Slide 1 / 116 Slide 2 / 116 7 th Grade PSI Structure and Function & Information Processing 2015-11-07 www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 116 Table of Contents Click on the topic to go to that section · Cells: the Fundamental Units of Life · Cell Structure and Function · Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems · Information Processing in Living Systems
Slide 4 / 116 Cells: The Fundamental Units of Life Return to Table of Contents Slide 5 / 116 Characteristics of Living Things There are more than 8.7 million different types of living things on Earth. Organisms come in different sizes, shapes, colors, but all living things have some key characteristics in common. Can you think of characteristics which ALL living things have in common? Make a list with your table. Slide 6 / 116 Characteristics of Living Things These pictures give hints about what some of those traits are. Use the clues to come up with a list of 4 common characteristics. Move the pictures to see answers. Grow Respond to the Use energy for environment. growth and Plant grows maintenance. toward light. Reproduce
Slide 7 / 116 Organisms An organism is an individual living thing that can function on its own. Slide 8 / 116 Levels of Organization Organisms have different levels of organization for structure and function. Humans are an example of a complex organism that has many different levels of organization. Organism Organ Organ Cell Tissue System Slide 9 / 116 Cells A cell is the basic unit of structure and function in all organisms. They are the building blocks of life. All organisms are made up of cells! Cells are microscopic, they cannot be seen with the naked eye. Click here to watch an animation about cell size.
Slide 10 / 116 Cells A unicellular organism is made up of one cell. Multicellular organisms are made up of multiple cells. Some types of plankton are Starfish are made up of many only made up of one cell. cells. Slide 11 / 116 Unicellular Organisms Unicellular organisms are relatively simple and small. They are the oldest forms of life on Earth, and they are everywhere! Examples of unicellular organisms include: bacteria, some types of fungi, and protists. Bacteria on our bodies outnumber our human cells 10:1. Bad bacteria, sometimes called germs, can make us sick, but most bacteria on our body is helpful. Electron microscope picture of bacteria in the human gut. Slide 12 / 116 Multicellular Organisms Multicellular organisms are larger and more complex. In a multicellular organisms each cell has a specific job or function. Humans are made up of 200 different types of cells and over a trillion cells total! https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/science-behind/genetics-overview/
Slide 13 / 116 Cell Theory All living things are made up of one or more cells. · Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living · things. Cells arise only from other cells. · Slide 14 / 116 Living vs. Nonliving Look at the following pictures and classify each item as a living thing or a nonliving thing. Use cell theory to justify your answer. Slide 15 / 116 1 Which sentence below is true about cells? A Plant and animal cells are living. B Plant and animal cells are non-living. C Only plant cells are living. D Only animal cells are living.
Slide 15 (Answer) / 116 1 Which sentence below is true about cells? A Plant and animal cells are living. B Plant and animal cells are non-living. Answer A C Only plant cells are living. D Only animal cells are living. [This object is a pull tab] Slide 16 / 116 2 Which statement is true about cell theory? A Cell theory states that all cells are non-living. B Cell theory states that cells can come from non-living things. C Cell theory states that all cells arise from other cells. D Cell theory says animal cells are the only type of living cells. Slide 16 (Answer) / 116 2 Which statement is true about cell theory? A Cell theory states that all cells are non-living. B Cell theory states that cells can come from non-living Answer things. C C Cell theory states that all cells arise from other cells. D Cell theory says animal cells are the only type of living cells. [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 17 / 116 3 How are cells like building blocks? A Cells are tough and cannot be broken. B Cells build on one another to form a structure. C All cells are weak and break apart. D Cells need to be stuck together in order for them to be strong. Slide 17 (Answer) / 116 3 How are cells like building blocks? A Cells are tough and cannot be broken. B Cells build on one another to form a structure. Answer B C All cells are weak and break apart. D Cells need to be stuck together in order for them to be strong. [This object is a pull tab] Slide 18 / 116 4 Which example below represents something that is living? A a leaf B an oven C a volcano D a bike
Slide 18 (Answer) / 116 4 Which example below represents something that is living? A a leaf B an oven Answer A C a volcano D a bike [This object is a pull tab] Slide 19 / 116 Cell Classification Cells can be classified as prokaryotic or eukaryotic . Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus surrounded by a membrane; prokaryotic cells do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. Nucleus surrounded by Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cell a membrane (red structure) Scanning Electron Microscope image of bacteria. Transmission Electron Micrograph image of an animal cell. Slide 20 / 116 What is a membrane? A membrane is a thin, flexible substance that encloses something and acts as a barrier. Membranes are similar to bubbles.
Slide 21 / 116 Prokaryotes Prokaryotes are organisms made up of prokaryotic cells. Most prokaryotes are also unicelluar. Bacteria are prokaryotes. Prokaryotic cells are usually much smaller than eukaryotic cells and only have a few internal structures. Model of a prokaryotic cell Slide 22 / 116 Eukaryotes Eukaryotes are organisms made up of eukaryotic cells. All multicellular organisms and some unicellular organisms are eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells and more complex. They contain a membrane-bound nucleus and many internal structures called organelles . Slide 23 / 116 Model of a eukaryotic cell Nucleus Other types of organelles
Slide 24 / 116 5 Choose all the terms which describe this organism. A Eukaryotic B Prokaryotic C Unicellular D Multicellular Slide 24 (Answer) / 116 5 Choose all the terms which describe this organism. A Eukaryotic B Prokaryotic Answer A, D C Unicellular D Multicellular [This object is a pull tab] Slide 25 / 116 6 Choose all the terms which describe this organism. A Eukaryotic B Prokaryotic C Unicellular D Multicellular
Slide 25 (Answer) / 116 6 Choose all the terms which describe this organism. A Eukaryotic B Prokaryotic Answer B, C C Unicellular D Multicellular [This object is a pull tab] Slide 26 / 116 7 Choose all the terms which describe this organism. A Eukaryotic B Prokaryotic C Unicellular D Multicellular Slide 26 (Answer) / 116 7 Choose all the terms which describe this organism. A Eukaryotic B Prokaryotic Answer B, C C Unicellular D Multicellular [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 27 / 116 8 Choose all the terms which describe this organism. A Eukaryotic B Prokaryotic C Unicellular D Multicellular Slide 27 (Answer) / 116 8 Choose all the terms which describe this organism. A Eukaryotic B Prokaryotic Answer A, D C Unicellular D Multicellular [This object is a pull tab] Slide 28 / 116 9 A sunflower would be an example of a/an: A unicellular organism B multicellular organism C prokaryote D eukaryote E both B and D F both A and C
Slide 28 (Answer) / 116 9 A sunflower would be an example of a/an: A unicellular organism B multicellular organism Answer E C prokaryote D eukaryote E both B and D [This object is a pull tab] F both A and C Slide 29 / 116 10 How many cells make up a unicellular organism? A zero B more than one C many D one Slide 29 (Answer) / 116 10 How many cells make up a unicellular organism? A zero B more than one Answer C many D D one [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 30 / 116 11 What is the key difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? A Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus B Prokaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus C Prokarytotic cells contain membranes D Eukarytotic are the only cells that grow Slide 30 (Answer) / 116 11 What is the key difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? A Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus B Prokaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus Answer A C Prokarytotic cells contain membranes D Eukarytotic are the only cells that grow [This object is a pull tab] Slide 31 / 116 12 Water that appears clear can actually have many microscopic organisms in it. The image below shows an organism found in pond water under a microscope. How would you classify the organism? A Unicellular, eukaryote B Unicellular, prokaryote C Multicellular, eukaryote D Multicellular, prokaryote Click here to view a protist under a microscope.
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