Slide 1 / 120 Slide 2 / 120 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Progressive Science Initiative 8th Grade This material is made freely available at www.njctl.org and is intended for the non-commercial use of Forces and Motion students and teachers. These materials may not be used for any commercial purpose without the written permission of the owners. NJCTL maintains its website for the convenience of teachers who wish to Classwork & make their work available to other teachers, participate in a virtual professional learning Homework community, and/or provide access to course materials to parents, students and others. Click to go to website: www.njctl.org www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 120 Slide 4 / 120 1 Define motion. Classwork #1: Motion and Speed Slide 5 / 120 Slide 6 / 120 2 When you look at the ground you seem to be at 3 Define speed. rest. Using the term relative motion explain why someone in space would see you moving in a circle.
Slide 7 / 120 Slide 8 / 120 4 What is the formula for measuring the speed of an 5 Lance Armstrong can ride his bicycle at speeds of object? 15 m/s. If he is traveling at this speed, how long will it take him to travel 81.9 meters? Slide 9 / 120 Slide 10 / 120 6 John is growing another crop of corn this year. He 7 Benjamin is learning how to ride his tricycle. His plows a row of his field in 90 seconds. If each row driveway is 30 meters long, and he is not allowed is 384 meters long, how fast does John drive his to ride anywhere else yet. If Benjamin travels at 3 tractor? m/s, how long will it take him to go from one end of the driveway to the other? Slide 11 / 120 Slide 12 / 120 8 How can you tell that an object is in motion? Homework: Motion and Speed
Slide 13 / 120 Slide 14 / 120 9 What is a frame of reference? 10 How long does it take a snail to travel a distance of 3 ft at 0.1 ft/sec? Slide 15 / 120 Slide 16 / 120 11 How far (distance) does a cat run if it travels at a 12 A racecar driver frequently drives his racecar at speed of 3 m/s for 25 seconds? 67 m/s for as long as he can. If he drives his car at that speed for 22 seconds, how far will he travel? Slide 17 / 120 Slide 18 / 120 13 Everyone in Paperville needs their newspaper before 6 a.m. on Monday. If it takes the delivery boy 3 hours to deliver the papers at 12 m/s, what is the distance of the paper route in Paperville? Classwork #2: Average vs. Instantaneous Speed & Velocity
Slide 19 / 120 Slide 20 / 120 Homework: Average vs. Instantaneous Men’s 100m Dash World Record Activity Sheet Speed & Velocity Slide 21 / 120 Slide 22 / 120 14 What is the difference between average speed 15 What is the average speed of a dog that runs 100 and instantaneous speed? m in 30 s? Slide 23 / 120 Slide 24 / 120 16 You look at your speedometer in the car on a trip 17 List two examples of average speed and two to look at your speed. Is this an average speed or examples of instantaneous speed. instantaneous speed?
Slide 25 / 120 Slide 26 / 120 19 Train A leaves New York at the same time Train B 18 The Admiral train is traveling east at 100 mph and the Alamo train is traveling west at 100 mph. Do leaves California. They are 2900 miles apart. If they have the same speed? Do they have the they both travel at an average speed of 120 mph. same velocity? Why? A What is the velocity of train A? B What is the velocity of train B? C How long will it take before they meet? Slide 27 / 120 Slide 28 / 120 Classwork #3: Graphing Motion Graphing Motion Simulation Activity Sheet Slide 29 / 120 Slide 30 / 120 20 It is Field Day at your school and everyone is ready for the potato sack race. Each grade has selected one person to enter the race. There were nine checkpoints along the racecourse. Graph the Homework: Graphing Motion motion of the three contestants using a separate color/line pattern for each contestant.
Slide 31 / 120 Slide 32 / 120 21 Who won the race? Name 10m 20m 30m 40m 50m 60m 70m 80m 90m Susie (6 th ) 4s 9s 11s 15s 21s 23s 28s 32s 37s Joe (7 th ) 5s 15s 19s 24s 29s 33s 36s 41s 46s Thomas 6s 8s 11s 15s 20s 24s 28s 31s 35s (8 th ) Slide 33 / 120 Slide 34 / 120 22 Who had the fastest speed from 0- 50m? 23 Who had the fastest speed from 0-70m? Slide 35 / 120 Slide 36 / 120 24 Define acceleration. Classwork #4: Acceleration
Slide 37 / 120 Slide 38 / 120 25 Write the formula for measuring the acceleration 26 What is the SI unit of measurement for of an object. acceleration? Slide 39 / 120 Slide 40 / 120 27 Explain 3 ways that you can change motion and 28 What is the acceleration of a car that starts at rest accelerate. and increases its speed to 10 m/s in 2 seconds? Slide 41 / 120 Slide 42 / 120 29 What is the acceleration of an object that starts at 30 Describe the speed of an object as seen in the 10 m/s and slows to 2 m/s in 4 seconds? acceleration graph below:
Slide 43 / 120 Slide 44 / 120 31 Describe the speed of an object as seen in the acceleration graph below: Homework: Acceleration Slide 45 / 120 Slide 46 / 120 32 Explain why going around a corner on a bicycle is 33 A car increases its speed. Is this acceleration considered acceleration. positive or negative? Explain. Slide 47 / 120 Slide 48 / 120 34 What is the acceleration of a rocket that is 35 What is the acceleration of a dragster that deploys travelling at 20 m/s and increases it’s velocity to a parachute when travelling at 33 m/s and slows 40 m/s in 4 seconds? to rest in 11 seconds?
Slide 49 / 120 Slide 50 / 120 36 Describe the speed of an object as seen in the 37 Describe the speed of an object as seen in the acceleration graph seen below: acceleration graph seen below: Slide 51 / 120 Slide 52 / 120 38 Define a force. Classwork #5: Forces and Friction Slide 53 / 120 Slide 54 / 120 39 How are forces involved in changing the motion of 40 What is the “BIG IDEA” about the relationship an object? between forces and acceleration?
Slide 55 / 120 Slide 56 / 120 41 What is the Unit for measuring force in the SI 42 Calculate the net force in the diagram seen below: system of measurement? Slide 57 / 120 Slide 58 / 120 43 Define friction and explain its effect on motion. 44 What is static friction? Slide 59 / 120 Slide 60 / 120 45 A force is a push or a pull acting on an object. How do forces affect motion when the forces are a) balanced, and b) unbalanced? Homework: Forces and Friction
Slide 61 / 120 Slide 62 / 120 46 What happens to the motion of any object that 47 What types of friction occur when you ride a bike feels an unbalanced force? through a puddle? Slide 63 / 120 Slide 64 / 120 48 In your own words, define the law of gravitation. Classwork #6: Gravity and Equilibrium Slide 65 / 120 Slide 66 / 120 49 What is the formula for measuring the weight of 50 Why is the weight of a barbell smaller on the any object? moon compared to the Earth?
Slide 67 / 120 Slide 68 / 120 51 What happens to the force of gravity as any 2 52 When is an object said to be in free fall? objects move farther apart? Slide 69 / 120 Slide 70 / 120 53 Define Equilibrium and relate it to the term 54 Calculate the Net force acting on the block in the balanced forces. diagram seen below: Slide 71 / 120 Slide 72 / 120 55 As we move away from the center of the Earth, what happens to the force of gravity? Homework: Gravity and Equilibrium
Slide 73 / 120 Slide 74 / 120 56 Explain why Jupiter’s gravitational constant is 57 What is the weight of a 99 kg man on Earth? stronger than Mercury’s gravitational constant. Slide 75 / 120 Slide 76 / 120 58 Why does an object accelerate when it falls 59 What happens to the motion of any object that toward Earth’s surface? feels an unbalanced force? Slide 77 / 120 Slide 78 / 120 60 If an object is in equilibrium, then the forces must 61 Calculate the net force acting on the block seen in be _____________________? the diagram below:
Slide 79 / 120 Slide 80 / 120 62 Is the object in #50 in equilibrium? Explain. Classwork #7: Newton's First Law Slide 81 / 120 Slide 82 / 120 63 Who were the early scientists that first 64 What were some of the advances that Sir Isaac studied/explained motion? Newton made in the area of physics and mathematics? Slide 83 / 120 Slide 84 / 120 65 Define Newton’s 1st law of motion. 66 What is the relationship between an object’s mass and the amount of inertia it exhibits? Give an example to answer this question.
Slide 85 / 120 Slide 86 / 120 67 Define inertia. Homework: Newton's First Law Slide 87 / 120 Slide 88 / 120 68 Which object has more inertia? A boy or an 69 In your own words, explain an example of automobile? Why? Newton’s 1st law of motion. Slide 89 / 120 Slide 90 / 120 70 How does applying a force to an object affect its motion? Classwork #8: Newton's Second Law
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