Workshop on “Water Cooperation Quotient” and exchange between African and Middle- Eastern experts Water Cooperation Quotient - ORASECOM 9 th August 2016, Entebbe, Uganda By Rapule Pule, Water Resources Specialist, ORASECOM Secretariat
Oued Bon Naima Shared Medjerd INTRODUCTION (1 of 4) Guir a Tafna Daoura Dra Atui River Basins Baraka Senegal Gash Niger Awash Lake Chad Gambia Nile Geba Volta Corubal Great Scarcies Little Scarcies Juba- Moa Shibeli Mana-Morro Cross Loffa Akpa Yao St. Paul Lake Turkana Komoe Sanaga Congo St. John Lotagipi Swamp Bia Ntem Cestos Tano Umba Benito Cavally Mono Utambon Pagani Sassandra Oueme i Ogooue Lake Natron Nyanga Rovuma Chiloango Africa’s 63 shared river Zambezi basins contain: Cunene Cuvelai Okavango/ Pungué • 65 % of the area Makgadikgadi Buzi Limpopo Save • 75 % of the people Incomati Orange Umbeluzi N Maputo 0 500 1000 • 93 % of the surface water Thukela Kilometres
INTRODUCTION (2 OF 4)
INTRODUCTION (3 OF 4) R I V U E Q R N C E O S A M N - A L E W S M E O S G T T I O H S N B O S A I ORASECOM R O Basin Area : 1 N O A N C A I M R I F B A I A H T U O S million sq km. E 0 s 0 t a 2 0 b l i d s h e INTRODUCTION Rain- (3 OF 3) fall : 1800mm in Lesotho highlands to 45mm at River mouth. Population Depending on Basin Water: 19 million (Earle et al. 2004). Precipitation: MAR = 11 900 Mm3 (377 M3/s = 0.9% of Mighty Population Living Basin States: Congo River Flow) , & Within Basin: 14,27 Botswana, about 30% of Lesotho, Namibia million Total) reaches river mouth and South Africa.
INTRODUCTION (4 OF 4) R I V U E Q R N C E O S A M N - A L E W S M E O S G T T INTEGRATED ORANGE VAAL SYSTEM I O H S N B O S A I ORASECOM R O N O A N C A I M R I F B A I A H T U O S E 0 s 0 t a 2 0 b l i d s h e Support Sub- Vaal Orange systems (LHWP) Senqu Shared Resource 5
WCQI 1. HISTORY OF WATER COOPERATION AND AGREEMENTS IN THE BASIN Joint Permanent Permanent Water Technical Joint Technical Commission & Joint Committee 2000 Commission Irrigation Authority 1983 1987 1992 Joint Joint Permanent Joint Permanent Technical Technical Commission Water Committee Lesotho Highlands Committee Water Commission 1986 1990 1978 1999 1975 2011 Botswana Lesotho Mandate: To advise Parties on matters related to development, utilisation and Namibia conservation of the water resources in the South Africa River system.
• WCQI 2. COMMISSION Contributions towards Core Functions per year per country = ZAR800,000 (USD57,840) using exchange rate of 5 Aug 2016) • Secretariat Location : Centurion, South Africa Forum of the Parties • Costs for Secretariat hosting: Fully paid by (Ministers) South Africa as host Country • Frequency of Meetings : 2 times per year for Task Teams and Council, and 1 time per year Committee of Senior Officials for Ministers • Hosting of Meetings : Rotate among countries • Costs for meetings : (i) Venue paid by country Council of hosting a meeting, (ii) Each delegation pays Commissioners for its meeting participation costs (travel, subsistence, and accommodation) Task Teams Secretariat (4) Executive Secretary National Core Staff (7 including E.S.) Seconded Communications Legal Technical Finance Staff (2) Finance and Policy Programme Water Resources Quality Communication Administratio Analyst Water Coordinator Working Group s and n Officer Resources Knowledge Specialist Management Water Specialist Administration Ground Water Hydrology Committee Legal Resources Assistant Expert & Economist Surface Water Hydrology Working Group
WCQI 3. MINISTERIAL MEETINGS Progress thus Far: • September 2005, Mohale, Lesotho • March 2011, Cape Town, South Africa • March 2013, Gaborone, Botswana • August 2014, Windhoek, Namibia • November 2015, Maseru, Lesotho Purpose: To review progress regarding implementation of the work programme of ORASECOM and provide policy & political guidance
WCQ Indi ndica cator tors 4-7, 7, & 9 9 : Progra ogramm mme Deli liver ery (1 OF 16) ) • In 2000/2001 , ORASECOM programme of work including thirty areas clustered into six themes was developed as • follows: a. Institutional and organisational strengthening; b. Specific capacity building on shared watercourse management; c. Development of a shared information system; d. Enhancing ORASECOM communication and awareness building; e. Specific transboundary projects and studies; and f. Promoting conservation and environmental strategies and policies. • The medium term target was to consolidate a basin wide integrated water resources management plan.
WCQ Indi ndica cator tors s 4-7, 7, & 9 9 : Progra ogramm mme Deli liver ery (2 2 OF OF 16 16) • From 2004 to 2007 , Undertook Phase I of IWRM planning with support of GIZ, and focussed on collating existing information that then described the water resources of the Basin, covering the following topics: – hydrology and water resource availability; – economics and current use of economic tools in water resource management and allocation; – demographics, water demand, and water resources development in the basin; – water infrastructure in the basin; – policy, legal and institutional frameworks related to water resources management in the basin; – water quality and pollution; – ground water availability and use; and – environmental considerations.
WCQ Indi ndica cator tors s 4-7, 7, & 9 9 : Progra ogramm mme Deli liver ery (3 3 OF OF 16 16) • From 2007 to 2009 , Undertook the following Studies and Initiatives with support of FGEF:- – Protection of Water Sources “Sponges” in the Highlands of Lesotho – Feasibility Study of the Potential for Sustainable Water Resources Development in the Molopo-Nossob Watercourse – Design and Planning Definitive Capacity Building Programme for Technical Staff/Experts/Commissioners And Stakeholders – Feasibility Study for Development of Mechanism to Mobilize Funds for Catchment Conservation – Groundwater Review of the Molopo-Nossob Basin for Rural Communities including Assessment of National Databases at the Sub-basin Level for Possible Future Integration – Feasibility Study on the Potential Development and Use of Marginal Waters
WCQ Indi ndica cator tors s 4-7, 7, & 9 9 : Progra ogramm mme Deli liver ery (4 4 OF OF 16 16) From 2009 to 2013 , Undertook Phase II of the ORASECOM IWRM planning programme with support of GIZ, focusing on filling knowledge gaps in the following six areas:- – Water Resources Modelling – Hydrological Studies – Water Quality Management – Climate Change – Environmental Flow Requirements – Irrigation Efficiency
WCQ Indi ndica cator tors s 4-7, 7, & 9 9 : Progra ogramm mme Deli liver ery (5 5 OF OF 16 16) From 2009 to 2013 , Undertook work in following Six Result Areas with support of EU: – Strengthening of ORASECOM on basin management, policy and legal issues – Enhancing of Capacity for Shared Water Courses Management in all riparian states thru a number of training courses – Development of a shared information system that promotes the development of a common understanding for decision-making e.g. development of a transboundary water quality monitoring programme for the Basin – Enhancing ORASECOM communication and awareness building processes e.g. development of a Communications Strategy and teasing out on how stakeholder participation could be implemented in the Basin given differing disparities and interests – Dialoguing towards the Orange-Senqu Integrated Water Resources Management Plan e.g. a Number of Delphi Workshops were held discussing topics like what type of Plan is desired etc – Activities on demonstrating water conservation and environmental strategies e.g. 2 Water Resources Quality Joint Basin Surveys in 2010 and 2015
WCQ Indi ndica cator tors s 4-7, 7, & 9 9 : Progra ogramme mme Deli liver ery (6 6 OF OF 16 16)
WC WCQ Q In Indicat dicator ors s 4-7, 7, & 9 9 : : Progr ogramm mme Deli liver ery (7 7 OF OF 16 16) From 2009 to 2013 , Undertook Trans-boundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA) of environmental sustainability impacts and causes of those, and development of a Basin Wide Strategic Action Plan (SAP) and National Action Plans (NAPs) to address identified environmental sustainability challenges and causes, with support of UNDP-GEF. The work also included the following other components: – Institutional Strengthening of ORASECOM e.g. establishment of a Water Information System for ORASECOM – Improving Communications and Public Participation – Demonstration Projects i.e. environmental flows requirement assessment for the lower part of the Basin (downstream of Noordoewer/Vioolsdrift, Fish River in Namibia, and the river mouth), irrigation efficiency demonstration in some of the farms belonging to the Joint Irrigation Authority between Namibia and South Africa; and addressing land degradation and providing alternative livelihood for affected communities in Lesotho and Botswana.
WCQ Indi ndica cator tors s 4-7, 7, & 9 9 : Progra ogramm mme Deli liver ery (8 8 OF OF 16 16)
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