APRICOT2005 IPv6 Technical Session A view of cellular network migration toward IPv6 23 February 2005 Dr. Fumio Watanabe General Manager, Wireless Broadband System Development Department "au" Technology Division, KDDI Corporation
Contents 1. Cellular Network 2. Migration Scenario and Process toward IPv6 3. Communication Services over IPv6 APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 2
1. Cellular Network
History of Mobile Communication 2000s 1980s 1990s “Emerging Era” “Rapid Growing Era” “Flourishing Era” 3rd Generation 2nd Generation 1st Generation Digital Global/Multimedia Analog • High Quality Voice • Voice • Voice • High Speed Data • Voice band Data • Multimedia • SMS • Global Mobility TACS, AMPS, NMT, GSM, PDC, IS-136, ITU-R M.1457 NTT HighCap, etc IS-95 (cdmaOne), IMT-2000 DECT, PHS, etc. W-CDMA, CDMA2000 IMT-2000: International Mobile Telecommunications Developed by 3GPP Developed by 3GPP2 APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 4
3GPP and 3GPP2 3GPP 3GPP2 3rd Generation Partnership 3rd Generation Partnership 2 Technology Radio Access : W-CDMA Radio Access : cdma2000 Core Network : Evolved GSM Core Network : Evolved ANSI-41 Organizational ARIB(Japan), CCSA (China), ARIB(Japan), CCSA (China), Partners ETSI (EU), ATIS (North America), TIA (North America), TTA(Korea), TTA(Korea), TTC(Japan) TTC(Japan) Establishment Dec 1998 January 1999 The Partners have agreed to co-operate in the production of globally 3GPPs Agreement applicable Technical Specifications and Technical Reports for a 3rd Generation Mobile System to be transposed by the relevant standardization bodies (Organizational Partners) into appropriate deliverables ( e.g ., standards). - Established for the preparation, approval, mentioned Technical Specifications and Technical - Not to be construed as a legal entity. APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 5
IMT-2000 Standard Evolution Evolution 1st Step Evolution 2nd Step Original - FL enhancement - - RL enhancement - (Apr 2004) (Oct 2000) 1xEV-DO Rev.0 1xEV-DO Rev.A CDMA2000 1x 3GPP2 FL: max 2.4Mbps FL: max 3.1Mbps 144kbps data (CDMA2000) RL: max 153.6kbps RL: max 1.8Mbps (2004) (2003) HSDPA Rel. 6 HSDPA Rel. 5 W-CDMA 3GPP -UL improvement -DL improvement DL 384kbps data (W-CDMA) (UPA) (HSDPA) UL 64kbps data DL(Down Link) = FL(Forward Link) UL(Up Link) = RL(Reverse Link) APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 6
IMT-2000 Subscriber Growth in Japan Number of 18 W - C D M A 2G & 3G Subs. Number of 3G Subs. 85,774,700 16 C D M A 2 0 0 0 1 x end of Jan, 2005 Total 26,958,900 14 31% Subscribers au 17,115,000 Number of Subs. (Million) already migrated DoCoMo 9,316,600 12 to IMT-2000, Vodafone 527,300 Jan. 2005 10 Dec, 2002 Vodafone launch 8 Apr, 2002 W-CDMA 6 KDDI launch monthly increase over CDMA2000 4 Oct, 2001 Apr. 2004 DoCoMo launch 2 W-CDMA 0 2001/12 2002/03 2002/06 2002/09 2002/12 2003/03 2003/06 2003/09 2003/12 2004/03 2004/06 2004/09 2004/12 Year/Month The Telecommunications Carriers Association (TCA) APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 7
Mobile Internet Services Mobile Internet Users: 86% of Mobile Phone Subscribers (Jan. 2005) 80 L i v e ! Number of Subs. (Million) E Z w e b Jan., 2005 70 i - m o d e Total 73.9 i-mode (DoCoMo) 43.2 60 EZweb (KDDI) 17.7 Number of Subs. (Million) Live! (Vodafone) 13.0 50 40 30 20 10 0 2000/06 2000/09 2000/12 2001/03 2001/06 2001/09 2001/12 2002/03 2002/06 2002/09 2002/12 2003/03 2003/06 2003/09 2003/12 2004/03 2004/06 2004/09 2004/12 Year/Month The Telecommunications Carriers Association (TCA) APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 8
One example: KDDI (“au”) Data network and Service Services of “PacketOne” / “PacketWIN” network � EZweb Mobile Internet Services (WAP, e-mail, GPS...) � CPA Internet access (Intranet / Internet) (CDMA Packet Access) WAP server mail server Location server EZweb Network the handset PacketOne Internet PacketWIN Internet Service CPA PC + handset Provider Radio Access IP Core Network Network Enterprise network APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 9
IP Mobility Support 3GPP model 3GPP model HLR Area 1 SGSN1 Gateway GPRS Support Node H/O GGSN SGSN2 IP core network Server Serving GPRS Support Node Area 2 New GPRS* Link Mobile Node *General Packet Radio Service 3GPP2 model 3GPP2 model AAAs Packet Data Serving Node Area 1 PDSN1 Border H/O Router PDSN2 IP core network Server HA Area 2 New PPP link New Mobile IP Link Mobile Node APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 10
Cellular Data Network with IPv4 AAA Server Area 1 handset Proxy Server PC + handset AAA Mail Server Server the Area 2 Internet (IPv4) Proxy Server handset Mail Server PC + handset Multiple domains are required for tens of millions of subscribers in a IPv4 Network. APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 11
Cellular Data Network with IPv6 Area 1 AAA handset Server PC + handset Proxy the Server Internet Area 2 (IPv6) handset Mail Server PC + handset One domain can serve tens of millions of subscribers in a IPv6 Network. APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 12
Why IPv6 for Cellular Network? IPv6 is a solution because it provides abundant IP address resources. Tens of Tens of whose benefits are: whose benefits are: millions of millions of • Simplifying network configuration Simplifying network configuration • Active Active • Capable of providing multiple IP Capable of providing multiple IP • Mobile Mobile addresses for a device addresses for a device • Capable of Providing real IP Push Capable of Providing real IP Push • Stations Stations services services A remedy is to change IP addresses whose concerns are: whose concerns are: frequently. • Attacks on global IPv6 addresses Attacks on global IPv6 addresses • • Larger IP Header for real time data Larger IP Header for real time data • A remedy is header than IPv4 than IPv4 compression technology. APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 13
2. Migration Scenario and Process toward IPv6
Overview of Typical IPv6 Migration Scenario of Cellular System IPv6 penetration IPv6 Access from Cell phone Application/Browser (Goal) IPv6 Access from Mobile PC/PDA … Native IPv6 (1st Step) (2nd Step) … Tunneling IPv6 Present Future APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 15
Typical IPv6 Migration Scenario of Cellular System Cell IP Core NW Application Server VoIP Server Phone Capability Capability Capability IPv4 only Present IPv4 only IPv4 only • IPv4 is dominant. • Cellular network doesn’t support IPv6. • Cellular VoIP isn’t popular. 1st Step IPv4 only IPv4 and IPv4 only • IPv4 is dominant. • Tunneling IPv6 services Tunneling IPv6 • Cellular VoIP isn’t popular. for PC/PDA 2nd Step Mainly IPv4 IPv4 and IPv6 IPv4 only • IPv6 access becomes popular.. • Native IPv6 Services for dual stack • Cellular VoIP isn’t popular. PC/PDA Goal IPv4 and IPv4/IPv6 IPv4 and IPv6 IPv6 dual • IPv6 Services for cell dual stack • Cellular VoIP becomes popular. stack phone application APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 16
Typical IPv6 migration scenario of cellular System (cont.) IPv6 Communication Present Tunneling Tunneling node is Tunneling located outside of Cellular IP Network cellular network. IPv6 Appli. (IPv4) Server (IPv6) Node Tunneling Client IPv6 Communication 1st Step Tunneling Tunneling node is Tunneling IPv6 NW Cellular IP Network located in cellular (IPv4) network. IPv6 Appli. Server (IPv6) Node Tunneling Client IPv6 Communication 2nd Step IPv6 NW IP nodes supports Cellular IP Network IPv4/v6 dual stack. (IPv4/IPv6 Dual) Server (IPv6) IPv6 Appli. IPv6 Communication IPv6 NW Goal Cellular IP Network Cell Phone supports (IPv4/IPv6 Dual) Server (IPv6) IPv6 Appli. IPv6 stack. APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 17
KDDI’s Action at the present “ISATAP” Field Trial ISATAP (Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol) - Open to “au.net” users (KDDI’s mobile Internet service) - No registration required - No extra IPv6 charge (Only access charge for au.net) Commercial KDDI “au” network IPv6 network IPv4 network (3) IPv6 communication ISATAP (1) Connect to au.net Router (2) Setup ISATAP going outside IPv6 Internet IPv6 remote access from outside http://www.isatap.jp APRICOT 2005 IPv6 Technical session, 24 Feb, 2005, F. Watanabe 18
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