtonian noise cancellation ● B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 6
Post-O2 commissioning Increase of input power from 14 to 26.5 W, first use of Thermal Correction System ● Recovering of lock after suspension upgrade took bit longer than foreseen. Only recently back in low ● noise operation, best sensitivity so far 25 Mpc Unblocked External Injection Bench ● Goal: start O3 early next year with sensitivity of at least 60 Mpc ● Considerable contribution to commissioning effort by Nikhef members, see e.g. phase camera talk by ● Laura B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 7
AdV+ upgrade 1 Mid-life upgrade of Advanced Virgo, transition form Advanced Virgo to Third Generation observatories, ● factor 2 improvement in sensitivity Phase 0 (120 Mpc): complete Advanced Virgo: ● monolithic suspensions: done, but improvement to be confirmed – high power laser: watch out for parametric instabilities, thermal effects – signal recycling: needs auxiliary green laser, or alternative lock acquisition strategy – Phase 1 (160 Mpc): ● frequency dependent squeezing: needs a ~300 m filter cavity – Newtonian news cancellation (see Boris’ talk for the sensors) – B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 8
AdV+ upgrade 2 Phase 2 (300 Mpc): larger beams on larger, heavier mirrors ● Needs extensive R&D on coatings, upgrade of coating equipment, adaption of suspensions ● Exact details (optical design, mirror sizes) still TBD ● B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 9
Einstein Telescope B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 10
ET potential sites Birth of the ET collaboration, sign up for the letter of intent! http://www.et-gw.eu/index.php/letter-of-intent ● 3 candidate sites so far: ● BE/DE/NL: Liege/Aachen/Maastricht area – strong political support, interesting geology (see Soumen’s talk), lots of universities/high- tech companies nearby Italy: mountains in north of Sardinia – very uniform geology, dry, remote area Hungary: Matrá mountains, only limited seismic studies – B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 11
ET prototype and other studies AEI 10 m CLIO 100 m (cryogenic) Will need to test key technology at prototype level before ET construction ● Recently submitted a pre-proposal for an InterReg project between provinces from Vlaanderen and south ● of NL, money is for facility only, need matched funding from others (NL groups, BE groups, province ...) ~10 m Fabry-Perot Michelson with cryogenic test masses ● Proposal so far is ‘for politicians only’, technical details to be decided soon ● More funding opportunities in the next years, also with Germany ● Urgent need for study of geologic/seismic feasibility of ET in the NL/BE/GE area ● B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 12
Conclusions Joined O2 science run just in time, and what a time it was ... ● Post O2: short shutdown to finally install monolithic payloads, squeezer, high ● power laser Ambitious goal to reach 60 Mpc for O3 by the end of the year ● AdV+ upgrades: bridge between AdV and ET ● Time to prepare a serious bid to host ET in the NL/BE/DE area in the next years, ● need to act now B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 13
End B. Swinkels – AdVirgo & ET - Groningen 14
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