ADECS Underwater Defence Technology Asia 2020 Submarine - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ADECS Underwater Defence Technology Asia 2020 Submarine Proliferation - A Regional Overview Collin Koh RSIS Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies 4 February 2020 Singapore

Submarine Proliferation: Regional Comparison 250 234 228 200 200 178 164 150 122 100 93 84 50 36 35 27 26 25 20 18 15 0 1989 1999 2009 2019 Caribbean and Latin America Europe and North America Middle East and North Africa Asia-Pacific Source: IISS Military Balance corroborated with other sources.

Rise of lower-tier submarine builders also enables submarine proliferation

Submarine Proliferation: Tonnage Comparison Sub. Displ (ton) 1989 1999 2009 2019 >3500 11 22 44 71 3000-3500 6 11 12 11 2500-3000 20 12 4 2 2000-2500 11 21 38 30 1500-2000 118 80 41 33 1000-1500 6 14 13 18 <1000 6 74 48 63 Source: IISS Military Balance corroborated with other sources.

Capability Trends • Better quieting (anti-sonar anechoic tiles, internal acoustic-suppression) • Better submerged endurance (AIP, fuel-cell, Li-ion battery) • Better combat systems (i.e. sensors and weapons control) • Better standoff weapon capabilities (long-range anti-ship cruisemissiles and SLCMs)

Submarine Proliferation: Propulsion Comparison 250 228 200 188 187 172 150 100 50 29 12 9 6 6 3 0 0 0 1989 1999 2009 2019 Conventional AIP Nuclear Source: IISS Military Balance corroborated with other sources.

Expeditionary Force Projection Vietnam People’s Navy Kilo -class submarine firing Klub SLCM. Video: https://vndata.blogspot.sg/2018/01/vietnam-kilo-class-submarine-launches.html (from -0.27 onwards)

Other Forms of Proliferation

Submarine Emergency Response (SMER) Capabilities 300 250 7 17 8 200 5 150 234 228 100 200 178 50 0 1989 1999 2009 2019 Submarines SMER Assets Source: IISS Military Balance corroborated with other sources.

Final Thoughts

Thank you!