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!"#$%"&'( A super quick introduction • !"## • $%&'"()*+ to molecular biology and • ,-./0-.1+*"23")4" genomics • 5)6"%('7)4" • 8")" • !6%&9&*&9" • :%7)*4%(;<&)+&%+8")"+=>;%"**(&) Héctor Corrada Bravo Dept. of Computer Science • :%7)*#7<&) Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology • 8")&9" University of Maryland • ?7*"@;7(%+A.+:+!+8B • 0"C3#7<&) • =;(C")"<4* University of Maryland, Spring 2012 Monday, January 30, 2012 1 Monday, January 30, 2012 2 )*#$+&"$'#$,*-./&"0$ )*#$ !"#$# (1,*$+$2-34 $$(1,*$2-3(4 %&'()*+,'-#.'//0-# "'*!1)/20"-#,3)*'2( Monday, January 30, 2012 3 Monday, January 30, 2012 4

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E61&("$K&3+0-J+860$GL-6I E"0%&+.$B63'+$$ M?@&+0(,&-2860N$O"+(1&-03$3"0"$P+,8>-%#Q R?S"31.+860N$D0+.#J-03$%&+0(,&-2860$&"31.+860 T?7"0"8,(N$D0+.#J-03$3"06%#2"($+0/$%*"-&$ +((6,-+860$%6$/-F"&"0%$2*"06%#2"( U?92-3"0"8,(N$O"+(1&-03$"2-3"0"8,$2&6V."($ W?X0%"3&+860N$Y6A$%6$21%$%*"("$/+%+$%63"%*"&$+0/$ 10/"&(%+0/$=-6.63-,+.$(#(%"'(?$ $(;2<2;9!/2B';# "';2.2(' N Monday, January 30, 2012 9 Monday, January 30, 2012 10 E*&6'6(6'"( BCD ,-.*+A,"&>G%(H&)34#"(4+74(E*B+7%"+9&#"43#"*+ '&+*'&%"+C")"<4+()D&%97<&)+&D+7+#(F()C+ &%C7)(*9S ,-.+4&)*(*'*+&D+'K&+;&#G9"%*+97E"+D%&9+D&3%+ 'G;"*+&D+)34#"&<E"*I+7E")()"+A.B+C37)()"+A8B1+ 4G'&*()"+A!B+7)E+'6G9()"+A:BS $3%()"*I+.1+8T+$G%(9(E()"*I+!1+: :K&+;&#G9"%*+7%"+4&9;#"9")'7%G+'&+"746+ &'6"%+7)E+D%&9+7+E&3H#"@6"#(>+*'%34'3%" 5’-ACCGTTCGACGGTAA-3’ ||||||||||||||| 3’-TGGCAAGCTGCCATT-5’ O7'*&)+7)E+!%(4P+QNJR :6"*"+7%"+74'37##G+6397)1+7)E+D&%+7+E&K)+*G)E%&9"+;7<")' Monday, January 30, 2012 11 Monday, January 30, 2012 12

O"+(1&"'"0% • Z6&$+$('+..$"0613*$2-","<$A"$,+0$'"+(1&"$%*"$ ("[1"0,"$6:$=+("(<$&":"&&"/$%6$+($ 0'C9'(.2(: • Y1'+0$7"06'"$5&6\",% Monday, January 30, 2012 13 Monday, January 30, 2012 14 7"06'" TCAGTTGGAGCTGCTCCCCCACGGCCTCTCCTCACATTCCACGTCCTGTAGCTCTATGACCTCCACCTTTGAGTCCCTCCTCTCACACCTGAC ATGAAAAGGCACATGAGGATCCTCAAATACCCCGTGATCAGTCTCAGGGTAGCTCTCATAGCCTGGACAGGGCCCCCCTCGGGGGTTGCGCCC AGGTCCAGGCGGGGGATGCACAGCAACAGTCACCGAAGCAGAAGCCGTCACAGTGGTGATGGGCTGGCAGTAGCTGGGCACAGAGCTGCCCAT GGCGGTGGACGTTGGGTTCCGAGGGTTGTGAGAACGGGCCCCACGGGGCCCTGAGCGGTCCCTATTGCTAGGGCCAGAATGCCCTTCAGTAGA AATTTCAAAAGCGTCTCTGCGCGGTCTGTAGGGGGGTGGCCGCAAGCCTTCTCTAGGGGGATCCCTTCGAGGCTGCTGGCCTTGCCGTCCAGG GGACAAGGAGCCAGAGTCCAGGTGGGGCTGTTGCCGAGGGGTCAAGGGAGGCTGATGTCTGGAGTCCGGATGGACCACCTGCAGAGGAGAGAC ATAGGTCAACACAGGGAGGTAGGATGGTGGTGATGTTCCACCCACAAAAGAAAACCTATTCCTTTAGAAACCTCCAGGATGTGAATCCTGCCT GCACCTGCACAGCTGGCTGGAGGCATATAGCCACTGCCCATAGATCTCAACTTACCCTCACAACCAACTGCCCCCAGGCCTAAGTTCTCTGCC TCAAAACTGCCAAGGCCTGGATAGCCAAGAGCCTGGGTGTCTTGGAAATATGCAACCATAAATAGTAGCTTTTAGAAGTATAAGGCTCCTGTT TCTGGGTCATATTAGTGTTGTTTTCACCTGTCCCCAGCCCTAAGCCAGGTGTGGCCAGAAGCAAATGTACTGTAAGAGCAGAGCAAAAACTTC CACACAGATAGTTCTGTTAGGCAATACATCTCTGCCTGACTATTAGGAATCTGGTTTCTGGGTCCTCTGTACAAAGCTCGGAGCAACACAGTG GCCACATCAATCAAAAGGACCGTGACCAACTTCAAAGTCGGTGAGCTTGTACCTATTTTTAGGCTCCTGCTGAACAGAACCAGATTCACACTA CAGCTCAGCAGGGCATCGTCACGGGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTTGGGGGGGGGGGGTGGACAGAGGACGGGGAC ACAATTCACTGGCCAGCCCTTCTCTCCTTCAAGGAAGGCTGCTCTAGCCTGGGACTGGAATACACATTTCCTGTAAACATGGTGGGGGCCTCA GGCAAGCCAGAGTTTTGGAGCCTTCCTTAACTCTTCAAGGTGAGCATCTTGACTTGGAGGGTGGGGGTGCGGGTAAGGAAGGAACCTGTGGAC TCCTCCCTACAAGACAGAAAAGGAATAAGCCACGAAGACAATAACGATTTTTGTATCAAGCGTCCTCTCCCATTTCAGCTTACCTGACAATGA AATCAAATTCGGACCCTGCAAGCATCAGTACACCCAGCAGAGTGGACACAGCACCGTCCAGAACGGGAGCAAACATGTGCTCCAGAGCGAGCA TAGCCCTGTGGTTCTTGTCCCCAATGGCTGTCAGAAAGGCCTGAACAAAGGAGAAAATTGACACGGTCACATTCTGGGTGTGGTAAAGTGCTC AGCTGTGTCTATACTTGGGTTTTGTAT… !"#$%&$'"()#&"*&+,-&.)&/('$)&01)"'12& 3&4&56 7 &8$91&:$.;9&<8:= Monday, January 30, 2012 15 Monday, January 30, 2012 16

S"2.-,+860 : . : . : . : . ! 8 ! 8 8 ! 8 ! . : . : : . : . : . : . . : . : ! 8 ! 8 8 ! 8 ! . : . : Monday, January 30, 2012 17 Monday, January 30, 2012 18 : : . +++!++++++!+++!++8++:++.+.++ . : . : : . 8++:+ . : . ! ! 8 +.++:+:++:+++8++++ 8 ! 8 8 8 ! ! 8 ! . . : +++++:++:++8+8++8+:+.+.+:+ : . : : : . 8+!++ . : . : : . . : . . . : +++.+:+8+8+++8+:+!+.+.+ : . : ! ! 8 + 8 ! 8 8 8 ! :+:+.+ ! 8 ! . . : : . : ++:+:+:+++.+++8++:+++.++8+ +++++.+.+:+++8+:+++! ?7*"*+7F7(#7H#"+()++&3%+4"##* Monday, January 30, 2012 19 Monday, January 30, 2012 20

>/?&$;1&#/191&#@"&A.B1;1)#C : . : . : . : . ! 8 ! 8 8 ! 8 ! . : . : : . : . : . : . . : . : ! 8 ! 8 8 ! 8 ! . : . : ,(L"%")4"*+">;#7()"E+HG+Q@QUV+E(L"%")4"+()+C")&9" W(9(#7%(<"*+">;#7()"E+HG+*(9(#7%+C")"* Monday, January 30, 2012 21 Monday, January 30, 2012 22 7"0"( 8")" 8")" 8")" 8")" 8")" Monday, January 30, 2012 23 Monday, January 30, 2012 24

@&+0(,&-2860 @&+0(.+860 ,-. C T A G C G C T C | | | | | | | | | G A T C G C G A G 0-.+ ;&#G9"%7*" C U A G C G 90-. 6X;I//C"#SG9S"E3S'K/YG4#M/*4ZUUJ/(97C"*/'%7)*#7<&)SC(D Monday, January 30, 2012 25 Monday, January 30, 2012 26 The genetic code E"0%&+.$B63'+$$ Monday, January 30, 2012 27 Monday, January 30, 2012 28