A Comparison of Communication Mechanisms in Vehicular Edge Computing - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

A Comparison of Communication Mechanisms in Vehicular Edge Computing Liangkai Liu, Baofu Wu and Weisong Shi Wayne State University http://thecarlab.org 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 1

Outline • Motivation • Contributions • Experimental Setup and Prototype • Wi-Fi, LTE, DSRC • Comparisons and Evaluation • latency, power dissipation, system utilization • Future Work 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 2

Motivations Cloud Server Ethernet/ Optical Fiber BS RSU DSRC/LTE/ LTE WiFi DSRC/LTE/WiFi DSRC: Dedicated Short-Range Communications 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 3

Contributions • To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first comparison of communication mechanisms of LTE, Wi-Fi, and DSRC using real VEC applications. • An end-to-end communication prototype is built which can support LTE , DSRC , and Wi-Fi . On top of the prototype, ROS, Socket, and Ping messages are implemented. • We evaluated the communication prototype in latency, power dissipation , and system utilization and get three observations for the real deployment of VEC applications. 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 4

Experiment Setup • Computation Device • Intel Fog Refence • Communication Devices • Wi-Fi router • USRP B210 board + VERT • Mokar DSRC RSE + OBE Wi-Fi Router USRP B210 DSRC RSE DSRC OBE VERT-2450 ! " 3D LiDAR # Computing Platform • Autonomous Driving Robot Batteries HD Cameras • HydraOne Mecanum Wheels DC Motors w/Encoder https://thecarlab.org/hydraone/ 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 5

End-to-End Prototype OBU_device RSU_device roscore talker talker DSRC messages listener listener TCP server 192.168.253.10 192.168.253.10 TCP server Image/ICMP/BSM messages Socket Socket messages messages 192.168.0.127 192.168.0.200 192.168.253.1 RSU Router OBU TCP client 192.168.253.1 TCP client Wi-Fi RSPC OBPC roscore roscore roscore RSPC_talker OBPC_talker talker listener talker listener Image/ICMP/BSM RSPC_listener OBPC_listener messages EPC eNB UE 172.16.0.1 USRP B210 USRP B210 172.16.0.2 RSU OBU RSU OBU LTE DSRC 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 6

Comparisons • Messages • ICMP-based: Ping message • Robot Operating System (ROS) messages: • Basic Safety Message (BSM): from DSRC protocol • Image • Metrics • End-to-End latency • Power dissipation • System utilization 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 7

End-to-End Latency Average End-to-End Latency Latency of BSM with different speed Latency (ms) LTE Wi-Fi DSRC Latency (ms) LTE Wi-Fi DSRC BSM 3.12 67.96 8.46 0 m/s 3.12 15.06 8.88 image 6174.32 1733.90 - 3 m/s 657.28 12.99 9.12 Ping 25.02 50.49 - 5 m/s 1071.52 16.18 9.21 Observation 1: A communication mechanism which can RSU à OBU: OBU à RSU: provide sufficient and stable bandwidth is still missing. 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 8

Power Dissipation Observation 2: There are non-negligible power dissipation for communication connections for LTE and DSRC. 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 9

System Utilization Overhead of LTE RSU OBU Metrics 1GB memory ros master eNB UE Memory (Mb) 50.364 1599.532 1488 CPU (%) 2.22 27.73 23.56 Raspberry Pi 3B+ Observation 3: The usage of srsLTE as well as ROS introduces non-negligible system overhead. 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 10

Future Work GM Mobility Research Center • Outdoor experiments • C-V2X, 5G included into the comparison • Accelerator-based devices included into RSU 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 11

Thanks! Q & A Email: liangkai@wayne.edu 6/18/20 Connected and Autonomous dRiving Laboratory 12